ASTM D698-07e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft3 (600 kN-m/m3))
Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft<sup>3</sup> (600 kN-m/m<sup>3</sup>))
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover laboratory compaction methods used to determine the relationship between molding water content and dry unit weight of soils (compaction curve) compacted in a 4 or 6-in. (101.6 or 152.4-mm) diameter mold with a 5.50-lbf (24.5-N) rammer dropped from a height of 12.0 in. (305 mm) producing a compactive effort of 12 400 ft-lbf/ft3 (600 kN-m/m3).Note 1
The equipment and procedures are similar as those proposed by R. R. Proctor (Engineering News Record-September 7, 1933) with this one major exception: his rammer blows were applied as "12 inch firm strokes" instead of free fall, producing variable compactive effort depending on the operator, but probably in the range 15 000 to 25 000 ft-lbf/ft3 (700 to 1200 kN-m/m3). The standard effort test (see ) is sometimes referred to as the Proctor Test.
1.1.1 Soils and soil-aggregate mixtures are to be regarded as natural occurring fine- or coarse-grained soils, or composites or mixtures of natural soils, or mixtures of natural and processed soils or aggregates such as gravel or crushed rock. Hereafter referred to as either soil or material.
1.2 These test methods apply only to soils (materials) that have 30 % or less by mass of particles retained on the 3/4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve and have not been previously compacted in the laboratory; that is, do not reuse compacted soil.
1.2.1 For relationships between unit weights and molding water contents of soils with 30 % or less by mass of material retained on the 3/4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve to unit weights and molding water contents of the fraction passing 3/4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve, see Practice D 4718.
1.3 Three alternative methods are provided. The method used shall be as indicated in the specification for the material being tested. If no method is specified, the choice should be based on the material gradation.
1.3.1 Method A: Mold4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter.Material
Passing No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve.Layers
Three.Blows per Layer
25.Usage
May be used if 25 % or less (see Section 1.4) by mass of the material is retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve.Other Usage
If this gradation requirement cannot be met, then Method C may be used.
1.3.2 Method BMold4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter.Material
Passing 3/8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve.Layers
Three.Blows per Layer
25.Usage
May be used if 25 % or less (see Section ) by mass of the material is retained on the 3/8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve.Other Usage
If this gradation requirement cannot be met, then Method C may be used.
1.3.3 Method C - Mold6-in. (152.4-mm) diameter.Material
Passing 3/4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve.Layers
Three.Blows per Layer
56.Usage
May be used if 30 % or less (see Section1.4) by mass of the material is retained on the 3/4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve.
1.3.4 The 6-in. (152.4-mm) diameter mold shall not be used with Method A or B. Note 2Results have been found to vary slightly when a material is tested at the same compactive effort in different size molds, with the smaller mold size typically yielding larger values of density/unit weight (, pp. 21+).
1.4 If the test specimen contains more than 5 % by mass of oversize fraction (coarse fraction) and the material will not be included in the test, corrections must be made to the unit mass and molding water content of the specimen or to the appropriate field-in-place density test specimen using Practice D 4718.
1.5 This test method will generally produce a well-defined maximum dry unit weight for non-free draining soils. If this test method is used for free-draining soils the maximum unit weight may not be well defined, and can be less than obtained using Test Methods D 4253.
1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026, unless superseded by this standard.
1.6.1 For purposes of comparing measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculated value(s) shall be rounded to the nearest decimal or significant dig...
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
´1
Designation: D698 − 07
Standard Test Methods for
Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using
3 3 1
Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft (600 kN-m/m ))
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D698; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Figure 2 was editorially corrected in July 2007.
1. Scope* 1.3.1 Method A:
1.3.1.1 Mold—4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter.
1.1 These test methods cover laboratory compaction meth-
1.3.1.2 Material—Passing No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve.
ods used to determine the relationship between molding water
1.3.1.3 Layers—Three.
content and dry unit weight of soils (compaction curve)
1.3.1.4 Blows per Layer—25.
compacted ina4or 6-in. (101.6 or 152.4-mm) diameter mold
1.3.1.5 Usage—Maybeusedif25%orless(seeSection1.4
witha5.50-lbf(24.5-N)rammerdroppedfromaheightof12.0
) by mass of the material is retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm)
in. (305 mm) producing a compactive effort of 12400 ft-lbf/
3 3 sieve.
ft (600 kN-m/m ).
1.3.1.6 Other Usage—If this gradation requirement cannot
NOTE 1—The equipment and procedures are similar as those proposed
be met, then Method C may be used.
by R. R. Proctor (Engineering News Record—September 7, 1933) with
1.3.2 Method B:
thisonemajorexception:hisrammerblowswereappliedas“12inchfirm
1.3.2.1 Mold—4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter.
strokes”insteadoffreefall,producingvariablecompactiveeffortdepend-
3
1.3.2.2 Material—Passing ⁄8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve.
ing on the operator, but probably in the range 15000 to 25000
3 3
ft-lbf/ft (700 to 1200 kN-m/m ). The standard effort test (see 3.1.4)is
1.3.2.3 Layers—Three.
sometimes referred to as the Proctor Test.
1.3.2.4 Blows per Layer—25.
1.1.1 Soilsandsoil-aggregatemixturesaretoberegardedas 1.3.2.5 Usage—Maybeusedif25%orless(seeSection1.4
3
naturaloccurringfine-orcoarse-grainedsoils,orcompositesor ) by mass of the material is retained on the ⁄8-in. (9.5-mm)
mixtures of natural soils, or mixtures of natural and processed sieve.
soils or aggregates such as gravel or crushed rock. Hereafter 1.3.2.6 Other Usage—If this gradation requirement cannot
referred to as either soil or material. be met, then Method C may be used.
1.3.3 Method C:
1.2 These test methods apply only to soils (materials) that
1.3.3.1 Mold—6-in. (152.4-mm) diameter.
3
have 30% or less by mass of particles retained on the ⁄4-in.
3
1.3.3.2 Material—Passing ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve.
(19.0-mm) sieve and have not been previously compacted in
1.3.3.3 Layers—Three.
the laboratory; that is, do not reuse compacted soil.
1.3.3.4 Blows per Layer—56.
1.2.1 For relationships between unit weights and molding
1.3.3.5 Usage—Maybeusedif30%orless(seeSection1.4
water contents of soils with 30% or less by mass of material
3
) by mass of the material is retained on the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm)
3
retained on the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve to unit weights and
sieve.
3
molding water contents of the fraction passing ⁄4-in. (19.0-
1.3.4 The6-in.(152.4-mm)diametermoldshallnotbeused
mm) sieve, see Practice D4718.
with Method A or B.
1.3 Three alternative methods are provided. The method
NOTE 2—Results have been found to vary slightly when a material is
used shall be as indicated in the specification for the material
tested at the same compactive effort in different size molds, with the
being tested. If no method is specified, the choice should be
smaller mold size typically yielding larger values of density/unit weight
2
based on the material gradation.
(1, pp. 21+).
1.4 If the test specimen contains more than 5% by mass of
1
These Test Methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on
oversize fraction (coarse fraction) and the material will not be
SoilandRockandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD18.03onTexture,
Plasticity and Density Characteristics of Soils.
Current edition approved April 15, 2007. Published July 2007. Originally
ε1 2
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D698–00a . DOI: Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof
10.1520/D0698-07E01. this standard.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
´1
D698 − 07
included in the test, corrections must be made to
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.