ASTM D6387-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Composition of Turpentine and Related Terpene Products by Capillary Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Methods for Composition of Turpentine and Related Terpene Products by Capillary Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Earlier methods for characterizing turpentine and related terpene products were based on physical properties, such as those in Specification D13 and Test Methods D801 and D802, and packed column gas chromatography for the major constituents (for example, α-pinene, β-pinene) as in Test Method D3009. As terpene products became widely used as chemical raw material, the separation and quantitation of compounds present at lower concentrations in the product became more important. The capillary gas chromatographic technique described in these test methods is a rapid and convenient means to perform these analyses.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe the determination of the amounts of α-pinene, β-pinene, dipentene, terpene alcohols, and other terpene compounds in turpentine and related terpene products using capillary gas chromatography. The two methods for determining the amount of the individual terpene compounds are the “internal standard” method, which yields absolute values, and the “area percent” method, which yields relative values.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of the standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Overall this test method gives excellent repeatability but only moderate reproducibility. This greater than normal differential is a consequence of the variety of gas chromatography (GC) columns and other variables used by participants. These variables, coupled with the complex composition of the test products, enabled some workers to separate peaks that others reported as one peak; thus, this test method gives excellent precision within a given laboratory on a given GC. When laboratory to laboratory comparison have to be made, however, it is essential that the GC operating conditions be defined closely.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6387 − 19
Standard Test Methods for
Composition of Turpentine and Related Terpene Products
1
by Capillary Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6387; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 These test methods describe the determination of the 2.1 ASTM Standards:
amounts of α-pinene, β-pinene, dipentene, terpene alcohols, D13Specification for Spirits of Turpentine
and other terpene compounds in turpentine and related terpene D801Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Dipentene
productsusingcapillarygaschromatography.Thetwomethods D802Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Pine Oils
for determining the amount of the individual terpene com- D804Terminology Relating to Pine Chemicals, Including
pounds are the “internal standard” method, which yields Tall Oil and Related Products
absolute values, and the “area percent” method, which yields D3009Test Method for Compostition of Turpentine by Gas
3
relative values. Chromatography (Withdrawn 1999)
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 For definitions see Terminology D804.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of the standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 4.1 A weighed mixture of the sample and internal standard
is prepared, and an aliquot is injected into a temperature
NOTE 1—Overall this test method gives excellent repeatability but only
programmable capillary gas chromatograph to obtain the
moderate reproducibility. This greater than normal differential is a
chromatogram. The peak areas for the compounds to be
consequence of the variety of gas chromatography (GC) columns and
other variables used by participants. These variables, coupled with the
determinedandalsofortheinternalstandardaremeasured.The
complex composition of the test products, enabled some workers to
percentages of the compounds present are calculated from the
separate peaks that others reported as one peak; thus, this test method
peak area of the compounds/internal standard, weight of
gives excellent precision within a given laboratory on a given GC. When
internal standard/sample, and the calibration factors.
laboratory to laboratory comparison have to be made, however, it is
essential that the GC operating conditions be defined closely. Alternately, the relative concentration of the compounds may
becalculatedusingtheareapercentmethod.Forhydrocarbons,
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
the latter quantitation method usually is adequate to use since
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
turpentine and related terpene products contain few noneluting
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
compounds,andtheindividualresponsefactorsareofasimilar
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
value. A polar or nonpolar capillary column may be used for
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the analysis, depending on the particular compounds requiring
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
separation and quantitation.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
2
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Resins. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2019. Published January 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
ɛ1 3
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D6387–99(2014) . The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D6387-19. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6387 − 19
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D6387 − 99 (Reapproved 2014) D6387 − 19
Standard Test Methods for
Composition of Turpentine and Related Terpene Products
1
by Capillary Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6387; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Note 6 was corrected editorially in December 2014.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods describe the determination of the amounts of α-pinene, β-pinene, dipentene, terpene alcohols, and other
terpene compounds in turpentine and related terpene products using capillary gas chromatography. The two methods for
determining the amount of the individual terpene compounds are the “internal standard” method, which yields absolute values, and
the “area percent” method, which yields relative values.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of the standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—Overall this test method gives excellent repeatability but only moderate reproducibility. This greater than normal differential is a consequence
of the variety of gas chromatography (GC) columns and other variables used by participants. These variables, coupled with the complex composition of
the test products, enabled some workers to separate peaks that others reported as one peak; thus, this test method gives excellent precision within a given
laboratory on a given GC. When laboratory to laboratory comparison have to be made, however, it is essential that the GC operating conditions be defined
closely.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D13 Specification for Spirits of Turpentine
D801 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Dipentene
D802 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Pine Oils
D804 Terminology Relating to Pine Chemicals, Including Tall Oil and Related Products
3
D3009 Test Method for Compostition of Turpentine by Gas Chromatography (Withdrawn 1999)
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions see Terminology D804.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A weighed mixture of the sample and internal standard is prepared, and an aliquot is injected into a temperature
programmable capillary gas chromatograph to obtain the chromatogram. The peak areas for the compounds to be determined and
also for the internal standard are measured. The percentages of the compounds present are calculated from the peak area of the
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014Jan. 1, 2019. Published January 2015January 2019. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20102014 as
ɛ1
D6387D6387 – 99 (2014) – 99 (2010). DOI: 10.1520/D6387-99R14E01.10.1520/D6387-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6387 − 19
compounds/internal standard, weight of internal standard/sample, and the calibration factors. Alternately, the relative concentration
of the compounds may be calculated using the area percent method. For hydrocarbons, the latter qua
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6387 − 19
Standard Test Methods for
Composition of Turpentine and Related Terpene Products
1
by Capillary Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6387; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 These test methods describe the determination of the 2.1 ASTM Standards:
amounts of α-pinene, β-pinene, dipentene, terpene alcohols, D13 Specification for Spirits of Turpentine
and other terpene compounds in turpentine and related terpene D801 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Dipentene
products using capillary gas chromatography. The two methods D802 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Pine Oils
for determining the amount of the individual terpene com- D804 Terminology Relating to Pine Chemicals, Including
pounds are the “internal standard” method, which yields Tall Oil and Related Products
absolute values, and the “area percent” method, which yields D3009 Test Method for Compostition of Turpentine by Gas
3
relative values. Chromatography (Withdrawn 1999)
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 For definitions see Terminology D804.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of the standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.1 A weighed mixture of the sample and internal standard
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
is prepared, and an aliquot is injected into a temperature
NOTE 1—Overall this test method gives excellent repeatability but only
programmable capillary gas chromatograph to obtain the
moderate reproducibility. This greater than normal differential is a
chromatogram. The peak areas for the compounds to be
consequence of the variety of gas chromatography (GC) columns and
determined and also for the internal standard are measured. The
other variables used by participants. These variables, coupled with the
percentages of the compounds present are calculated from the
complex composition of the test products, enabled some workers to
separate peaks that others reported as one peak; thus, this test method peak area of the compounds/internal standard, weight of
gives excellent precision within a given laboratory on a given GC. When
internal standard/sample, and the calibration factors.
laboratory to laboratory comparison have to be made, however, it is
Alternately, the relative concentration of the compounds may
essential that the GC operating conditions be defined closely.
be calculated using the area percent method. For hydrocarbons,
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
the latter quantitation method usually is adequate to use since
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
turpentine and related terpene products contain few noneluting
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
compounds, and the individual response factors are of a similar
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
value. A polar or nonpolar capillary column may be used for
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the analysis, depending on the particular compounds requiring
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
separation and quantitation.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
2
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Resins. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2019. Published January 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
ɛ1 3
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D6387 – 99 (2014) . The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D6387-19. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6387 − 19
NOTE 2—Response factors should be employed if significant quantities
INTERNAL STANDARD METHOD
of polar and n
...
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