ASTM D3606-99
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides for the determination of benzene and toluene in finished motor and aviation gasolines by gas chromatography.
1.2 Benzene can be determined between the levels of 0.1 and 5 volume% and toluene can be determined between the levels of 2 and 20 volume%.
1.3 The precision for this test method was determined using conventional gasoline as well as gasolines containing oxygenates (ethers such as methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-butylether and tert-amylmethylether.
1.4 It has been determined that this test method is not applicable to gasolines containing ethanol. Methanol may also cause interference.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Notes 1 through 11.
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An American National Standard
Designation: D 3606 – 99
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor
1
and Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope separates the components according to boiling point. After
octane has eluted, the flow through the nonpolar column is
1.1 This test method provides for the determination of
reversed, flushing out the components heavier than octane. The
benzene and toluene in finished motor and aviation gasolines
octane and lighter components then pass through a column
by gas chromatography.
packed with a highly polar phase such as 1,2,3-tris(2-
1.2 Benzene can be determined between the levels of 0.1
cyanoethoxy) propane (8.1.2) which separates the aromatic and
and 5 volume % and toluene can be determined between the
nonaromatic compounds. The eluted components are detected
levels of 2 and 20 volume %.
by a thermal conductivity detector. The detector response is
1.3 The precision for this test method was determined using
recorded, the peak areas are measured, and the concentration of
conventional gasoline as well as gasolines containing oxygen-
each component is calculated with reference to the internal
ates (ethers such as methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-
standard.
butylether and tert-amylmethylether).
1.4 It has been determined that this test method is not
4. Significance and Use
applicable to gasolines containing ethanol. Methanol may also
4.1 Benzene is classed as a toxic material. A knowledge of
cause interference.
the concentration of this compound can be an aid in evaluating
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
the possible health hazard to persons handling and using the
standard. Values given in parentheses are provided for infor-
gasoline. This test method is not intended to evaluate such
mation only.
hazards.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Apparatus
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 Chromatograph—Any chromatographic instrument that
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
has a backflush system and thermal conductivity detector, and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
that can be operated at the conditions given in Table 1, can be
statements, see Notes 1-11.
employed. Two backflush systems are shown. Fig. 1 is a
pressure system and Fig. 2 is a switching valve system. Either
2. Referenced Documents
one can be used.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 Columns:
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
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2 5.2.1 Column A—One 0.8-m (2.5-ft) by 3.2-mm ( ⁄8-in.)
Petroleum Products
outside diameter stainless steel column packed with 10 mass %
3. Summary of Test Method dimethylpolysiloxane (for example, OV-101) on Chromosorb
W, 60 to 80 mesh.
3.1 An internal standard, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), is
5.2.2 Column B—One 4.6-m (15-ft) by 3.2-mm outside
added to the sample which is then introduced into a gas
diameter stainless steel column packed with 20 mass % TCEP
chromatograph equipped with two columns connected in
on Chromosorb P, 80 to 100 mesh.
series. The sample passes first through a column packed with a
5.3 Recorder, a strip chart recorder. An electronic integrat-
nonpolar phase such as dimethylpolysiloxane (8.1.1) which
ing device or a computer capable of graphical presentation of
the chromatogram. The electronic integrating device or com-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
puter must be capable of measuring 0.1 volume % MEK with
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
satisfactory signal-to-noise. If a strip chart recorder is to be
D02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis.
used,a0to 1–mV range recording pontentiometer with a
Current edition approved April 10, 1999. Published June 1999. Originally
response time of2sor less and a maximum noise level of 6
published as D 3606–77. Last previous edition D 3606–96.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D3606–99
TABLE 1 Instrument Parameters
6.4.3 Methylene Chloride, for cleaning columns.
Detector thermal conductivity (Warning—See Note 4.)
Columns: two, stainless steel
NOTE 4—Warning: Harmful if inhaled. High concentrations can cause
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