ASTM A949/A949M-01(2014)

Standard Specification for Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe

ABSTRACT
This specification covers spray-formed seamless ferritic/austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for general corrosive service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corrosion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures. The steel shall be made by the electric-furnace process and the pipe shall be made by the spray forming process using the melt from the primary melting. The as spray formed tubes shall be machined on both the inner and outer surfaces. All pipes shall be furnished in the heat-treated and descaled conditions. These pipes shall be free of contaminating iron particles. The specimens shall undergo transverse or longitudinal tension test, flattening test and hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers spray-formed seamless ferritic/austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for general corrosive service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corrosion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures.  
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the order.  
1.3 Appendix X1 of this specification lists the dimensions of seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B 36.19. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.4.2 The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.Note 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2014
• ICS: 23.040.10 - Iron and steel pipes
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.10 - Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A949/A949M-01(2009) - Standard Specification for Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2014
• Replaced By: ASTM A949/A949M-01(2019) - Standard Specification for Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019
• Referred By: ASTM A999/A999M-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A949/A949M −01 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Specification for
Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel
Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA949/A949M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A941 TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,Related
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversspray-formedseamlessferritic/
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for general corrosive
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corro-
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
sion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if
Blooms, and Forgings
used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures.
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These
2.2 ANSI/ASME Standards:
supplementaryrequirementscallforadditionalteststobemade
B 1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose
and when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the 3
B 36.10M-1995 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
order.
B 36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe
1.3 AppendixX1ofthisspecificationliststhedimensionsof 2.3 Other Standard:
SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B 36.19. Pipe
having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe (UNS)
complies with all other requirements of this specification.
3. Terminology
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1 Definitions:
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.1.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthisspecification,refer
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
to Terminology A941.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
with the standard. 3.2.1 spray-formed—denotes the fabrication of different
shapes of a metallic material by deposition of a spray,
1.4.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.4.2 The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” consisting of droplets, solid particles, and particles that are
partially solid, onto a moving substrate.
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The spray is produced by gas atomiza-
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
tion of the liquid metal or alloy. On impingement with the
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
substrate, the species of the spray consolidate and solidify
completely to produce a product that is essentially free of
2. Referenced Documents
porosity. The metallurgical characteristics of the spray-formed
2.1 ASTM Standards:
productarecontrolledprimarilybythethermalconditionofthe
A450/A450M Specification for General Requirements for
spray, and that of the surface of the metallic deposit formed on
Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Tubes
the substrate.
4. Ordering Information
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4.1 Orders for material under this specification should
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved March 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originally
material adequately:
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A949/A949M – 01
(2009). DOI: 10.1520/A0949_A0949M-01R14.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,
the ASTM website. PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A949/A949M−01 (2014)
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths), 8. Product Analysis
4.1.2 Name of material (ferritic/austenitic steel pipe),
8.1 At the request of the purchaser, an analysis of two pipes
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
from each lot shall be made by the manufacturer.Alot of pipe
4.1.4 Size (NPS designator or outside diameter and sched-
shall consist of the following number of lengths of the same
ule number of average wall thickness, or other),
size and wall thickness from any one heat of stainless steel:
4.1.5 Length (specific or random) (Section 10),
NPS Designator Lengths of Pipe in Lot
4.1.6 End finish (section on Ends of Specification A999/
A999M), Under 2 400 or fraction thereof
2 to 5, incl 200 or fraction thereof
4.1.7 Optional requirements (Section 9), Supplementary
6 and over 100 or fraction thereof
Requirements S1 to S4,
8.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to the
4.1.8 Test report required (section on Certification of Speci-
purchaser or the purchaser’s representative, and shall conform
fication A999/A999M),
to the requirements specified in Section 5.
4.1.9 Specification designation, and
4.1.10 Special requirements or exceptions to the specifica- 8.3 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 8.1 does
tion.
not conform to the requirements specified in Section 5,an
analysis of each pipe from the same heat or lot may be made,
5. General Requirements
and all pipes conforming to the requirements shall be accepted.
5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
9. Tensile and Hardness Properties
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
9.1 The material shall conform to the tensile and hardness
Specification A999/A999M unless otherwise provided herein.
properties prescribed in Table 3.
6. Materials and Manufacture
10. Lengths
6.1 Melting—Thesteelshallbemadebytheelectric-furnace
10.1 Pipe lengths shall be in accordance with the following
process or other primary processes approved by the purchaser.
regular practice:
6.2 Pipe Manufacture:
10.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, all sizes from NPS ⁄8
6.2.1 The pipe shall be made by the spray forming process
to and including NPS 8 are available in a length up to 24 ft
using the melt from the primary melting as noted in 7.1.
(Note 2) with the permissible range of 15 to 24 ft (Note 2).
6.2.2 The pipe shall be made by spraying the melt on to a
Short lengths are acceptable and the number and minimum
thin-walled collector tube. The as spray formed tube shall be
length shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
machined on both the inner and outer surfaces. The remaining
purchaser.
metalshallbehomogeneous,sound,andmeettherequirements
NOTE 2—This value applies when the inch-pound designation of this
of Section 11.
specification is the basis of purchase. When the “M” designation of this
6.2.3 Unless specified by the purchaser, pipe may be fur-
specification is the basis of purchase, the corresponding metric value(s)
nished as spray formed or as spray-formed and cold-finished.
shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
6.2.4 All pipe shall be furnished in the heat-treated condi-
10.1.2 If definite cut lengths are desired, the lengths re-
tion as shown in Table 1.
quired shall be specified in the order. No pipe shall be less than
6.2.5 All pipe shall be furnished in the descaled condition
the specified length and no more than ⁄4 in. [6 mm] over it.
and be free of contaminating iron particles. Pickling, blasting
or surface finishing is not mandatory when pipe is bright
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
annealed. The purchaser may request that a passivating treat-
11.1 The finished pipes shall be reasonably straight and
ment be applied.
shall have a workmanlike finish. Imperfections may be re-
moved by grinding, provided the wall thicknesses are not
7. Chemical Composition
decreased to less than that permitted, in the Permissible
7.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements as
Variations in Wall Thickness Section of Specification A999/
prescribed in Table 2.
A999M.
12. Mechanical Tests Required
TABLE 1 Heat Treatment
12.1 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test—One tension
UNS
test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 100
Designation Temperature Quench
pipes.Tensiontestsshallbemadeonspecimensfromtwopipes
S31803 1870–2010°F [1020–1100°C] rapid cooling in air or water
for lots of more than 100 pipes.
S31500 1800–1900°F [980–1040°C] rapid cooling in air or water
S31200 1920–2010°F [1050–1100°C] rapid cooling in water
NOTE 3—The term “lot,” for mechanical tests, applies to all pipe of the
S32550 1900°F [1040°C] min rapid cooling in air or water
same nominal size and wall thickness (or schedule) that is produced from
S31260 1870–2010°F [1020–1100°C] rapid cooling in water
the same heat of steel and subjected to the same finishing treatment: (1)in
S32304 1700–1920°F [925–1050°C] rapid cooling in air or water
a continuous heat-treatment furnace, or (2) in a batch-type heat-treatment
S32750 1880–2060°F [1025–1125°C] rapid cooling in air or water
furnace, eq
...