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ASTM B828-23

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Making Capillary Joints by Soldering of Copper and Copper Alloy Tube and Fittings

Standard Practice for Making Capillary Joints by Soldering of Copper and Copper Alloy Tube and Fittings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The techniques described herein are used to produce leak-tight soldered joints between copper and copper alloy tube and fittings, either in shop operations or in the field. Skill and knowledge on the part of the operator or mechanic are required to obtain a satisfactorily soldered joint.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for making capillary joints by soldering of copper and copper alloy tube and fittings.  
1.2 This procedure is applicable to pressurized systems such as plumbing, heating, air conditioning, refrigeration, mechanical, fire sprinkler, and other similar systems. ASME B31.5 and B31.9 reference the techniques used for satisfactory joint preparation. It is also used in the assembly of nonpressurized systems such as drainage, waste, and vent.  
1.3 It is not applicable to the assembly of electrical or electronic systems.  
1.4 Tube and fittings are manufactured within certain tolerances to provide for the small variations in dimensions associated with manufacturing practice. Applicable specifications are listed in Appendix X1.  
1.5 A variety of solders are available that will produce sound, leak-tight joints. Choice of solder will depend upon the type of application and on local codes. For potable water systems, only lead-free solders shall be used, some of which are described in Specification B32.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazard statements, see the warning statements in 6.4.1, 6.6.1, and 6.6.3.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Nov-2023
ICS
23.040.15 - Non-ferrous metal pipes
Technical Committee
B05 - Copper and Copper Alloys
Drafting Committee
B05.04 - Pipe and Tube
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM B828-16 - Standard Practice for Making Capillary Joints by Soldering of Copper and Copper Alloy Tube and Fittings
Effective Date
01-Dec-2023
Referred By
ASTM B280-23 - Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service
Effective Date
01-Dec-2023
Referred By
ASTM B640-12a(2021) - Standard Specification for Welded Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Service
Effective Date
01-Dec-2023
Referred By
ASTM B88-22 - Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube
Effective Date
01-Dec-2023
Referred By
ASTM B306-20 - Standard Specification for Copper Drainage Tube (DWV)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2023
Referred By
ASTM B88M-20 - Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube (Metric)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2023

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: B828 − 23
Standard Practice for
Making Capillary Joints by Soldering of Copper and Copper
1
Alloy Tube and Fittings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B828; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for making capillary
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
joints by soldering of copper and copper alloy tube and fittings.
1.2 This procedure is applicable to pressurized systems such
2. Referenced Documents
as plumbing, heating, air conditioning, refrigeration,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mechanical, fire sprinkler, and other similar systems. ASME
B32 Specification for Solder Metal
B31.5 and B31.9 reference the techniques used for satisfactory
B68/B68M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube, Bright
joint preparation. It is also used in the assembly of nonpres-
Annealed
surized systems such as drainage, waste, and vent.
B75/B75M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
1.3 It is not applicable to the assembly of electrical or
B88 Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube
electronic systems.
B88M Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube (Met-
1.4 Tube and fittings are manufactured within certain toler-
ric)
ances to provide for the small variations in dimensions
B280 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Air Con-
associated with manufacturing practice. Applicable specifica-
ditioning and Refrigeration Field Service
tions are listed in Appendix X1.
B306 Specification for Copper Drainage Tube (DWV)
1.5 A variety of solders are available that will produce
B447 Specification for Welded Copper Tube
sound, leak-tight joints. Choice of solder will depend upon the
B640 Specification for Welded Copper Tube for Air Condi-
type of application and on local codes. For potable water
tioning and Refrigeration Service
systems, only lead-free solders shall be used, some of which
B813 Specification for Liquid and Paste Fluxes for Solder-
are described in Specification B32.
ing of Copper and Copper Alloy Tube
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical 3
2.2 ASME Documents:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping
and are not considered standard.
ASME B31.9 Building Services Piping
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ASME B16.18 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Fittings
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ASME B16.22 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Joint Pressure Fittings
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ASME B16.23 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage
For hazard statements, see the warning statements in 6.4.1,
Fittings—DWV
6.6.1, and 6.6.3.
ASME B16.29 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
Joint Drainage Fittings—DWV
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipe and Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Tube. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as B828 – 16. DOI: International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
10.1520/B0828-23. www.asme.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B828 − 23
4
2.3 ANSI Document:
ANSI Z49.1 Safety in Welding and Cutting
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and cop
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B828 − 16 B828 − 23
Standard Practice for
Making Capillary Joints by Soldering of Copper and Copper
1
Alloy Tube and Fittings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B828; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice describescovers a procedure for making capillary joints by soldering of copper and copper alloy tube and fittings.
1.2 This procedure is applicable to pressurized systems such as plumbing, heating, air conditioning, refrigeration, mechanical, fire
sprinkler, and other similar systems. ASME B31.5 and B31.9 reference the techniques used for satisfactory joint preparation. It is
also used in the assembly of nonpressurized systems such as drainage, waste, and vent.
1.3 It is not applicable to the assembly of electrical or electronic systems.
1.4 Tube and fittings are manufactured within certain tolerances to provide for the small variations in dimensions associated with
manufacturing practice. Applicable specifications are listed in Appendix X1.
1.5 A variety of solders are available that will produce sound, leak-tight joints. Choice of solder will depend upon the type of
application and on local codes. For potable water systems, only lead-free solders shall be used, some of which are described in
Specification B32.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazard statements, see the warning statements in 6.4.1, 6.6.1, and 6.6.3.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B32 Specification for Solder Metal
B68/B68M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube, Bright Annealed
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipe and Tube.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016Dec. 1, 2023. Published June 2016December 2023. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as
B828 – 02 (2010).B828 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/B0828-16.10.1520/B0828-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B828 − 23
B75/B75M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
B88 Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube
B88M Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube (Metric)
B280 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service
B306 Specification for Copper Drainage Tube (DWV)
B447 Specification for Welded Copper Tube
B640 Specification for Welded Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Service
3
B641 Specification for Seamless and Welded Copper Distribution Tube (Type D) (Withdrawn 1996)
3
B716 Specification for Welded Copper Water Tube (Withdrawn 1994)
3
B716M Specification for Welded Copper Water Tube (Metric) (Withdrawn 1994)
B813 Specification for Liquid and Paste Fluxes for Soldering of Copper and Copper Alloy Tube
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
3
2.2 ASME Documents:
ASME B31.5 Refrigeration Piping
ASME B31.9 Building Services Piping
ASME B16.18 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
ASME B16.22 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
ASME
...

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ABSTRACT
This specification applies to seamless copper tube for linesets intended for use in air conditioning units. The pressure rating established is 700 psi at 250 °F and incorporates fully annealed and brazed copper tubing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for seamless copper tube for linesets intended for use in air conditioning units. The pressure rating established is 700 psi at 250 °F and incorporates fully annealed and brazed copper tubing.  
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This specification establishes the requirements for seamless copper and copper alloy tubing on which the external or internal surface, or both, has been modified by a coldforming process to produce an integral enhanced surface for improved heat transfer. The tubes are typically used in surface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers. The seamless copper and copper alloy tubing shall have the internal or external surface, or both, modified by a cold forming process to produce an integral enhanced surface for improved heat transfer. The tube, after enhancing, shall be supplied in the annealed (O61) or as-fabricated temper. The enhanced sections of tubes in the as-fabricated temper are in the cold-worked condition produced by the fabricating operation. The unenhanced sections of tubes in the asfabricated temper are in the temper of the tube prior to enhancing, annealed (O61), or light drawn (H55), and suitable for rolling-in operations. Samples of annealed-temper (O61) tubes selected for test shall be subjected to microscopical examination and shall show uniform and complete recrystallation. Grain size and mechanical properties such as tensile strength and yield strength of the alloys shall be determined. Expansion and flattening tests shall be done to the alloys for performance evaluation. Non-destructive tests such as eddy-current test, hydrostatic test, and pneumatic test shall be done as well.
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1.1 This specification2 covers the requirements for seamless copper and copper alloy tubing on which the external or internal surface, or both, has been modified by a cold-forming process to produce an integral enhanced surface for improved heat transfer.  
1.2 The tubes are typically used in surface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers.  
1.3 The product shall be produced of the following coppers or copper alloys, as specified in the ordering information.    
Copper or
Copper Alloy
UNS No.  
Type of Metal  
C10100  
Oxygen-free electronic  
C10200  
Oxygen-free without residual deoxidants  
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Oxygen-free, extra low phosphorus  
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Oxygen-free, low phosphorus  
C12000  
DLP Phosphorized, low residual phosphorus
(See Note 1)  
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DHP, Phosphorized, high residual phosphorus
(See Note 1)  
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C15630  
Nickel Phosphorus  
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Red Brass  
C44300  
Admiralty Metal Types B,  
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C, and  
C44550  
D  
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C70400  
95-5 Copper-Nickel  
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90-10 Copper-Nickel  
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Copper or
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Type of Metal  
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C71500  
70-30 Copper-Nickel  
C71520  
70-30 Copper-Nickel (Modified for Welding)  
C72200  
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ABSTRACT
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1.5.1.1 Exception—Values given in inch-pound units are the standard except for grain size, which is stated in SI units.  
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers seamless, internally enhanced copper tube, in straight lengths or coils, suitable for use in refrigeration and air-conditioning products or other heat exchangers. The material of manufacture shall be cast billet, bar, tube, or so forth of copper UNS No. C12200 and shall be of such purity and soundness as to be suitable for processing into the tubular product described. The tube shall be manufactured by such hot- and cold-working processes needed to produce a homogenous, uniform wrought structure in the finished product. The material shall conform to the chemical composition requirements specified. The grain size shall be determined in the wall beneath the ridges. The microstructure shall show complete recrystallization and shall have an average grain size within the limits specified. As-fabricated and O (annealed) temper tube shall conform to the mechanical properties specified. The specimens of annealed product shall withstand the specified expansion tested as specified. Each tube shall be subjected to an eddy-current test. Tubes shall be tested normally in the fabricated temper; however, they may be tested in the annealed temper at the option of the manufacturer.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for seamless, internally enhanced copper tube, in straight lengths or coils, suitable for use in refrigeration and air-conditioning products or other heat exchangers.  
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5.1 When properly performed and interpreted, the expansion pin test will provide information with regard to the capacity of a tube for expansion and to reveal surface defects. The expansion pin test may provide data for research and development, engineering design, quality control, and acceptance or rejections in specifications.  
5.2 In certain product specifications which establish requirements for tubes of sizes greater than 4 in. (102 mm), the test described in Test Method B968/B968M may be allowed as a substitute.
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Note 1: For tubes of sizes with an inside diameter less than 0.125 in. (3.2 mm), a substitute test method must be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
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ASTM
ASTM B1017-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Seamless Copper-Iron Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for seamless copper iron tube intended for use in heat exchangers and connection lines of high-pressure air conditioning or refrigeration units.  
1.2 The tube shall be produced from the following copper alloy:    
Copper UNS No.  
C19400  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety caveat pertains only to the test method(s) described in this specification:  
1.4.1 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B1018-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Seamless Copper-Iron Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for seamless copper-iron tube intended for use in the connection, repairs, or alternations of air conditioning or refrigeration units in the field.  
1.2 The tube shall be produced from the following copper alloy:    
Copper UNS No.  
C19400  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety caveat pertains only to the test method(s) described in this specification:  
1.4.1 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B447-12a(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Welded Copper Tube

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for welded copper tube with a longitudinal seam free of filler metal produced from sheet or strip of one of the Copper UNS Nos. C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, C11000, C12000, C12200, and C14200. Copper C11000 welded tube shall not be used in applications where hydrogen embrittlement during heating is a concern. Tempers of the welded tube types are as follows: as-welded: WM50, WM02, or WM04, welded and annealed: W060 and W050, welded and cold drawn: WH00, WH02, and WH04, and fully finished: O60, O50, H55, H58, and H80. The product shall be manufactured by forming the material into a tubular shape on a suitable forming mill and welding shall be accomplished by any process that produces forge or fusion welds. The external flash of forge welded tube shall be removed by scarfing and the internal flash shall be treated by IFI (to remain in the as-welded condition), IFR (scarfing) or IFD (rolling or drawing) technique. The material shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed for copper, phosphorus, and arsenic, as determined by chemical analysis. The welded tubes shall meet the requirements specified for grain size, electrical mass resistivity, mechanical properties such as tensile strength and Rockwell hardness, dimensions, and mass. Performance requirements includes microscopical examination, hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility test, and expansion test. Requirements for tensile, electromagnetic (eddy-current), hydrostatic, and pneumatic tests are detailed.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
20.1 For purposes of determining compliance with the specified limits for requirements of the properties listed in the following table and for dimensional tolerances, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29:    
Property  
Rounded Unit for Observed or
Calculated Value  
Chemical composition  
Nearest unit in the last right-hand    
Hardness  
Significant  
Electrical Resistivity  
Digit used in expression the limiting value  
Grain size up to 0.055 mm, incl  
nearest multiple of 0.005 mm  
Tensile strength  
nearest ksi (5 MPa)  
Expansion  
Nearest 1%
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for welded copper tube with a longitudinal seam free of filler metal produced from sheet or strip of the following coppers:    
Copper UNS Nos.  
Type of Copper  
C10100  
Oxygen-free electronic  
C10200  
Oxygen-free  
C10300  
Oxygen-free, extra low phosphorus  
C10800  
Oxygen-free, low phosphorus  
C11000  
Electrolytic tough pitch  
C12000  
Phosphorus deoxidized, low residual phosphorus  
C12200  
Phosphorus deoxidized, high residual phosphorus  
C14200  
Phosphorus deoxidized, arsenical  
1.2 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, product furnished of any listed copper, with the exception of copper C11000, shall be considered acceptable.  
1.2.1 Copper C11000 welded tube shall not be used in applications where hydrogen embrittlement during heating is a concern.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard except for grain size, which is given in SI units. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following hazard caveat pertains only to Section 13 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles...

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ASTM
ASTM B698/B698M-10(2021)(Classification)
Standard Classification for Seamless Copper and Copper Alloy Plumbing Pipe and Tube

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This classification is provided to serve the needs of designers, specifiers, installers, and users of seamless copper and copper alloy plumbing tube and piping systems. It familiarizes them with the products available for such systems, giving size ranges and available materials for products listed herein. Also refer to Section 1.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers various types of seamless copper and copper alloy2 pipe and tube used for water service, distribution, and drainage. It is not a specification for the various types and alloys.  
1.2 This classification uses the standard copper designations developed and used by the copper industry.  
1.3 This classification makes no attempt to differentiate between all compositions that could be termed coppers or copper alloys, but, in conformance with general practice in the trade, includes those coppers and copper alloys commonly used in the manufacture of water service, distribution, and drainage pipe and tube.  
1.4 This classification makes no attempt to differentiate between all applications of seamless copper and copper alloy piping and tube intended for use in water service distribution and drainage.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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