ASTM F2589-16(2021)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Ornamental Fences Employing Steel Tubular Pickets
Standard Specification for Ornamental Fences Employing Steel Tubular Pickets
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the minimum requirements for coated tubular picket ornamental fence systems fabricated from black (that is, not galvanized) steel components.
1.2 The requirements of this specification do not apply to vertical bar fence systems utilizing solid bar or wrought iron materials.
1.3 The values stated with inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI values in parentheses are provided for information.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F2589 −16 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Ornamental Fences Employing Steel Tubular Pickets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2589; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
Coordinates
1.1 This specification establishes the minimum require-
D2794 Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to
ments for coated tubular picket ornamental fence systems
the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
fabricated from black (that is, not galvanized) steel compo-
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
nents.
E4 Practices for Force Calibration and Verification of Test-
1.2 The requirements of this specification do not apply to
ing Machines
vertical bar fence systems utilizing solid bar or wrought iron
F2814 Guide for Design and Construction of Ornamental
materials.
Steel Picket Fence Systems for Security Purposes
1.3 The values stated with inch-pound units are to be
3. Terminology
regardedasstandard.TheSIvaluesinparenthesesareprovided
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
for information.
3.1.1 adhesion—the bonding integrity of an organic coating
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
to the base metal substrate.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.2 corrosion resistance—the ability of an organically
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
coated metal product to resist attack due to the base metal
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
attempting to return to a more passive oxidized state.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.3 fence panel—fabricated unit consisting of rails and
pickets. Also referred to as a fence section.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.4 impact resistance—the measure of an organically
2.1 ASTM Standards:
coatedmetalproducttoresistindention;theabilityofacoating
A500 Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless
toresistcrackingorlossofadhesionduetoreformingthemetal
Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes
during bending or a shape change from abuse.
A501 Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless
3.1.5 ornamental accessory—any fitting that adds further
Carbon Steel Structural Tubing
decoration to an ornamental metal fence system including
B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
itemssuchasfinials,caps,picketcollars,rings,scrolls,orother
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
ornamental panel inserts.
Paints
3.1.6 post—vertical fence structural component that sup-
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
ports the panel in the ornamental metal fence system.
D822 Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Expo-
sures of Paint and Related Coatings
3.1.7 rail—horizontal structural component of a fence
D1654 Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or Coated
panel.
Specimens Subjected to Corrosive Environments
3.1.8 tubular picket—hollow vertical ornamental compo-
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
nent of a fence panel.
3.1.9 tubular picket ornamental metal fence system—an
1 architectural metal fence system that combines ornamental
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F14 on Fences
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F14.35 on Architectural Metal fence structural components (that is, tubular pickets, rails, and
Fence Systems.
posts) with ornamental accessories and fasteners, assembled
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally
and evaluated as a complete installed structure.
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F2589 – 16.
DOI:10.1520/F2589-16R21.
3.1.10 weathering resistance—the ability of an organically
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
coated metal product to resist loss of coating gloss or color
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
change due to excessive humidity or ultra-violet (UV) sunlight
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. exposure.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2589−16 (2021)
4. Significance and Use dinances and building codes do not limit these dimensions for
aspecificapplication,suchasmightbethecaseforpoolsafety,
4.1 The purpose of this specification is to define minimum
gate safety, or structural wind load bearing capacity. No
selection criteria and test procedures to ensure product users
sharply pointed picket tops shall be used on fences less than 4
that a tubular picket ornamental metal fence system has the
ft (1.22 m) in height.
strength necessary to withstand reasonable loads and penetra-
tion forces, and has the appropriate combination of material
NOTE 1—Fence height is a nominal value and is typically the distance
from grade to the top of the fence.
and surface protection to withstand the harmful effects of
corrosion and weathering for an extended period of time.
6.3 The spacing between pickets shall be 4 in. (101.6 mm)
or less; however, if applicable local regulations (such as may
4.2 For security applications, more definitive requirements
be applied to pool fencing, child care facility fencing, public
are listed in Guide F2814.
railing systems, or fencing adjacent to automated gates, etc.)
5. Materials and Manufacture
have more restrictive spacing requirements, then those local
regulations shall govern.
5.1 Steel material for tubular picket ornamental fence sys-
tem structural components (that is, tubular pickets, rails and
7. Workmanship
posts) shall conform to the requirements of Specifications
7.1 All ornamental metal fence system components shall be
A500 or A501 and shall have a minimum yield strength of
45 000 psi (310 MPa). produced using materials and finishes specified in Section 5,
and shall be free from defects in workmanship.
5.2 Organic Coating Materials
5.2.1 Powder coatings applied to the exterior surface of
8. Testing – Structural
fence components shall be polymer material: polyester or
8.1 Structural Test Method A – Application of Horizontal
epoxy and polyester combinations having a minimum thick-
Concentrated Load
ness of 3 mils; polyolefin elastomer having a minimum
8.1.1 Installation of Test Specimen—One line of fence with
thickness of 7 mils; or PVC having a minimum thickness of 10
a minimum of three panels of the fence system to be tested
mils.
shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s speci-
5.2.2 Wet coating applied to the exterior surface of fence
fications and drawings. Selection of the test specimen should
components shall be a two-coat paint application system (one
consider the maximum range of styles and sizes to be certified
coat of epoxy, polyester, or polyurethane primer; one coat of
(see Section 10).
polyester, polyurethane, or acrylic liquid) with the total com-
8.1.2 Apparatus
bined coating having a minimum thickness of 2 mils.
8.1.2.1 Testing Machine—Any testing machine or loading
5.3 Fittings, fasteners, and decorative accessories for orna-
device, capable of imposing forces accurate to within 61%,
mental steel fence systems shall be manufactured with a
when calibrated in accordance with Practices E4, is suitable
material and finish coating that meets the same protective
andmaybeused,providedtherequirementsofspecifiedrateof
coating performance requirements as required for panels and
loading and unloading are met. The testing device shall be of
posts.
sufficient capacity to prevent yielding of its various compo-
nents and shall ensure that the applied load remains essentially
6. Physical Dimensions
parallel to the relevant axis of the assembly during testing.
6.1 Cross-section and thickness dimensional requirements
8.1.2.2 Test System—A diagrammatic test set-up for apply-
for ornamental metal fence structural components shall be as
ing horizontal tension forces to the assembly is shown in Fig.
specified by the manufacturer, provided that the performance
1.The bearing plate, normally 6-in. (150-mm) long, shall be of
criteria of Section 8 are met. Table 1 is provided as a guideline
sufficient size to prevent local failure of the surrounding
to show nominal values typically used for residential,
structuralmembersorcomponents.Theloadingdeviceshallbe
commercial, and industrial applications.
attached to the assembly by means of pins or a swivel
6.2 Fence height and space between rails may vary in connector to prevent the direct transfer of any flexural forces
accordance with manufacturer’s standards, provided local or- through the connection.
TABLE 1 Nominal Sizes for Ornamental Fence Structural Components
Application Component Typical Cross-Section Wall Thickness
5 5
Picket ⁄8 in. by ⁄8 in. (15.9 mm by 15.9 mm) 18 Ga.
Residential Rail 1 in. by 1 in. (25.4 mm by 25.4 mm) 18 Ga.
Post 2 in. by 2 in. (50.8 mm by 50.8 mm) 16 Ga.
3 3
Picket ⁄4 in. by ⁄4 in. (19.0 mm by 19.0 mm) 16 Ga.
3 1 1 1
Commercial Rail 1 ⁄8 in. by 1 ⁄2 in. (44.4 mm by 38.1 mm) or 1 ⁄2 in. by 1 ⁄2 in. (38.1 mm by 38.1 mm) 14 Ga.
1 1
Post 2 ⁄2 in. by 2 ⁄2 in. (63.5 mm by 63.5 mm) 14 Ga.
Picket 1 in. by 1 in. (25.4 mm by 25.4 mm) 16 Ga.
3 1 1 1
Industrial Rail 1 ⁄8 in. by 1 ⁄2 in. (44.4 mm by 38.1 mm) or 1 ⁄2 in. by 1 ⁄2 in. (38.1 mm by 38.1 mm) 14 Ga.
Post 3 in. by 3 in. (76.2 mm by 76.2 mm) 12 Ga.
F2589−16 (2021)
FIG. 1Test Set-Up for Application of Horizontal Concentrated Load
8.1.2.3 Deflection Measurements—Dial gauges, having a full bearing. Reduce load to 25 % of the required test load
smallest division of not more than 0.01 in. (0.25 mm), or any (50 % of the preload), and observe the initial deflection. The
suitable measurement devices or calibrated sensors of at least deflection at this initial test load shall be the base point for
comparable accuracy and sensitivity shall be used to measure subsequent deflection readings.
the horizontal displacements of the top rail relative to its 8.1.4.2 Step Load Application—Once the initial deflection
originallocationateachloadingpointpriortoloadapplication. point has been established, load application shall proceed at a
These devices shall have sufficient measurement capability to uniform rate (see 8.1.4.3) to the required test load, held for a
indicate the displacement throughout the test range. minimum of one minute, and released to the initial load, where
8.1.3 Procedure the final deflection shall be determined (by subtracting the
8.1.3.1 Positioning—Position the test stand in such a way deflectionreadingatinitialtestloadfromthedeflectionreading
that the load is applied, as shown in Fig. 1, to the structural at the required test load) for comparison with the maximum
member perpendicular to the plane of the fence system without allowable residual deflection in Table 2. If more detailed
causing any local failure at the point of load application. information on deformation rate versus load application is
8.1.3.2 Mounting of Instruments—Mount the dial gauge, desired, the load may be applied in constant-level steps to the
measurement device, or sensor at the loading point as is shown required test load instead of the single step load application.
inFig.1.Placethesensingelementoftheinstrumentincontact For multiple step loads, each step (equal to approximately
with and normal to the surface or an extension of the surface of 15 % of the required test load) should be released to the initial
the top rail of the fence system being tested in such a way as test load for observation of the corresponding residual deflec-
to measure displacement in the direction of the applied load. tion. The initial and incremental readings of the force and
8.1.4 Load Application deflectiongaugesateachloadpointcanthenberecordedinthe
8.1.4.1 Initial Load Application—Apply an initial load cor- form of load-deformation curves.
responding to 50 % of the required test load (see Table 2) for 8.1.4.3 Rate of Loading—The rate of loading between
a minimum of two minutes in order to bring all members into increments shall be uniform throughout the test and such that
TABLE 2 Required Test Load Capabilities
Required Test Required Test Required Test Required Test
Load - Method A Load - Method B Load - Method C Load - Method D
Class (Based on Residual (Based on Residual (Based on Residual (Based on Residual
Deflection Less Than Deflection Less Than Deflection Less Than Deflection Less Than
A
1 1 1 1
⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm)
Industrial 300 lbf (1330 N) 400 lbf (1780 N) 100 lbf (440 N) 100 lbf (440 N)
Commercial 200 lbf (890 N) 300 lbf (1330 N) 75 lbf (330 N) 75 lbf (330 N)
Residential 100 lbf (440 N) 200 lbf (890 N) 50 lbf (220 N) 50 lbf (220 N)
A
Capability also requires that the test cone never penetrates beyond the tapered portion during any step load increment including the required test load.
F2589−16 (2021)
the load is applied at a constant rate of deformation of 0.20 6 be attached to the assembly by means of pins or a swivel
0.10 in. (5.0 6 2.5 mm) per minute. If this rate of loading connector to prevent the direct transfer of any flexural forces
cannotbeachievedbecauseofthetypeoftestingmachineused through the connection.
or the equipment available, the rate of loading shall be as near 8.2.2.3 Deflection Measurements—One dial gauge, having a
to that required in this subsection. smallest division of not more than 0.01 in. (0.25 mm), or any
suitable measurement device or calibrated sensor of at least
8.2 Structural Test Method B—Application of Vertical Con-
comparable accuracy and sensitivity shall be used to measure
centrated Load
the vertical displacements of the top rail relative to the original
8.2.1 Installation of Test Specimen—A minimum of one
location at the loading point after release of the preload.
panel of the fence system to be tested shall be installed in
8.2.3 Procedure
accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and draw-
8.2.3.1 Positioning—Position the test frame (or moveable
ings. Selection of the test specimen should consider the
head of testing machine) in such a way that the load is applied,
maximum range of styles and sizes to be certified (see Se
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