ASTM D5662-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Automotive Gear Oil Compatibility with Typical Oil Seal Elastomers
Standard Test Method for Determining Automotive Gear Oil Compatibility with Typical Oil Seal Elastomers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
There are several major causes of automotive lubricant-related seal failures. This test method addresses only those failures caused by excessive elastomer hardening, elongation loss, and volume swell and attempts to determine the likelihood that an oil might cause premature sealing system failures in field use. This test method may be used as a requirement of a performance specification, such as Specification D 5760 and J2360.
Another major cause of seal failure is the formation of carbon, varnish, and sludge-like deposits on the seal lip. The deposit-forming characteristics of automotive gear oils are evaluated in Test Method D 5704. That procedure is intended in part to evaluate the potential for oils to cause premature seal failure in field service.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the compatibility of automotive gear oils with specific nitrile, polyacrylate, and fluoroelastomer oil seal materials.
1.2 Users of this test method should obtain Test Methods D 412, D 471, and D 2240 and become familiar with their use before proceeding with this test method.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5662–09
Standard Test Method for
Determining Automotive Gear Oil Compatibility with Typical
1
Oil Seal Elastomers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5662; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Determine Conformance with Specifications
4
2
2.2 SAE Standard:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the
J2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric) Military
compatibility of automotive gear oils with specific nitrile,
Use
polyacrylate, and fluoroelastomer oil seal materials.
1.2 Users of this test method should obtain Test Methods
3. Terminology
D412, D471, and D2240 and become familiar with their use
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
before proceeding with this test method.
3.1.1 dumbbell, n—the specific cut shape (Die C) of an
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
elastomerasexplainedinthesectionondumbbellspecimensin
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Test Methods D412.
standard.
3.1.2 formulation, n—the specific chemical composition
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
used in manufacturing a seal elastomer or a reference oil.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.3 percent ultimate elongation, n—the stretch length at
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
rupture of an elastomer dumbbell oil-aged by running this
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
procedure minus the rupture stretch length of an untested
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
dumbbell, all divided by rupture stretch length of the untested
2. Referenced Documents dumbbell and then multiplied by 100.
3
3.1.4 percent volume change, n—the change in volume of a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
test specimen as explained in the procedure for change in
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-
volume in Test Method D471.
plastic Elastomers—Tension
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
4. Summary of Test Method
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer
4.1 Non-referenceoilsaretestedusingamodifiedversionof
Hardness
Test Method D471 on specific elastomer compounds. Mea-
D5704 Test Method for Evaluation of the Thermal and
sured quantities are percent ultimate elongation changes (fur-
Oxidative Stability of Lubricating Oils Used for Manual
ther referred to as just percent elongation changes), durometer
Transmissions and Final Drive Axles
Type A hardness changes, and percent volume changes. Ref-
D5760 Specification for Performance of Manual Transmis-
erenceoilsarerunconcurrentlyinthesameoilbathtomeasure
sion Gear Lubricants
consistency from one test to another.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
4.2 The duration of these tests is 240 h. The reference oils
5
are available from theASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC).
The seal materials are available through a Central Parts
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on 6
Distributor (CPD).
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
5. Significance and Use
Current edition approved April 15, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5662–08a. DOI:
5.1 There are several major causes of automotive lubricant-
10.1520/D5662-09.
related seal failures. This test method addresses only those
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters; these can
beobtainedfromtheASTMTestMonitoringCenter,6555PennAve.,Pittsburgh,Pa
4
15206–4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions in all Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
Information Letters through No. 07–2. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
3 5
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or ReferenceoilsareavailablefromtheASTMTestMonitoringCenter,6555Penn
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489.
6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The Central Parts Distributor for this procedure isTest Engineering Inc., 12758
the ASTM website. Cimarron Path, Suite 102, San Antonio, TX 78249.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D5662–08a Designation:D5662–09
Standard Test Method for
Determining Automotive Gear Oil Compatibility with Typical
1
Oil Seal Elastomers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5662; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the compatibility of automotive gear oils with specific nitrile, polyacrylate,
and fluoroelastomer oil seal materials.
1.2 Users of this test method should obtain Test Methods D 412, D 471, and D 2240 and become familiar with their use before
proceeding with this test method.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersTension
D 471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of Liquids
D 2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hardness
D 5704 Test Method for Evaluation of theThermal and Oxidative Stability of Lubricating Oils Used for ManualTransmissions
and Final Drive Axles
D 5760 Specification for Performance of Manual Transmission Gear Lubricants
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
4
2.2 SAE Standard:
J2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric) Military Use
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 dumbbell, n—the specific cut shape (Die C) of an elastomer as explained in the section on dumbbell specimens in Test
Methods D 412.
3.1.2 formulation, n—the specific chemical composition used in manufacturing a seal elastomer or a reference oil.
3.1.3 percent ultimate elongation, n—the stretch length at rupture of an elastomer dumbbell oil-aged by running this procedure
minus the rupture stretch length of an untested dumbbell, all divided by rupture stretch length of the untested dumbbell and then
multiplied by 100.
3.1.4 percent volume change, n—the change in volume of a test specimen as explained in the procedure for change in volume
in Test Method D 471.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Non-reference oils are tested using a modified version of Test Method D 471 on specific elastomer compounds. Measured
quantities are percent ultimate elongation changes (further referred to as just percent elongation changes), durometer Type A
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.03
on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
Current edition approved Dec.April 15, 2008.2009. Published JanuaryJune 2009. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D 5662–08a.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters; these can be
obtained from theASTMTest Monitoring Center, 6555 PennAve., Pittsburgh, Pa 15206–4489.Attention:Administrator.This edition incorporates revisions in all Information
Letters through No. 07–2.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D5662–09
hardness changes, and percent volume changes. Reference oils are run concurrently in the same oil bath to measure consistency
from one test to another.
5
4.2 The duration of these tests is 240 h. The reference oils are available from theASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC). The
6
seal materials are available through a Central Parts Distributor (CPD).
5. Sign
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