ASTM D5704-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final Drive Axles
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final Drive Axles
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method measures the tendency of automotive manual transmission and final drive lubricants to deteriorate under high-temperature conditions, resulting in thick oil, sludge, carbon and varnish deposits, and the formation of corrosive products. This deterioration can lead to serious equipment performance problems, including, in particular, seal failures due to deposit formation at the shaft-seal interface. This test method is used to screen lubricants for problematic additives and base oils with regard to these tendencies.
This test method is used or referred to in the following documents:
American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1560-Lubricant Service Designations for Automotive Manual Transmissions, Manual Transaxles, and Axles,
STP-512A–Laboratory Performance Tests for Automotive Gear Lubricants Intended for API GL-5 Service,
SAE J308-Information Report on Axle and Manual Transmission Lubricants, and
U.S. Military Specification MIL-L-2105D.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1 test. It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, and deposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual transmission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to high-temperature oxidizing conditions.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except for the catalyst weight loss and oil weight measurements, for which the unit is gram; the oil volume, for which the unit is millilitre; the alternator output, for which the unit is watt; and the air flow, for which the unit is milligram per minute. The other SI values, which are in parentheses, are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A3.
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Designation: D 5704 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of
Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final
1
Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
ity)
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1
2
D664 TestMethodforAcidNumberofPetroleumProducts
test. It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, and
by Potentiometric Titration
deposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual trans-
D893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils
mission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
high-temperature oxidizing conditions.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
as the standard except for the catalyst weight loss and oil
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
weight measurements, for which the unit is gram; the oil
4
2.2 ANSI Standard:
volume, for which the unit is millilitre; the alternator output,
ANSI/ISA-S7.3 Quality Standard for Instrument Air
for which the unit is watt; and the air flow, for which the unit
5
2.3 Military Specification:
is milligram per minute. The other SI values, which are in
MIL-L-2105D Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
parentheses, are for information only.
6
2.4 ASTM Adjuncts:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Engineering Drawings
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1 Definitions:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
3.1.1 carbon, n—in manual transmissions and final drive
information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A3.
axles, a hard, dry, generally black or gray deposit that can be
2. Referenced Documents removed by solvents but not by wiping with a cloth.
3 3.1.2 lubricant, n—in manual transmission and final drive
2.1 ASTM Standards:
axles, lubricating oil.
B224 Classification of Coppers
3.1.3 sludge, n—in manual transmissions and final drive
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
axles,adepositprincipallycomposedofthelubricatingoiland
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
oxidation products that do not drain from parts but can be
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
removed by wiping with a cloth.
3.1.4 thermal and oxidative stability, n—in lubricating oils
1
used for manual transmissions and final drive axles, a lack of
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
deterioration of the lubricating oil under high-temperature
D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
conditions that is observed as viscosity increase of the lubri-
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
catingoil,insolublesformationinthelubricatingoil,ordeposit
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5704–07.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center formation on the parts, or a combination thereof.
(TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters.
Information Letters may be obtained from theASTMTest Monitoring Center, 6555
Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition
4
incorporates revisions in all Information Letters through 07–1.TheTMC is also the Joint standard ofANSI/ISA.Available from Instrument Society ofAmerica, 67
source of reference oils. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12277, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
3 5
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Detailed drawings necessary for rig construction. Available from ASTM
the ASTM website. International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD5704A.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5704–08
3.1.5 varni
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D5704–07 Designation: D 5704 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of
Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final
1
Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
2
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1 test. It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, and
deposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual transmission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to
high-temperature oxidizing conditions.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except for the catalyst weight loss and oil weight
measurements, for which the unit is gram; the oil volume, for which the unit is millilitre; the alternator output, for which the unit
is watt; and the air flow, for which the unit is milligram per minute. The other SI values, which are in parentheses, are for
information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A3.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B224 Classification of Coppers
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
4
2.2 ANSI Standard:
ANSI/ISA-S7.3 Quality Standard for Instrument Air
5
2.3 Military Specification:
MIL-L-2105D Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
6
2.4 ASTM Adjuncts:
Engineering Drawings
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 carbon, n—in manual transmissions and final drive axles,ahard,dry,generallyblackorgraydepositthatcanberemoved
by solvents but not by wiping with a cloth.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.03
on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published May 2007. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5704–06.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5704–07.
2
Untilthenextrevisionofthistestmethod,theASTMTestMonitoringCenter(TMC)willupdatechangesinthistestmethodbymeansofInformationLetters.Information
Letters may be obtained from theASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 PennAve., Pittsburgh, PA15206-4489.Attention:Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions
in all Information Letters through 06–2.07–1. The TMC is also the source of reference oils.
3
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Joint standard of ANSI/ISA. Available from Instrument Society of America, 67 Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12277, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
5
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
6
Detailed drawings necessary for rig construction. Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD5704A.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5704–08
3.1.2 lubricant, n—in manual transmission and final drive axles, lubricating oil.
3.1.3 sludge, n—in manual transmissions and final drive axles, a deposit principally composed of the lubricating oil and
oxidation products that do not
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D5704–07 Designation: D 5704 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of
Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final
1
Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
2
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1 test. It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, and
deposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual transmission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to
high-temperature oxidizing conditions.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except for the catalyst weight loss and oil weight
measurements, for which the unit is gram; the oil volume, for which the unit is millilitre; the alternator output, for which the unit
is watt; and the air flow, for which the unit is milligram per minute. The other SI values, which are in parentheses, are for
information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A3.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B224 Classification of Coppers
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
4
2.2 ANSI Standard:
ANSI/ISA-S7.3 Quality Standard for Instrument Air
5
2.3 Military Specification:
MIL-L-2105D Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
6
2.4 ASTM Adjuncts:
Engineering Drawings
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 carbon, n—in manual transmissions and final drive axles,ahard,dry,generallyblackorgraydepositthatcanberemoved
by solvents but not by wiping with a cloth.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.03
on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published May 2007. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5704–06.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5704–07.
2
Untilthenextrevisionofthistestmethod,theASTMTestMonitoringCenter(TMC)willupdatechangesinthistestmethodbymeansofInformationLetters.Information
Letters may be obtained from theASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 PennAve., Pittsburgh, PA15206-4489.Attention:Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions
in all Information Letters through 06–2.07–1. The TMC is also the source of reference oils.
3
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Joint standard of ANSI/ISA. Available from Instrument Society of America, 67 Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12277, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
5
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
6
Detailed drawings necessary for rig construction. Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD5704A.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5704–08
3.1.2 lubricant, n—in manual transmission and final drive axles, lubricating oil.
3.1.3 sludge, n—in manual transmissions and final drive axles, a deposit principally composed of the lubricating oil and
oxidation products that do not
...
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