ASTM F593-02(2008)e1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, and Studs
Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, and Studs
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
For the purposes of determining compliance with the specified limits for properties listed in this specification, an observed value or calculated value shall be rounded in accordance with Practice E29.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for stainless steel bolts, hex cap screws, and studs 0.25 to 1.50 in., inclusive, in nominal diameter in a number of alloys in common use and intended for service applications requiring general corrosion resistance.
1.2 Seven groups of stainless steel alloys are covered, including twelve austenitic, two ferritic, four martensitic, and one precipitation hardening.
Group
AlloysA
ConditionB
1 304, 305, 384, 304 L, (CW) cold workedC 18-9LW, 302HQD 2 316, 316 L (CW) cold workedC 3 321, 347 (CW) cold workedC 4 430E (CW) cold workedC 5 410F (H) hardened and tempered 6 431 (H) hardened and tempered 7 630 (AH) age hardened
A Unless otherwise specified on the inquiry and order, the choice of an alloy from within a group shall be at the discretion of the fastener manufacturer (see 6.1).
B See 4.2 for options.
C Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may be hot worked and solution annealed.
D When approved by the purchaser, Alloys 303, 303Se, or XM1 may be furnished.
E When approved by the purchaser, Alloy 430F may be furnished.
F When approved by the purchaser, Alloys 416 or 416Se may be furnished.
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided, applicable only when agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of the inquiry and order.
1.4 Suitable nuts for use with bolts, hex cap screws, and studs included in this specification are covered by Specification F594. Unless otherwise specified, all nuts used on these fasteners shall conform to the requirements of Specification F594, shall be of the same alloy group, and shall have a specified minimum proof stress equal to or greater than the specified minimum full-size tensile strength of the externally threaded fastener.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:F593 −02(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Specification for
Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, and Studs
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF593;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
´ NOTE—1.4 and 2.1 were editorially corrected in January 2012.
1. Scope specified minimum proof stress equal to or greater than the
specified minimum full-size tensile strength of the externally
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for stainless
threaded fastener.
steelbolts,hexcapscrews,andstuds0.25to1.50in.,inclusive,
in nominal diameter in a number of alloys in common use and 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
intended for service applications requiring general corrosion as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
resistance. conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.2 Seven groups of stainless steel alloys are covered,
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
including twelve austenitic, two ferritic, four martensitic, and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
one precipitation hardening.
A B responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Group Alloys Condition
C
1 304, 305, 384, 304 L, (CW) cold worked priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D
18-9LW, 302HQ
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
C
2 316, 316 L (CW) cold worked
C
3 321, 347 (CW) cold worked
2. Referenced Documents
E C
4 430 (CW) cold worked
F
5 410 (H) hardened and tempered
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6 431 (H) hardened and tempered
A262Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
7 630 (AH) age hardened
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A
Unless otherwise specified on the inquiry and order, the choice of an alloy from A276Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
within a group shall be at the discretion of the fastener manufacturer (see 6.1).
A342/A342MTest Methods for Permeability of Feebly
B
See 4.2 for options.
C Magnetic Materials
Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may be hot worked and solution annealed.
D
Whenapprovedbythepurchaser,Alloys303,303Se,orXM1maybefurnished. A380Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of
E
When approved by the purchaser, Alloy 430F may be furnished.
Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems
F
When approved by the purchaser, Alloys 416 or 416Se may be furnished.
A484/A484MSpecification for General Requirements for
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
provided, applicable only when agreed upon between the
A493Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of the inquiry and
for Cold Heading and Cold Forging
order.
A555/A555MSpecification for General Requirements for
1.4 Suitable nuts for use with bolts, hex cap screws, and Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
A564/A564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-
studsincludedinthisspecificationarecoveredbySpecification
Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
F594. Unless otherwise specified, all nuts used on these
A582/A582MSpecification for Free-Machining Stainless
fasteners shall conform to the requirements of Specification
Steel Bars
F594, shall be of the same alloy group, and shall have a
A751Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
cal Analysis of Steel Products
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.04 on Nonferrous
Fasteners. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published August 2008. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ϵ2
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F593–02 . DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F0593-02R08E01. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
F593−02(Reapproved 2008)
A967Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments for
´1
F593−02 (2008)
Stainless Steel Parts 4.2 Condition—The fasteners shall be furnished in the
D3951Practice for Commercial Packaging followingconditions,unlessspecifiedtobefurnishedinoneof
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to the optional conditions:
Determine Conformance with Specifications
Condition Furnished Unless Optional Conditions (must
Alloy Group Otherwise Specified be specified)
F594Specification for Stainless Steel Nuts
1, 2, 3 CW AF, A, SH
F606Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Proper-
4CW A
ties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
5H HT
6H HT
Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
7 AH none
F1470Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-
A— Machined from annealed or solution-annealed stock thus retaining the
chanical Properties and Performance Inspection
properties of the original material; or hot-formed and solution annealed.
AF— Headed and rolled from annealed stock and then reannealed.
2.2 ASME Standards:
AH— Solution-annealed and age-hardened after forming.
B1.1Unified Inch Screw Threads
CW— Headed and rolled from annealed stock thus acquiring a degree of cold
B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Including Hex work. Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may be hot-worked and solution-
annealed.
Cap Screws
H— Hardened and tempered at 1050°F (565°C) minimum.
HT— Hardened and tempered at 525°F (274°C) minimum.
3. Ordering Information SH— Machined from strain-hardened stock or cold-worked to develop the
specific properties.
3.1 Orders for bolts, hex cap screws, and studs under this
specification shall include the following:
5. Heat Treatment
3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of each item and size),
5.1 Alloy Groups 1, 2, and 3 (Austenitic Alloys 303, 303Se,
3.1.2 Name of item (bolt, hex cap screw, stud, etc.),
304, 304 L, 305, 316, 316 L, 321, 347, 384, XM1, 18-9LW, and
3.1.3 Size (nominal diameter, threads per inch, length; see
302HQ):
Section 9),
5.1.1 Condition A—When Condition A is specified, the
3.1.4 Alloy group number (see 6.1), and
austenitic alloys shall be heated to 1900 6 50°F (1038 6
3.1.5 Condition (see 4.2).
28°C), at which time the chromium carbide will go into the
3.2 Orders for bolts, hex cap screws, and studs under this
solution, be held for a sufficient time, and then be cooled at a
specification may include the following optional requirements:
rate sufficient to prevent precipitation of the carbide and to
3.2.1 Forming (see 4.1.2),
provide the specified properties.
3.2.2 Rolled or cut threads (see 4.1.3),
5.1.2 Condition CW—When Condition CW is specified, the
3.2.3 Composition (see 6.2),
austenitic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with 5.1.1,
3.2.4 Corrosion Resistance (see 8.1),
generally by the raw material manufacturer and then cold
3.2.5 Finish (see 10.3),
worked to develop the specified properties.
3.2.6 Rejection (see 16.1), and
5.1.3 Condition AF—When Condition AF is specified, the
3.2.7 Test report (see 17.2).
austenitic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with 5.1.1
3.2.8 Supplementaryrequirements,ifany,tobespecifiedon
after all cold working (including heading and threading) has
the order (see S1 through S8), and
been completed.
3.2.9 ASTM specification and year of issue. When year of
5.2 Alloy Group 4 (Ferritic Alloys 430 and 430F):
issue is not specified, fasteners shall be furnished to the latest
5.2.1 Condition A—The ferritic alloys shall be heated to a
issue.
temperature of 1450 6 50°F (788 6 28°C), held for an
NOTE 1—Example 10000 pieces, Hex Cap Screw, 0.250 in. −20 × 3.00
appropriate time, and then air cooled to provide the specified
in., Alloy Group 1, Condition CW, Furnish Test Report, Supplementary
properties.
Requirement S3.
5.2.2 Condition CW—When Condition CW is specified, the
ferritic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with 5.2.1,
4. Manufacture
generally by the raw material manufacturer and then cold
4.1 Manufacture:
worked to develop the specified properties.
4.1.1 Specifications A276, A493, A564/A564M, and A582/
5.2.3 Condition AF—When Condition AF is specified, the
A582M are noted for information only as suitable sources of
ferritic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with 5.2.1 after
materialforthemanufactureofbolts,hexcapscrews,andstuds
all cold working (including heading and threading) has been
to this specification.
completed.
4.1.2 Forming—Unless otherwise specified, the fasteners
shall be cold formed, hot formed, or machined from suitable
5.3 Alloy Group 5 (Martensitic Alloys 410, 416, and 416Se):
material at the option of the manufacturer.
5.3.1 Condition H—When Condition H is specified, the
4.1.3 Threads—Unlessotherwisespecified,thethreadsshall
MartensiticAlloys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened and
be rolled or cut at the option of the manufacturer.
tempered by heating to 1850 6 50°F (1010 6 28°C) sufficient
for austenitization, held for at least ⁄2 h and rapid air- or
oil-quenched, and then reheating to 1050°F (565°C) minimum
for at least 1 h and air cooled to provide the specified
Available from Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way, East
Englewood, CO 80112-5704, http://www.global.ihs.com. properties.
´1
F593−02 (2008)
5.3.2 Condition HT—When Condition HT is specified, the
A
Whenapprovedbythepurchaser,Alloys303,303Se,orXM1maybefurnished.
MartensiticAlloys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened and
B
When approved by the purchaser, Alloy 430F may be furnished.
tempered by heating to 1850 6 50°F (1010 6 28°C) sufficient
C
When approved by the purchaser, Alloys 416 or 416Se may be furnished.
for austenitization, held for at least ⁄2 h and rapid air- or
oil-quenched, and then reheating to 525°F (274°C) minimum
for at least 1 h and air cooled to provide the specified 6.2 Chemical Composition Limits:
properties. 6.2.1 Ordering by Alloy Group—Unless otherwise specified
on the inquiry and order (see Supplementary Requirement S4),
5.4 Alloy Group 6 (Martensitic Alloy 431):
the choice of an alloy from within a group shall be at the
5.4.1 Conditions H and HT—MartensiticAlloy 431 shall be
discretion of the fastener manufacturer as required by his
hardened and tempered in accordance with 5.3.1 and 5.3.2 as
method of fastener fabrication and material availability. The
applicable.
specificalloyusedbythefastenermanufacturershallbeclearly
5.5 Alloy Group 7 (Precipitation Hardening Alloy 630):
identified on any certification required by the order and shall
5.5.1 Condition AH—Precipitation Hardening Alloy 630
have a chemical composition conforming to the requirements
shallbesolutionannealedandagedbyheatingto1900 625°F
of Table 1 for the specific alloy.
(1038 6 14°C) for at least ⁄2 h and rapidair- or oil-quenched
6.2.2 Ordering by Specific Alloy—When ordered by a spe-
to 80°F (27°C) maximum, then reheating to a temperature of
cific alloy number, the fasteners shall conform to the chemical
1150 615°F(621 68°C)for4handaircooledtoprovidethe
composition limits of Table 1 for the specific alloy.
specified properties.
6.3 Product Analysis:
6.3.1 When performed, product analysis to determine
6. Chemical Composition
chemical composition shall be performed on at least one fully
6.1 Alloy Groups—It is the intent of this specification that
manufactured finished fastener representing each lot. The
fasteners shall be ordered by alloy group numbers, which
chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the
include alloys considered to be chemically equivalent for
requirementsofTable1forthespecifiedalloyoralloygroupas
generalpurposeuse.Thealloygroupingsareshownasfollows.
appropriate, subject to the Product Analysis Tolerance in
The purchaser has the option of ordering a specific alloy, in
Specifications A484/A484M and A555/A555M.
stead of an alloy group number, as permitted in 6.2.2.
6.3.2 In the event of discrepancy, a referee chemical analy-
Alloy Group Alloys
sis of samples from each lot shall be made in accordance with
A
1 304, 304 L, 305, 384, 18-9LW, 302HQ
14.1.
2 316, 316 L
3 321, 347
B
4 430
7. Mechanical Properties
C
5 410
6 431
7.1 The finished fasteners shall meet the applicable me-
7 630
chanical property and test requirements of Table 2 and Table 3
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Alloy UNS Alloy Composition, % maximum except as shown
Group Designa-
Carbon Manga- Phos- Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Copper Molybdenum Others
tion
nese phorus
Austenitic Alloys
A
1 S30300 303 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.15 min 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.0 . . . 0.60 max .
1 S30323 303 Se 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.060 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.0 . . . . . . Se 0.15 min
1 S30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to 20.0 8.0 to 10.5 1.00 . . . . . .
1 S30403 304 L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to 20.0 8.0 to 12.0 1.00 . . . . . .
1 S30500 305 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 10.5 to 13.0 1.00 . . . . . .
A
1 S38400 384 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 15.0 to 17.0 17.0 to 19.0 . . . 0.50 max .
1 S20300 XM1 0.08 5.0 to 6.5 0.040 0.18 to 0.35 1.00 16.0 to 18.0 5.0 to 6.5 1.75 to 2.25 . . . . . .
1 S30430 18–9LW 0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.0 3.0 to 4.0 . . . . . .
1 S30433 302HQ 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.0 3.0 to 4.0 . . . . . .
2 S31600 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to 18.0 10.0 to 14.0 . . . 2.00 to 3.00 . . .
2 S31603 316 L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to 18.0 10.0 to 14.0 . . . 2.00 to 3.00 . . .
3 S32100 321 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 9.0 to 12.0 . . . . . . Ti 5× C min
3 S34700 347 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 9.0 to 13.0 . . . . . . Cb+Ta 10×Cmin
Ferritic Alloys
4 S43000 430 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.0 to 18.0
... ... ...
A
4 S43020 430F 0.12 1.25 0.060 0.15 min 1.00 16.0 to 18.0 0.60 max
Martensitic Alloys
5 S41000 410 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5 to 13.5
5 S41600 416 0.15 1.25 0.060 0.15 min 1.00 12.0 to 14.0 . .
A
0.60 max
5 S41623 416Se 0.15 1.25 0.060 0.060 1.00 12.0 to 14.0 Se 0.15 min
6 S43100 431 0.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.0 to 17.0 1.25 to 2.50 . . . . . . . . .
Precipitation Hardening Alloy
7 S17400 630 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.0 to 17.5 3.0 to 5.0 3.0 to 5.0 . . . Cb+Ta 0.15–0.45
A
At manufacturer’s option, determined only when intentionally added.
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