ASTM D1267-02(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Gage Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)
Standard Test Method for Gage Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Information on the vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas products under temperature conditions from 37.8 to 70°C (100 to 158°F) is pertinent to selection of properly designed storage vessels, shipping containers, and customer utilization equipment to ensure safe handling of these products.
Determination of the vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gas is important for safety reasons to ensure that the maximum operating design pressures of storage, handling, and fuel systems will not be exceeded under normal operating temperature conditions.
For liquefied petroleum gases, vapor pressure is an indirect measure of the most extreme low temperature conditions under which initial vaporization can be expected to occur. It can be considered a semi-quantitative measure of the amount of the most volatile material present in the product.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gage vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas products at temperatures of 37.8°C (100°F) up to and including a test temperature of 70°C (158°F).
1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 3.2.1 and Annex A2.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D1267 −02(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Gage Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
(LP-Gas Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1267; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.1 liquefied petroleum gases—narrow boiling range hy-
drocarbon mixtures consisting chiefly of propane or propylene,
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gage
or both, (Warning—Extremely flammable. Harmful when
vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas products at tem-
inhaled.) butanes and butylenes, or both, in which the content
peratures of 37.8°C (100°F) up to and including a test
of hydrocarbon compounds of higher boiling point than 0°C
temperature of 70°C (158°F).
(32°F) is less than 5 % by liquid volume, and whose gage
1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be
vapor pressure at 37.8°C (100°F) is not greater than approxi-
regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for
mately 1550 kPa (225 psi).
information only.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 4.1 The test apparatus, consisting of two interconnected
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- chambersandequippedwithasuitablepressuregage,ispurged
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- with a portion of the sample which is then discarded. The
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard apparatus is then filled completely with the portion of the
statements, see 3.2.1 and Annex A2. sample to be tested. Thirty-three and one-third to forty volume
percent of the sample content of the apparatus is immediately
2. Referenced Documents
withdrawn to provide adequate free space for product expan-
sion. The apparatus is then immersed in a water bath main-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tained at the standard test temperature of 37.8°C (100°F) or,
D323 TestMethodforVaporPressureofPetroleumProducts
optionally, at some higher test temperature up to and including
(Reid Method)
a test temperature of 70°C (158°F).
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP)
Gases, Manual Method
4.2 The observed gage pressure at equilibrium, after cor-
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
recting for gage error and correcting to a standard barometric
2.2 Institute of Petroleum Standard:
pressure, is reported as the LPG Vapor Pressure at the selected
IP 181 Sampling Petroleum Gases
test temperature.
5. Significance and Use
3. Terminology
5.1 Information on the vapor pressures of liquefied petro-
3.1 Definitions:
leum gas products under temperature conditions from 37.8 to
3.1.1 vapor pressure—thepressureexertedbythevaporofa
70°C (100 to 158°F) is pertinent to selection of properly
liquid when in equilibrium with the liquid.
designed storage vessels, shipping containers, and customer
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
utilizationequipmenttoensuresafehandlingoftheseproducts.
5.2 Determination of the vapor pressure of liquefied petro-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
leum gas is important for safety reasons to ensure that the
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
maximum operating design pressures of storage, handling, and
D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
fuel systems will not be exceeded under normal operating
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originally
approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1267–02. DOI:
temperature conditions.
10.1520/D1267-02R07.
5.3 For liquefied petroleum gases, vapor pressure is an
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
indirect measure of the most extreme low temperature condi-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
tionsunderwhichinitialvaporizationcanbeexpectedtooccur.
the ASTM website.
It can be considered a semi-quantitative measure of the amount
Available from Applied Science Publishers, Ripple Rd., Barking, Essex,
England of the most volatile material present in the product.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1267−02 (2007)
6. Apparatus As soon as the apparatus attains essentially the same pressure
as the pressure of the sample source, momentarily open the
6.1 Vapor Pressure Apparatus, constructed as illustrated in
bleeder valve. If liquid does not promptly emerge, repeat the
Fig. A1.1, and the various items of auxiliary equipment, are
purging step (9.2). If liquid appears immediately, close the
completely described in Annex A1.
bleeder and inlet valves in that order (Note 1). Close the valve
6.2 The vapor chamber of Test Method D323, may be
on the sample source, and disconnect the sampling line.
interchangeable with the upper chamber of this method.
Immediately close the straight-through valve between the two
Similarly, the liquid chamber (two-opening type) of Test
chambers and open the inlet valve, with the apparatus in an
Method D323 is interchangeable with the B, 20 % lower
uprightposition.Closetheinletvalveassoonasnomoreliquid
chamber A1.1.4 of this method. Because of this interchange-
escapes, and immediately open the straight-through valve.
ability, the apparatus assembly of Test Method D323 must
NOTE 1—Transfer of the sample is facilitated by chilling the apparatus
pass, as a safety precaution, the hydrostatic test specified in
with a portion of the material under test.
A1.1.6 before using same in testing liquefied petroleum gas.
9.3.1 When using the 33 ⁄3 % lower chamber (A1.1.3)
7. Sampling and Sample Handling
proceed to 9.4.
9.3.2 When using the 20 % lower chamber (Appendix
7.1 Samplesshallbeobtainedandstoredinaccordancewith
A1.1.4), close the straight-through valve and again open the
Practice D1265, or IP 181, Sampling Petroleum Gases, unless
inlet to permit expulsion of the lower chamber contents. As
the test samples can be taken directly from the source of the
soon as no more liquid escapes from the lower chamber, close
material to be tested.
the inlet valve and immediately open the straight-through
7.2 Any method of coupling the vapor pressure apparatus to
valve.
the sample source can be employed.Tubing, 6 to 7 mm ( ⁄4 in.)
9.3.3 The upper chamber, prior to this operation, is liquid
in diameter, of minimum length, of suitable-working pressure,
full at some temperature that is normally below the environ-
and made of material corrosion-resistant to the products being
mentaltemperature.Sinceanywarmingoftheapparatuswould
sampled, is satisfactory for this purpose. A flexible tubing
cause expansion of the liquid content of the upper chamber,
connection of a satisfactory type greatly facilitates the purging
leading to possible rupture of the chamber, it is necessary that
and sampling operations. The tubing should be a conducting
the procedural steps of providing free space in the apparatus be
material or constructed with a built-in ground connection to
completed promptly.
minimize the effect of static electricity.
9.4 Vapor Pressure Determination :
8. Preparation of Apparatus
9.4.1 Invert the apparatus and shake it vigorously. Return
8.1 If the apparatus has been used for testing products other the apparatus to its normal upright position and immerse it in
the constant-temperature water bath maintained at the test
than the type of product to be tested, disassemble, clean
thoroughly, and purge the parts in a stream of dry air. temperature (4.1). The apparatus including the bleeder valve
coupling, but not the pressure gage, must be immersed.
8.2 Assemble the apparatus with the inlet valve of the lower
Throughout the determination, the temperature of the water
chamber open, the straight-through valve between the two
bath shall be checked periodically by means of the bath
chambers open, the bleeder valve closed, and with the proper
thermometer.
range pressure gage attached.
9.4.1.1 At test temperatures of 50°C (122°F) or below,
9. Procedure
maintain the bath at 60.1°C (0.2°F). At test temperatures
above 50°C (122°F), up to and including 70°C (158°F),
9.1 Safe means for the disposal of vapors and liquids during
maintain the bath at 60.3°C (0.5°F).
this operation and in the subsequent sampling operation must
9.4.1.2 Observe the apparatus assembly throughout the test
be provided.
period to ensure freedom from leaks. Discontinue the test and
9.2 Purging—With the assembled apparatus in an upright
discard the results at any time a leak is detected.
position, connect the inlet valve of the lower chamber to the
9.4.2 After 5 min have elapsed, withdraw the apparatus
sample source with the sampling connection (7.2). Open the
from the water bath, invert it, shake it vigorously, and then
sample source valve to the apparatus. Cautiously open the
return it to the bath. Perform the shaking operation quickly to
bleeder valve on the upper chamber, permitting the air or
avoid excessive cooling of the apparatus and its contents.
vapors, or both, in the apparatus to escape until the apparatus
Thereafter, at intervals of not less than 2 min, withdraw the
is full of liquid. Close the lower chamber inlet valve and open
apparatus from the bath, invert, shake it vigorously, and then
thebleedervalvetoitswideopenposition.Allowthecontained
return it to the bath. Prior to each removal of the apparatus
liquid to evaporate until the apparatus is covered with white
from the water bath, tap the gage lightly and observe the
frost (may require more than one chilling), then invert the
pressure reading. These operations will normally require 20 to
assembly, and expel any residual material through the bleeder
30 min to ensure equilibrium. After this time, if consecutive
valve.Allow the residual vapors to escape until the pressure in
observed gage readings are constant, record the pressure
the apparatus is essentially atmospheric, then close the bleeder
reading as the Uncorrected LP-Gas Vapor Pressure of the
valve.
sample at the test temperature.
9.3 Sampling—Return the apparatus, now containing only 9.4.3 If a pressure gage is used that is not calibrated against
vapors, to its normal upright position and open the inlet valve. a dead-weight tester, it is necessary to determine if a gage
D1267−02 (2007)
correction needs to be applied to the pressure gage reading. 10.2.3 Conversion Factors:
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