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ASTM E2041-03

(Test Method)

Standard Method for Estimating Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimeter Using the Borchardt and Daniels Method

Standard Method for Estimating Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimeter Using the Borchardt and Daniels Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is useful in research and development.,
The determination of the appropriate model for a chemical reaction or transformation and the values associated with its kinetic parameters may be used in the estimation of reaction performance at temperatures or time conditions not easily tested. This use, however, is not described in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the determination of the kinetic parameters of activation energy, Arrhenius pre-exponential factor, and reaction order using the Borchardt and Daniels treatment of data obtained by differential scanning calorimetry. This test method is applicable to the temperature range from 170 to 870 K (100 to 600°C).
1.2 This treatment is applicable only to smooth exothermic reactions with no shoulders, discontinuous changes, or shifts in baseline. It is applicable only to reactions with reaction order  n 2. It is not applicable to autocatalyzed reactions and, therefore, is not applicable to the determination of kinetic parameters for most thermoset curing reactions or to crystallization reactions.
1.3 Electronic instrumentation or automated data analysis systems or treatments equivalent to this test method may be used.
Note 1—The user is advised that all electronic data treatment may not be equivalent. It is the responsibility of the user of such electronic data treatment to verify applicability to this test method.
1.4 SI values are the standard.
1.5 This test method is similar, but not equivalent to, ISO Method 11357, Part 5, which contains provisions for additional information not supplied by this test method.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2003
ICS
17.200.10 - Heat. Calorimetry
Technical Committee
E37 - Thermal Measurements
Drafting Committee
E37.01 - Calorimetry and Mass Loss
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2041-01 - Standard Method for Estimating Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimeter Using the Borchardt and Daniels Method
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Replaced By
ASTM E2041-08e1 - Standard Method for Estimating Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimeter Using the Borchardt and Daniels Method
Effective Date
01-Sep-2008
Referred By
ASTM E2781-16 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of Methods for Determination of Kinetic Parameters by Calorimetry and Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM E2890-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Kinetic Parameters and Reaction Order for Thermally Unstable Materials by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Using the Kissinger and Farjas Methods
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM E1231-19 - Standard Practice for Calculation of Hazard Potential Figures of Merit for Thermally Unstable Materials
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM E2923-14(2019) - Standard Practice for Longevity Assessment of Firestop Materials Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM E2070-13(2018) - Standard Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Using Isothermal Methods
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003

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ASTM E2041-03 - Standard Method for Estimating Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimeter Using the Borchardt and Daniels MethodASTM E2041-03 - Standard Method for Estimating Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimeter Using the Borchardt and Daniels Method
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ASTM E2041-03 - Standard Method for Estimating Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimeter Using the Borchardt and Daniels Method
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E2041–03
Standard Method for
Estimating Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning
1
Calorimeter Using the Borchardt and Daniels Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2041; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E537 Test Method for Assessing the Thermal Stability of
3
Chemicals by Methods of Differential Thermal Analysis
1.1 This test method describes the determination of the
E698 Test Method for Arrhenius Kinetic Constants for
kinetic parameters of activation energy, Arrhenius pre-
3
Thermally Unstable Materials
exponential factor, and reaction order using the Borchardt and
2
E967 Practice for Temperature Calibration of Differential
Daniels treatment of data obtained by differential scanning
Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Analyz-
calorimetry. This test method is applicable to the temperature
3
ers
range from 170 to
E968 Practice for Heat Flow Calibration of Differential
870 K (−100 to 600°C).
3
Scanning Calorimeters
1.2 This treatment is applicable only to smooth exothermic
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Proper-
reactionswithnoshoulders,discontinuouschanges,orshiftsin
3
ties
baseline. It is applicable only to reactions with reaction order
E1145 Terminology Relating to Hazardous Properties of
n # 2. It is not applicable to autocatalyzed reactions and,
3
Chemicals
therefore, is not applicable to the determination of kinetic
E1641 Test Method for Decomposition Kinetics by Ther-
parameters for most thermoset curing reactions or to crystalli-
3
mogravimetry
zation reactions.
E1970 Practice for Statistical Treatment of Thermoanalyti-
1.3 Electronic instrumentation or automated data analysis
3
cal Data
systems or treatments equivalent to this test method may be
2.2 ISO Standards:
used.
ISO 11357 Part 5: Determination of Temperature and/or
4
NOTE 1—The user is advised that all electronic data treatment may not
Time of Reaction and Reaction Kinetics
be equivalent. It is the responsibility of the user of such electronic data
treatment to verify applicability to this test method.
3. Terminology
1.4 SI values are the standard.
3.1 Definitions—Specific technical terms used in this test
1.5 This test method is similar, but not equivalent to, ISO
method are defined in Terminologies E473, E1142 and
Method11357,Part5,whichcontainsprovisionsforadditional
E1445.
information not supplied by this test method.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Atest specimen is heated at a linear rate in a differential
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
scanning calorimeter or other suitable calorimeter through a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
region of exothermic reaction behavior. The rate of heat
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
evolution, developed by a chemical reaction, is proportional to
therateofreaction.Integrationoftheheatflowasafunctionof
2. Referenced Documents
time yields the total heat of a reaction.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.2 The Borchardt and Daniels data treatment is used to
3
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis
derive the kinetic parameters of activation energy, Arrhenius
pre-exponential factor, and reaction order from the heat flow
and total heat of reaction information obtained in 4.1 (see
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE37onThermal
Section 5).
Measurements and the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on Test
Methods and Recommended Practices.
CurrenteditionapprovedOct.1,2003.PublishedNovember2003.Originallyap-
proved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E2041–01.
2 4
Borchardt, H.J., Daniels, F., J. Amer. Chem. Soc. Vol 79, pp.41–46 (1957). Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2041–03
5. Basis of Methodology 6. Significance and Use
5.1 Kinetic reactions may be modeled with a number of
6.1 Thistestmethodisusefulinresearchanddevelopment.,
2
suitable equations. The Borchardt and Daniels method makes
6.2 Thedeterminationoftheappropriatemodelforachemi-
use of the general rate equation to describe the dependence of
calreactionortransformationandthevaluesassociatedwithits
the rate of reaction on the amount of material present.
kine
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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1.1 This test method describes the determination of the kinetic parameters of activation energy, Arrhenius pre-exponential factor, and reaction order using the Borchardt and Daniels2 treatment of data obtained by differential scanning calorimetry. This test method is applicable to the temperature range from 170 K to 870 K (−100 °C to 600°C).  
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