ASTM D2275-22
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Voltage Endurance of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials Subjected to Partial Discharges (Corona) on the Surface
Standard Test Method for Voltage Endurance of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials Subjected to Partial Discharges (Corona) on the Surface
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is useful in research and quality control for evaluating insulating materials and systems since they provide for the measurement of the endurance used to compare different materials to the action of corona on the external surfaces. A poor result on this test does not indicate that the material is a poor selection for use at high voltage or at high voltage stress in the absence of surface corona; surface corona is not the same as corona that occurs in internal cavities. (See Test Methods D3382.)
5.2 This test method is also useful for comparison between materials of the same relative thickness. When agreed upon between the buyer and the seller, it is acceptable to express any differences in terms of relative time to failure or the magnitude of voltage stress (kV/mm or kV/in.) required to produce failure in a specified number of hours.
5.3 It is possible for this test method to also be used to examine the effects of different processing parameters on the same insulating material, such as residual strains produced by quenching, high levels of crystallinity or molding processes that control the concentration and sizes of gas-filled cavities.
5.4 The data are generated in the form of a set of values of lifetimes at a voltage. The dispersion of failure times is analyzed using one of the methods below:
5.4.1 Weibull Probability Plot.
5.4.2 Statistically (see IEEE/IEC 62539-2007 for additional information), to yield an estimate of the central value of the distribution and its standard deviation.
5.4.3 Truncating a test at the time of the fifth failure of a set of nine and using that time as the measure of the central tendency. Two such techniques are described in 10.2.
5.5 This test method intensifies some of the more commonly met conditions of corona attack so that materials are able to be evaluated in a time that is relatively short compared to the life of the equipment. As with most accelerated life tests, caution is necessary in...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the voltage endurance of solid electrical insulating materials for use at commercial power frequencies under the action of corona (see Note 1). This test method is more meaningful for rating materials with respect to their resistance to prolonged ac stress under corona conditions for comparative evaluation between materials.
Note 1: The term “corona” is used almost exclusively in this test method instead of “partial discharge,” because it is a visible glow at the edge of the electrode interface that is the result of partial discharge. Corona, as defined in Terminology D1711, is “visible partial discharges in gases adjacent to a conductor.”
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2275 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Voltage Endurance of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
1
Subjected to Partial Discharges (Corona) on the Surface
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2275; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope DielectricStrengthofSolidElectricalInsulatingMaterials
at Commercial Power Frequencies
1.1 This test method determines the voltage endurance of
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
solid electrical insulating materials for use at commercial
D1711Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
powerfrequenciesundertheactionofcorona(seeNote1).This
D1868Test Method for Detection and Measurement of
test method is more meaningful for rating materials with
Partial Discharge (Corona) Pulses in Evaluation of Insu-
respect to their resistance to prolonged ac stress under corona
lation Systems
conditions for comparative evaluation between materials.
D3382Test Methods for Measurement of Energy and Inte-
NOTE 1—The term “corona” is used almost exclusively in this test
grated Charge Transfer Due to Partial Discharges (Co-
method instead of “partial discharge,” because it is a visible glow at the
rona) Using Bridge Techniques
edge of the electrode interface that is the result of partial discharge.
2
Corona,asdefinedinTerminologyD1711,is“visiblepartialdischargesin 2.2 Special Technical Publications:
gases adjacent to a conductor.”
Symposium on Corona, STP 198,ASTM, 1956
Corona Measurement and Interpretation, Engineering
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Dielectrics, Vol 1, STP 669, ASTM, 1979
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
2.3 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
3
tion only and are not considered standard.
Documents:
IECPublication60343RecommendedTestMethodsforDe-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
termining the Relative Resistance of Insulating Materials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to Breakdown by Surface Discharges
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
IEEE/IEC 62539-2007–IEC 62539 Ed.1 (IEEE Std 930™-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
2004) Guide for the Statistical Analysis of Electrical
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4
Insulation Breakdown Data
For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Terminology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of other terms used in this
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
standard,refertoTerminologyD1711andTestMethodD1868.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.2.1 surface corona, n—corona that exists in the electri-
callystressedgaswhereelectrodesarenearinsulationsurfaces.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.2 threshold voltage—that voltage below which failure
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
will not occur under the test conditions irrespective of the
D149Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
duration of the test.
3.2.3 voltage endurance, n—the time that an insulating
1 material can withstand a prolonged alternating voltage stress
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of under the action of surface corona.
Subcommittee D09.12 on Electrical Tests.
Current edition approved March 15, 2022. Published March 2022. Originally
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D2275–14. DOI:
3
10.1520/D2275-22. Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3, rue de
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Varembé, 1st floor, P.O. Box 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, https://
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM www.iec.ch.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE),
the ASTM website. 445 Hoes Ln., P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331, http://www.ieee.org.
Copyright © ASTM
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2275 − 14 D2275 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Voltage Endurance of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
1
Subjected to Partial Discharges (Corona) on the Surface
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2275; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method determines the voltage endurance of solid electrical insulating materials for use at commercial power
frequencies under the action of corona (see Note 1). This test method is more meaningful for rating materials with respect to their
resistance to prolonged ac stress under corona conditions for comparative evaluation between materials.
NOTE 1—The term “corona” is used almost exclusively in this test method instead of “partial discharge,” because it is a visible glow at the edge of the
electrode interface that is the result of partial discharge. Corona, as defined in Terminology D1711, is “visible partial discharges in gases adjacent to a
conductor.”
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to
inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at
Commercial Power Frequencies
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
D1868 Test Method for Detection and Measurement of Partial Discharge (Corona) Pulses in Evaluation of Insulation Systems
D3382 Test Methods for Measurement of Energy and Integrated Charge Transfer Due to Partial Discharges (Corona) Using
Bridge Techniques
2
2.2 Special Technical Publications:
Symposium on Corona, STP 198, ASTM, 1956
Corona Measurement and Interpretation,Engineering Dielectrics, Vol 1, STP 669, ASTM, 1979
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D09.12 on Electrical Tests.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014March 15, 2022. Published December 2014March 2022. Originally approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 20082014
ε1
as D2275 – 01 (2008)D2275 – 14. . DOI: 10.1520/D2275-14.10.1520/D2275-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D2275 − 22
2.3 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Documents:
3
Documents:
IEC Publication 60343 Recommended Test Methods for Determining the Relative Resistance of Insulating Materials to
Breakdown by Surface Discharges
IEEE/IEC 62539-2007 – IEC 62539 Ed.1 (IEEE Std 930™-2004) Guide for the Statistical Analysis of Electrical Insulation
4
Breakdown Data
2.4 Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) Document:
4
IEEE 930-1987 Guide for the Statistical Analysis of Electrical Insulation Voltage Endurance Data
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of other terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D1711 and Test Method D1868.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 surface corona, n—corona that exists in the electrically stressed gas where electrodes are near insulation surfaces.
3.2.2 thresh
...
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