ASTM A668/A668M-13e1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial Use
Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial Use
ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standard requirements for untreated and heat-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for general industrial use. This specification covers six classes of carbon steels (Class A to F) and seven classes of alloy steels (Class G, H, and J to N). Materials shall be forged by hot mechanical work. Except for Class A, all forgings shall be heat treated, depending on class, by the following techniques: annealed, or normalized, or normalized and tempered (Classes B, C, D, and G); normalized and tempered, or double-normalized and tempered (Class E); quenched and tempered, or normalized, quenched, and tempered (Classes F); normalized and tempered (Class H); normalized and tempered, or normalized, quenched, and tempered (Class J); and normalized, quenched, and tempered (Classes K, L, M, and N). Steel specimens shall undergo heat and product analyses, and shall conform to required chemical compositions for manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur. Steel forgings shall also be tested on their conformance to the following tensile requirements: tensile strength, yield point, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, and Brinell hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers untreated and heat-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for general industrial use. Other ASTM specifications for forgings are available for specific applications such as pressure vessels, railroad use, turbine generators, gearing, and others involving special temperature requirements.
1.2 Hot-rolled or cold finished bars are not within the scope of this specification.
1.3 Six classes of carbon steel and seven classes of alloy steel forgings are listed (see Section 7), which indicates their required heat treatments, as well as mechanical properties.
1.4 Provision, with the suffix H for certification and marking, for the supply of forgings after hardness testing only.
1.5 Supplementary requirements, including those in Specification A788/A788M, of an optional nature are provided. These shall apply only when specified by the purchaser.
1.6 Appendix X1 lists the current classes corresponding to the various classes of Specifications A235, A237, and A243, which have been superseded by this specification.
1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard; within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.8 Unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification, the forgings shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
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Designation:A668/A668M −13 AmericanAssociation State
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: M 102
Standard Specification for
Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial
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Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA668/A668M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
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ε NOTE—Sections 6.1 and 7.1.4.3 were editorially corrected in August 2013.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This specification covers untreated and heat-treated 2.1 ASTM Standards:
carbonandalloysteelforgingsforgeneralindustrialuse.Other A275/A275MPracticeforMagneticParticleExaminationof
ASTM specifications for forgings are available for specific Steel Forgings
applications such as pressure vessels, railroad use, turbine A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
generators, gearing, and others involving special temperature of Steel Products
requirements. A388/A388MPractice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
Forgings
1.2 Hot-rolled or cold finished bars are not within the scope
A788/A788MSpecification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
of this specification.
quirements
1.3 Six classes of carbon steel and seven classes of alloy
E290Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductil-
steel forgings are listed (see Section 7), which indicates their
ity
required heat treatments, as well as mechanical properties.
E381Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
1.4 Provision, with the suffix H for certification and Blooms, and Forgings
marking, for the supply of forgings after hardness testing only.
3. Terminology
1.5 Supplementary requirements, including those in Speci-
3.1 The terminology section of Specification A788/A788M
fication A788/A788M, of an optional nature are provided.
is applicable to this specification.
These shall apply only when specified by the purchaser.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.6 Appendix X1 lists the current classes corresponding to
3.2.1 class—a description of steel forgings based on heat
the various classes of Specifications A235, A237, and A243,
treatment, mechanical properties and composition.
which have been superseded by this specification.
3.2.2 controlling cross section thickness (T )—the diameter
1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units C
of the largest theoretical sphere which can be inscribed within
are to be regarded separately as standard; within the text and
the volume of the forging.
tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each 3.2.3 T —designates prolongations which have a size other
P
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
than the controlling cross section thickness (T ).
C
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
4. Ordering Information and General Requirements
with the standard.
4.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to
1.8 Unless the order specifies the applicable "M"
therequirementsofSpecificationA788/A788Mwhichoutlines
specification, the forgings shall be furnished to the inch-pound
additional ordering information, manufacturing requirements,
units.
testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking,
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This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
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A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published June 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A668/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
A668M–04(2009). DOI: 10.1520/A0668_A0668M-13E01. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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A668/A668M−13
certification, product analysis variations and additional supple- supplied, the product analysis can be used only to confirm the
mentary requirements. type of steel supplied.
4.1.1 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict
with the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, the 7. Mechanical Properties
requirements of this specification shall prevail.
7.1 Tensile Requirements:
4.2 When this specifica
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