ASTM C778-06

Standard Specification for Standard Sand

ABSTRACT
This specification covers standard sand for use in the testing of hydraulic cements. Sand shall meet the requirements with respect to grading, source of sand, and absence of undesirable air entraining characteristics. Sieve analysis shall be performed by sieving the sand by hand or mechanically as prescribed. Results of the sieve analysis shall be reported as total percentage passing each sieve. Small amounts of some surfactants or other contaminants will produce air voids in mortars with 20-30 sand, graded sands or both. Tests for air-entraining potential of standard sand shall be made on a single day by a single operator.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers standard sand for use in the testing of hydraulic cements.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 Values in SI units shall be obtained by measurement in SI units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements made in other units.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-May-2006
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C01 - Cement
• Drafting Committee: C01.95 - Coordination of Standards

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C778-02 - Standard Specification for Standard Sand
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM C778-12 - Standard Specification for Standard Sand
• Effective Date: 01-May-2012
• Referred By: ASTM C596-18 - Standard Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C471M-20ae1 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Gypsum and Gypsum Products (Metric)
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C452-21 - Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement Mortars Exposed to Sulfate
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C1707-18 - Standard Specification for Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime for Structural Purposes
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM E518/E518M-22 - Standard Test Methods for Flexural Bond Strength of Masonry
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM A1096/A1096M-22 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Bond of Individual Steel Wire, Indented or Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C305-20 - Standard Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C359-21 - Standard Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic-Cement (Mortar Method)
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C311/C311M-22 - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C1328/C1328M-23 - Standard Specification for Plastic (Stucco) Cement
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D244-09(2017) - Standard Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C1012/C1012M-18b - Standard Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate Solution
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C10/C10M-19 - Standard Specification for Natural Cement
• Effective Date: 15-May-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C778 – 06
Standard Specification for
1
Standard Sand
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C778; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* C1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
1.1 This specification covers standard sand for use in the
Testing of Hydraulic Cements
testing of hydraulic cements.
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Sieves
standard.
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International
1.3 Values in SI units shall be obtained by measurement in
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
SI units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for
Conversion and Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10,of
3. Terminology
measurements made in other units.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1 20–30 sand, n—standard sand, predominantly graded
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to pass a 850-µm (No. 20) sieve and be retained on a 600-µm
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(No. 30) sieve.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.2 graded sand, n—standard sand, predominantly graded
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
between the 600-µm (No. 30) sieve and the 150-µm (No. 100)
2. Referenced Documents sieve.
2
3.1.3 standard sand, n—silica sand, composed almost en-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tirely of naturally rounded grains of nearly pure quartz, used
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
for preparing mortars in the testing of hydraulic cements.
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
Specimens)
4. Requirements
C127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
4.1 SandshallmeettherequirementsofTable1withrespect
Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
to grading, source of sand, and absence of undesirable air
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
entraining characteristics.
Aggregates
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING
C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement
STANDARD SANDS
Mortar
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
5. Apparatus
C702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Test-
5.1 Sieves—The sieves shall be standard 203-mm (8-in.)
ing Size
diameter, full-height, wire-cloth sieves, conforming to the
requirements of Specification E11, and of the following sizes:
1
1.18-mm (No. 16) 425-µm (No. 40)
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on
850-µm (No. 20) 300-µm (No. 50)
Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.95 on Coordination of
600-µm (No. 30) 150-µm (No. 100)
Standards.
Current edition approved May 15, 2006. Published May 2006. Originally
5.2 Sample Splitter—The sample splitter, receptacles, and
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C778 – 02. DOI:
feeder pan or hopper shall conform to the general design
10.1520/C0778-06.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
requirements listed in MethodA, apparatus section of Practice
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
C702, except that the device shall have no fewer than eight
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
chutes having a maximum opening no greater than 13 mm, and
the ASTM website.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C778 – 06
TABLE 1 Standard Sand Requirements
procedure four times. Tilt the mixer and drain the sand for 20
Characteristics 20-30 Sand Graded Sand min or longer. Determine the mass of damp sand and place it
in approximately batch-sized quantities in separate containers.
Grading, percent passing sieve:
1.18 mm (No. 16) 100 100
Dry the sand to constant mass in an oven at 110 °C. Cool and
850 µm (No. 20) 85 to 100
adjustthequantityofdrysandtotheamountrequiredforatest.
600 µm (No. 30) 0 to 5 96 to 100
Prepare two batches of each of “washed” and as “as
...