ASTM C709-98

Standard Terminology Relating to Manufactured Carbon and Graphite

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-1998
• ICS: 01.040.71 - Chemical technology (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 71.060.10 - Chemical elements
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C709-03 - Standard Terminology Relating to Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C1836-16(2023) - Standard Classification for Fiber Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Composite Structures
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1998
• Referred By: ASTM C1783-15 - Standard Guide for Development of Specifications for Fiber Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Composite Structures for Nuclear Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1998

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: C 709 – 98
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 709; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
across grain, n—Synonym for against grain. an unbaked green-mix formulation.
against grain, n—in manufactured carbon and graphite prod- fine-grained—containing predominately small grains that are
uct technology, the direction in a carbon or graphite body less than 0.1 mm in size.
with preferred orientation that has the maximum c-axis flaw—a defect sufficiently greater than those typical of the
alignment (syn. across grain). morphology of a carbon or graphite body to influence a
agglomerate, n— in manufactured carbon and graphite prod- property.
uct technology, a composite particle containing a number of flexural strength—a property of solid material that indicates
grains. its ability to withstand a flexural or transverse load.
ash, n—in carbon and graphite technology, the residue re- flow line—a defect induced by discontinuous flow velocities
maining after oxidation of a carbon or graphite. during forming of molded or extruded bodies.
binder—a substance, usually an organic material such as coal grade—the designation given a material by a manufacturer
tar pitch or petroleum pitch, used to bond the coke or other such that it is always reproduced to the same specifications
filler material prior to baking. established by the manufacturer.
carbon—an element, number 6 of the periodic table of grain, n—in manufactured carbon and graphite product tech-
2 2 2
elements, electronic ground state 1s 2s 2p . nology, a region in a carbon or graphite body that is
carbon—in carbon and graphite technology, an artifact con- identifiable as being derived from a particle of filler.
sisting predominantly of the element carbon and possessing graphite—an allotropic crystalline form of the element car-
limited long range order. bon, occurring as a mineral, commonly consisting of a
hexagonal array of carbon atoms (space group P 6 /mmc)
3
DISCUSSION—The presence of limited long range order is usually
but also known in a rhombohedral form (space group R 3m).
associated with low electrical and thermal conductivity and difficult
graphite—in carbon and graphite technology, an artifact
machinability when compared with graphite.
consisting predominantly of the element carbon and possess-
coarse-grained—containing predominately large grains that
ing extensive long range order.
are greater than 0.1 mm in size.
DISCUSSION—The presence of extensive long range order is usually
coke—a carbonaceous solid produced from coal, petroleum, or
associated with high electrical and thermal conductivity in the hexago-
other materials by thermal decomposition with passage
nal plane and relatively easy machinability when compared with
through a plastic state.
carbon.
compressive strength—a property of solid material that indi-
green carbon—a formed, but unfired carbon body.
cates its ability to withstand a uniaxial compressive load.
hardness—the resistance of a material to deformation, particu-
defect—of a manufactured carbon or graphite product, any
larly permanent deformation, indentation, or scratching.
irregularity in the chemistry, microstructure, or macrostruc-
impervious graphite—manufactured graphite that has been
ture.
impregnated with a resinous material to make the final article
defective—having flaws or dimensional deviations greater
impervious to liquids in the recommended operating range.
than acceptable for the intended use.
impervious carbon—the same as impervious graphite with the
electrographite, n— in carbon and graphite technology, a
exception that the base stock has not been graphitized.
synonym for manufactured graphite.
impregnation—partial filling of the open pore structure with
extruded—formed by being forced through a shaping orifice
another material.
as a continuous body.
lamination—line of demarcation or elongated void generally
filler—in manufactured carbon and graphite product technol-
parallel to the principal grain direction of a carbon or
ogy, carbonaceous particles comprising the base aggregate in
graphite body.
1 longitudinal sonic pulse—a sonic pulse in which the displace-
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
ments are in the direction of propagation of the pulse.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.F on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.
machinability—a measure of the ease with which a material
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