ASTM C1323-22

Standard Test Method for Ultimate Strength of Advanced Ceramics with Diametrally Compressed C-Ring Specimens at Ambient Temperature

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method may be used for material development, material comparison, quality assurance, and characterization. Extreme care should be exercised when generating design data.  
4.2 For a C-ring under diametral compression, the maximum tensile stress occurs at the outer surface. Hence, the C-ring specimen loaded in compression will predominately evaluate the strength distribution and flaw population(s) on the external surface of a tubular component in the hoop direction. Accordingly, the condition of the inner surface may be of lesser consequence in specimen preparation and testing.
Note 1: A C-ring in tension or an O-ring in compression may be used to evaluate the internal surface.  
4.2.1 The flexure stress is computed based on simple curved beam theory (1-5).3 It is assumed that the material is isotropic and homogeneous, the moduli of elasticity are identical in compression or tension, and the material is linearly elastic. These homogeneity and isotropy assumptions preclude the use of this standard for continuous fiber reinforced composites. Average grain size(s) should be no greater than one fiftieth (1/50 ) of the C-ring thickness. The curved beam stress solution from engineering mechanics is in good agreement (within 2 %) with an elasticity solution as discussed in (6) for the test specimen geometries recommended for this standard. The curved beam stress equations are simple and straightforward, and therefore it is relatively easy to integrate the equations for calculations for effective area or effective volume for Weibull analyses as discussed in Appendix X1.  
4.2.2 The simple curved beam and theory of elasticity stress solutions both are two-dimensional plane stress solutions. They do not account for stresses in the axial (parallel to b) direction, or variations in the circumferential (hoop, σθ) stresses through the width (b) of the test piece. The variations in the circumferential stresses increase with increases in width (b) and ring thicknes...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of ultimate strength under monotonic loading of advanced ceramics in tubular form at ambient temperatures. The ultimate strength as used in this test method refers to the strength obtained under monotonic compressive loading of C-ring specimens such as shown in Fig. 1, where monotonic refers to a continuous nonstop test rate with no reversals from test initiation to final fracture. This method permits a range of sizes and shapes since test specimens may be prepared from a variety of tubular structures. The method may be used with microminiature test specimens.
FIG. 1 C-Ring Test Geometry with Defining Geometry and Reference Angle (θ) for the Point of Fracture Initiation on the Circumference  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Values expressed in this test method are in accordance with the International System of Units (SI) and IEEE/ASTM SI 10.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Mar-2022
• ICS: 81.060.30 - Advanced ceramics
• Technical Committee: C28 - Advanced Ceramics
• Drafting Committee: C28.04 - Applications

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1323 −22
Standard Test Method for
Ultimate Strength of Advanced Ceramics with Diametrally
1
Compressed C-Ring Specimens at Ambient Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1323; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C1161Test Method for Flexural Strength of Advanced
Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
1.1 This test method covers the determination of ultimate
C1239Practice for Reporting Uniaxial Strength Data and
strength under monotonic loading of advanced ceramics in
Estimating Weibull Distribution Parameters forAdvanced
tubular form at ambient temperatures.The ultimate strength as
Ceramics
used in this test method refers to the strength obtained under
C1322Practice for Fractography and Characterization of
monotonic compressive loading of C-ring specimens such as
Fracture Origins in Advanced Ceramics
shown in Fig. 1, where monotonic refers to a continuous
nonstop test rate with no reversals from test initiation to final C1368Test Method for Determination of Slow Crack
fracture.Thismethodpermitsarangeofsizesandshapessince Growth Parameters of Advanced Ceramics by Constant
test specimens may be prepared from a variety of tubular
Stress Rate Strength Testing at Ambient Temperature
structures. The method may be used with microminiature test
C1683Practice for Size Scaling of Tensile Strengths Using
specimens.
Weibull Statistics for Advanced Ceramics
E4Practices for Force Calibration and Verification of Test-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ing Machines
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of MechanicalTesting
standard.
E337Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-
1.2.1 Valuesexpressedinthistestmethodareinaccordance
chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-
withtheInternationalSystemofUnits(SI)andIEEE/ASTMSI
10. peratures)
IEEE/ASTM SI 10American National Standard for Metric
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Practice
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.1 advanced ceramic—a highly engineered, high
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
performance, predominately non-metallic, inorganic, ceramic
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
material having specific functional attributes. (C1145)
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.2 breaking force—the force at which fracture occurs.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
(E6)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.3 C-ring—circular test specimen geometry with the
2. Referenced Documents
mid-section (slot) removed to allow bending displacement
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(compression or tension). (E6)
C1145Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
3.1.4 flexural strength—a measure of the ultimate strength
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on of a specified beam in bending.
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.04 on
3.1.5 modulus of elasticity—the ratio of stress to corre-
Applications.
Current edition approved March 15, 2022. Published March 2022. Originally
sponding strain below the proportional limit. (E6)
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C1323–16. DOI:
10.1520/C1323-22.
3.1.6 slow crack growth—subcritical crack growth (exten-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
sion) which may result from, but is not restricted to, such
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
mechanisms as environmentally assisted stress corrosion or
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. diffusive crack growth.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1323 − 22
FIG. 1 C-Ring Test Geometry with Defining Geometry and Reference Angle (θ) for the Point of Fracture Initiation on the Circumference
4. Significance and Use and therefore it is relatively easy t
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1323 − 16 C1323 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Ultimate Strength of Advanced Ceramics with Diametrally
1
Compressed C-Ring Specimens at Ambient Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1323; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of ultimate strength under monotonic loading of advanced ceramics in tubular form
at ambient temperatures. The ultimate strength as used in this test method refers to the strength obtained under monotonic
compressive loading of C-ring specimens such as shown in Fig. 1, where monotonic refers to a continuous nonstop test rate with
no reversals from test initiation to final fracture. This method permits a range of sizes and shapes since test specimens may be
prepared from a variety of tubular structures. The method may be used with microminiature test specimens.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Values expressed in this test method are in accordance with the International System of Units (SI) and IEEE/ASTM SI 10.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1145 Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
C1161 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature
C1239 Practice for Reporting Uniaxial Strength Data and Estimating Weibull Distribution Parameters for Advanced Ceramics
C1322 Practice for Fractography and Characterization of Fracture Origins in Advanced Ceramics
C1368 Test Method for Determination of Slow Crack Growth Parameters of Advanced Ceramics by Constant Stress Rate
Strength Testing at Ambient Temperature
C1683 Practice for Size Scaling of Tensile Strengths Using Weibull Statistics for Advanced Ceramics
E4 Practices for Force Calibration and Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.04 on Applications.
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2016March 15, 2022. Published February 2016March 2022. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20102016
as C1323 – 10.C1323 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/C1323-16.10.1520/C1323-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1323 − 22
FIG. 1 C-Ring C-Ring Test Geometry with Defining Geometry and Reference Angle (θ) for the Point of Fracture Initiation on the Cir-
cumference
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 American National Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric
SystemMetric Practice
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 advanced ceramic—an engineered, high-performance, predominately nonmetallic,a highly engineered, high performance,
predominately non-metallic, inorganic, ceramic material having specific functional qualities.attributes. (C1145)
3.1.2 breaking force—the force at which fracture occurs. (E6)
3.1.3 C-ring—circular test specimen geometry with the mid-section (slot) removed to allow bending displacement (compression
or tension). (E6)
3.1.4 flexural strength—a measure of the ultimate strength of a specified bea
...