ASTM D1217-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer
Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Density is a fundamental physical property which can be used in conjunction with other properties to characterize pure hydrocarbons and their mixtures.
5.2 This test method was originally developed for the determination of the density of the ASTM Knock Test Reference Fuels n-heptane and isooctane, with an accuracy of 0.00003 g/mL. Although it is no longer employed extensively for this purpose, this test method is useful whenever accurate densities of pure hydrocarbons or petroleum fractions with boiling points between 90 °C and 110 °C are required.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the density of pure hydrocarbons or petroleum distillates boiling between 90 °C and 110 °C that can be handled in a normal fashion as a liquid at the specified test temperatures of 20 °C and 25 °C.
1.2 This test method provides a calculation procedure for the conversion of density to relative density (specific gravity).
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 7.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D1217 −20
Standard Test Method for
Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by
1
Bingham Pycnometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1217; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the density
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
of pure hydrocarbons or petroleum distillates boiling between
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
90 °C and 110 °C that can be handled in a normal fashion as a
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
liquid at the specified test temperatures of 20 °C and 25 °C.
1.2 This test method provides a calculation procedure for
3. Terminology
the conversion of density to relative density (specific gravity).
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
3.1.1 density, n—mass per unit volume at a specified
regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause
temperature. D4052
serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been dem-
3.1.2 relative density, n—the ratio of the density of a
onstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.
material at a stated temperature to the density of water at a
Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing
stated temperature. D4052
products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
for additional information. The potential exists that selling
4. Summary of Test Method
mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited
4.1 The liquid sample is introduced into a pycnometer,
by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales
in their location. equilibrated to the desired temperature, and weighed. The
relative density (specific gravity) or density is then calculated
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
from this weight and the previously determined weight of
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
water that is required to fill the pycnometer at the same
standard.
temperature, both weights being corrected for the buoyancy of
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
air.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
5.1 Densityisafundamentalphysicalpropertywhichcanbe
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
used in conjunction with other properties to characterize pure
Specific warning statements are given in Section 7.
hydrocarbons and their mixtures.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
5.2 This test method was originally developed for the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
determination of the density of the ASTM Knock Test Refer-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ence Fuels n-heptane and isooctane, with an accuracy of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
0.00003 g/mL. Although it is no longer employed extensively
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
for this purpose, this test method is useful whenever accurate
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
densities of pure hydrocarbons or petroleum fractions with
boiling points between 90 °C and 110 °C are required.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.04.0D on Physical and Chemical Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published May 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D1217 – 15. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D1217-20. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1217−20
6.7 Chromic Acid Cleaning Apparatus, similar to that
shown in Fig. 4.
6.
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1217 − 15 D1217 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by
1
Bingham Pycnometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1217; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the density of pure hydrocarbons or petroleum distillates boiling between 90 °C
and 110 °C that can be handled in a normal fashion as a liquid at the specified test temperatures of 20 °C and 25 °C.
1.2 This test method provides a calculation procedure for the conversion of density to relative density (specific gravity).
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous materialsubstance that can cause
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, may has been demonstrated to be
hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury
containing mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware (SDS) for additional informa-
tion. The potential exists that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products in your state or country may be prohibited by
law.or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their
location.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 7.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 density, n—mass per unit volume at a specified temperature. D4052
3.1.2 relative density, n—the ratio of the density of a material at a stated temperature to the density of water at a stated
temperature. D4052
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The liquid sample is introduced into a pycnometer, equilibrated to the desired temperature, and weighed. The relative
density (specific gravity) or density is then calculated from this weight and the previously determined weight of water that is
required to fill the pycnometer at the same temperature, both weights being corrected for the buoyancy of air.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0D on Physical and Chemical Methods.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015May 1, 2020. Published February 2016May 2020. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 20122015 as
D1217 – 12.D1217 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/D1217-15.10.1520/D1217-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1217 − 20
FIG. 1 Bingham-Type Pycnometer, 25 mL
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Density is a fundamental physical property which can be used in co
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.