ASTM A600-92a(2010)

Standard Specification for Tool Steel High Speed

ABSTRACT
This specification covers seven tungsten-type (types T1, T2, T4, T5, T6, T8, and T15) and nineteen molybdenum-type high-speed steels (types M1, M2, M3, M4, M6, M7, M10, M30, M33, M34, M36, M41, M42, M43, M44, M46, M47, M48, and M62) in the form of annealed, hot-rolled bars, forgings, plate, sheet, or strip, and annealed, cold-finished bars or forgings used primarily in the fabrication of tools. Two intermediate high speed tool steels designated as M50 and M52 are also covered. Unless otherwise specified, material shall be made by an electric melting process. A chemical analysis of each heat of steel shall be made to determine the percentage of the elements specified (including carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, and cobalt) and these values shall conform to the requirements as to the prescribed chemical composition. Requirements for: (1) heat treatment such as austenitizing, quenching, and tempering, (2) hardness testing (3) macrostructure and macroetch standard for porosity and ingot pattern, and (4) decarburization determination are detailed. The maximum Brinell hardness and minimum Rockwell C hardness for the tool steels are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers tungsten-type and molybdenum-type high-speed steels available as annealed, hot-rolled bars, forgings, plate, sheet, or strip, and annealed, cold-finished bars or forgings used primarily in the fabrication of tools.  
1.2 Seven types of tungsten high-speed tool steels designated T1, T2, etc., seventeen types of molybdenum high-speed tool steels designated M1, M2, etc., and two intermediate high speed steels designated as M50 and M52 are covered. Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, and mechanical properties.  
1.3 The term “high-speed steel” is described and its minimum requirements are covered in the Annex.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2010
• ICS: 77.140.10 - Heat-treatable steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.29 - Tool Steels

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A600-92a(2004) - Standard Specification for Tool Steel High Speed
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM A600-92a(2016) - Standard Specification for Tool Steel High Speed
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D3336-20b - Standard Test Method for Life of Lubricating Greases in Ball Bearings at Elevated Temperatures
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM A681-08(2022) - Standard Specification for Tool Steels Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A600 −92a(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Specification for
Tool Steel High Speed
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A600; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron (Withdrawn 1995)
E45Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of
1.1 This specification covers tungsten-type and
Steel
molybdenum-type high-speed steels available as annealed,
E59Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination
hot-rolled bars, forgings, plate, sheet, or strip, and annealed,
of Chemical Composition (Withdrawn 1996)
cold-finished bars or forgings used primarily in the fabrication
2.2 Military Standard:
of tools.
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-
1.2 Seven types of tungsten high-speed tool steels desig-
ment and Storage
natedT1,T2, etc., seventeen types of molybdenum high-speed
2.3 Federal Standards:
tool steels designated M1, M2, etc., and two intermediate high
Fed. Std. No. 123Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
speedsteelsdesignatedasM50andM52arecovered.Selection
Fed. Std. No. 183Continuous Identification Marking of Iron
will depend upon design, service conditions, and mechanical
and Steel Products
properties.
1.3 The term “high-speed steel” is described and its mini-
3. Classification
mum requirements are covered in the Annex.
3.1 Material in accordance with this specification is classi-
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
fied by chemical composition. Types correspond to respective
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
AISI designations.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1.1 Types T1, T2, T4, T5, T6, T8, and T15 are character-
and are not considered standard.
ized by a controlled high tungsten content along with other
alloying elements.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.2 Types M1, M2, M3, M4, M6, M7, M10, M30, M33,
M34, M36, M41, M42, M43, M44, M46, M47, M48, and M62
2.1 ASTM Standards:
are characterized by a controlled high molybdenum content
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
along with other alloying elements.
of Steel Products
3.1.3 Types M2, M3, and M10 are further classified accord-
A388/A388MPractice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
ing to carbon range. Type M3 is further classified according to
Forgings
vanadium range.
A561Practice for Macroetch Testing of Tool Steel Bars
3.1.4 Types M50 and M52 are considered intermediate high
A700Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-
speed steels in view of their lower total alloy content than the
ods for Steel Products for Shipment (Withdrawn 2014)
standard types. These leaner alloy grades normally are limited
E3Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
to less severe service conditions.
E30TestMethodsforChemicalAnalysisofSteel,CastIron,
4. Ordering Information
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4.1 Ordersformaterialunderthisspecificationshallinclude
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
the following information, as required to describe adequately
A01.29 on Tool Steels.
the desired material:
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originally
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A600–92a (2004).
4.1.1 Name of material (high-speed tool steel),
DOI: 10.1520/A0600-92AR10.
4.1.2 Type,
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
www.astm.org. dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A600−92a (2010)
4.1.3 Shape (sheet, strip, plate, flat bar, round bar, square specifiedandthesevaluesshallconformtotherequirementsas
bar, hexagon bar, octagon, special shapes), to chemical composition specified in Table 1. If requested or
4.1.4 Dimensions (thickness, width, diameter, length). (For required, the chemical composition shall be reported to the
coils, include the minimum inside diameter or inside diameter purchaser or his representative.
range, the maximum outside diameter, and maximum or
6.2 Analysis may be made by the purchaser from finished
minimum coil weight if required. (Minimum coil weights are
bars and forgings by machining off the entire cross section and
subject to negotiation.)),
drilling parallel to the axis of the bar or forging at any point
4.1.5 Finish (hot rolled, forged, blasted or pickled, cold
midway between the center and surface in accordance with the
drawn, rough machined, ground, precision ground and
latest issue of Method E59. The chemical analysis of the
polished),
drilling chips shall be made in accordance with the latest issue
4.1.6 Condition (annealed),
of Methods E30. The chemical composition thus determined
4.1.7 ASTM designation and date of issue, and
shall not vary from the limits specified in Table 1.
4.1.8 Special or supplementary requirements.
7. Hardness Requirements
5. Materials and Manufacture
7.1 Annealed hardness values when obtained in accordance
5.1 Unless otherwise specified, material covered by this
with the latest issue of Test Methods and Definitions A370
specification shall be made by an electric melting process.
shall not exceed the Brinell hardness values (or equivalent
Rockwell hardness values) specified in Table 2.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the 7.2 Specimens for determination of minimum response to
manufacturer to determine the percentage of the elements hardening shall be ⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) thick disks cut so as to
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements,%
C
UNS Type Carbon Manganese Phos- Sulfur Silicon Chromium Vanadium Tungsten Molybdenum Cobalt
Designa- phorus
B
tion
min max min max max max min max min max min max min max min max min max
Tungsten-Type High-Speed Steels
T12001 T1 0.65 0.80 0.10 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.40 3.75 4.50 0.90 1.30 17.25 18.75 . . . . . . . . . . . .
T12002 T2 0.80 0.90 0.20 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.40 3.75 4.50 1.80 2.40 17.50 19.00 . . . 1.00 . . . . . .
T12004 T4 0.70 0.80 0.10 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.40 3.75 4.50 0.80 1.20 17.50 19.00 0.40 1.00 4.25 5.75
T12005 T5 0.75 0.85 0.20 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.40 3.75 5.00 1.80 2.40 17.50 19.00 0.50 1.25 7.00 9.50
T12006 T6 0.75 0.85 0.20 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.40 4.00 4.75 1.50 2.10 18.50 21.00 0.40 1.00 11.00 13.00
T12008 T8 0.75 0.85 0.20 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.40 3.75 4.50 1.80 2.40 13.25 14.75 0.40 1.00 4.25 5.75
T12015 T15 1.50 1.60 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.15 0.40 3.75 5.00 4.50 5.25 11.75 13.00 . . . 1.00 4.75 5.25
Molybdenum-Type High-Speed Steels
T11301 M1 0.78 0.88 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.50 3.50 4.00 1.00 1.35 1.40 2.10 8.20 9.20 . . . . . .
T11302 M2 regular C 0.78 0.88 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.75 4.50 1.75 2.20 5.50 6.75 4.50 5.50 . . . . . .
high C 0.95 1.05 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.75 4.50 1.75 2.20 5.50 6.75 4.50 5.50 . . . . . .
T11313 M3 Class 1 1.00 1.10 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.75 4.50 2.25 2.75 5.00 6.75 4.75 6.50 . . . . . .
T11323 Class 2 1.15 1.25 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.75 4.50 2.75 3.25 5.00 6.75 4.75 6.50 . . . . . .
T11304 M4 1.25 1.40 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.75 4.75 3.75 4.50 5.25 6.50 4.25 5.50 . . . . . .
T11306 M6 0.75 0.85 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.75 4.50 1.30 1.70 3.75 4.75 4.50 5.50 11.00 13.00
T11307 M7 0.97 1.05 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.55 3.50 4.00 1.75 2.25 1.40 2.10 8.20 9.20 . . . . . .
T11310 M10 regular C 0.84 0.94 0.10 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.75 4.50 1.80 2.20 . . . . . . 7.75 8.50 . . . . . .
high C 0.95 1.05 0.10 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.75 4.50 1.80 2.20 . . . . . . 7.75 8.50 . . . . . .
T11330 M30 0.75 0.85 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.50 4.25 1.00 1.40 1.30 2.30 7.75 9.00 4.50 5.50
T11333 M33 0.85 0.92 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.15 0.50 3.50 4.00 1.00 1.35 1.30 2.10 9.00 10.00 7.75 8.75
T11334 M34 0.85 0.92 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.50 4.00 1.90 2.30 1.40 2.10 7.75 9.20 7.75 8.75
T11336 M36 0.80 0.90 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.75 4.50 1.75 2.25 5.50 6.50 4.50 5.50 7.75 8.75
T11341 M41 1.05 1.15 0.20 0.60 0.03 0.03 0.15 0.50 3.75 4.50 1.75 2.25 6.25 7.00 3.25 4.25 4.75 5.75
T11342 M42 1.05 1.15 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.15 0.65 3.50 4.25 0.95 1.35 1.15 1.85 9.00 10.00 7.75 8.75
T11343 M43 1.15 1.25 0.20 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.15 0.65 3.50 4.25 1.50 1.75 2.25 3.00 7.50 8.50 7.75 8.75
T11344 M44 1.10 1.20 0.20 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.30 0.55 4.00 4.75 1.85 2.20 5.00 5.75 6.00 7.00 11.00 12.25
T11346 M46 1.22 1.30 0.20 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.40 0.65 3.70 4.20 3.00 3.30 1.90 2.20 8.00 8.50 7.80 8.80
T11347 M47 1.05 1.15 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.45 3.50 4.00 1.15 1.35 1.30 1.80 9.25 10.00 4.75 5.25
. . . M48 1.42 1.52 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.07 0.15 0.40 3.50 4.00 2.75 3.25 9.50 10.50 4.75 5.50 8.00 10.00
. . . M62 1.25 1.35 0.15 0.40 0.03 0.07 0.15 0.40 3.50 4.00 1.80 2.10 5.75 6.50 10.00 11.00 . . . . . .
Intermediate High Speed Steels
T11350 M50 0.78 0.88 0.15 0.45 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.60 3.75 4.50 0.80 1.25 . . . . . . 3.90 4.75 . . . . . .
T11352 M52 0.85 0.95 0.15 0.45 0.03 0.03 0.20 0.60 3.50 4.30 1.65 2.25 0.75 1.50 4.00 4.90 . . . . . .
A
Chemistry limits include product analysis tolerances. Unless otherwise specified, nickel plus copper equals 0.75 % max for all types.
B
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J 1086.
C
Where specified, sulfur may be 0.06 to 0.15 % to improve machinability.
A600−92a (2010)
TABLE 2 Maximum Brinell Hardness in Annealed or Cold Drawn
agreement between seller and purchaser. The hardness value
Condition
shall be obtained in accordance with the latest issue of Test
Annealed Cold Drawn Cold Drawn
Methods and Definitions A370 and shall be the average of at
Type
BHN Annealed BHN BHN
least five readings taken in an area midway between the center
M1 248 255 262
and surface of the largest dimension of the cross-sectional
M2 (regular C) 248 255 262
M2 (high C) 255 262 269 specimen or along the parallel surfaces of the longitudinal
M3, Class 1 and 255 262 269
specimen. The surface to be tested shall be ground sufficiently
Class 2
to remove any surface condition, scale, carburization, or
M4 255 262 269
decarburization which might affect readings.
M6 277 285 293
M7 255 262 269
M10 (regular C) 248 255 262
8. Macrostructure
M10 (high C) 255 262 269
M30 269 277 285
8.1 The macrostructure of a specimen representing the
M33 269 277 285
M34 269 277 285 entire cross-sectional area in the annealed condition and
M36 269 277 285
prepared in accordance with the latest issue of Practice A561
M41 269 277 285
shall exhibit a structure free of excessive porosity, slag, dirt, or
M42 269 277 285
M43 269 297 285
other nonmetallic inclusions, pipes, checks, cracks and other
M44 285 293 302
injurious defects.
M46 269 277 285
M47 269 277 285
8.2 Macroetch severity levels for center porosity and ingot
M48 311 321 331
pattern,illustratedphotographicallyinPracticeA561,shallnot
M50 248 255 262
M52 248 255 262 exceed the ratings specified in Table 4 for the appropriate
M62 285 293 302
material size and composition.
T1 255 262 269
T2 255 262 269
T4 269 277 285
9. Decarburization
T5 285 293 302
T6 302 311 321
9.1 Decarburization shall be determined on a specimen
T8 255 262 269
representing a cross section of the material and prepared in
T15 277 285 293
accordance with the latest issue of Methods E3. When exam-
ined at 20× or greater magnification, it shall not exceed the
valuesgiveninTables5-8fortheappropriatesizeandshapeof
the material.
represent either the full cross-sectional area or that midway
between the center and outer surface of the material. If the
9.2 Material ordered as drill rod, ground and polished,
material form or size does not lend itself to accurate hardness
centerless ground, ground finished, or machine finished flats
determination on ⁄4-in. thick cross-sectional disks, then longi-
and squares shall be free of scale and decarburization.
tudinal specimens may be used for hardness testing. Examples
are round bars less than ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter; sheet;
10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
and strip. In this case, the specimen shall be a minimum of 3
10.1 Permissible variations in dimensions shall not exceed
in.(76.2mm)inlength,andparallelflatsshallbegroundonthe
the applicable limits stated in Tables 8-22, incl. Where out-of-
original mill surfaces. The specimens shall be heat treated in
round or square requirements are shown, they shall be deter-
two furnaces, one operating as a preheat furnace and the other
mined as follows:
as a high-heat furnace. The furnaces may be either controlled
10.1.1 Out-of-Round—Difference between high and low
atmosphere or molten-salt bath. The austenitizing temperature
readings as determined by micrometers or other suitable
Table 3 cover both furnace types.
ranges stipulated in
measuring instruments.
7.2.1 After being austenitized for the proper time, the
samples may be oil quenched or quenched in molten salt plus 10.1.2 Out-of-Square—The amount required to be removed
air cooling. When a salt quench is employed, its temperature from each edge in order to square the edge with the face as
shall be 1050 to 1175°F (566 to 635°C) except for M3, M4, determined with a square and suitable measuring instruments.
M41, , M42,M43 , M46, M47, M48, M62, and T15, when it
shall be 1000 to 1075°F (538 to 579°C). All samples shall be
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
double tempered at 1025°F (552°C) for 2 h each cycle except
11.1 High-speedtoolsteelshallbefreeofheavyscale,deep
for M0 and M52 which shall be given two tempering cycles of
pitting, laps, porosity, injurious segregations, excessive non-
2 h each at 1000°F and M41, M42, M43, M44, M46, M47,
metallicinclusions,seams,cracks,checks,slivers,scalemarks,
M48, M62, and T15, which shall be given three tempering
dents, soft and hard spots, pipes, or any defects that would
cycles of 2 h each at 1000°F.
detrimentally affect the suitability of the material, after re-
7.2.2 The hardness of the
...