ASTM D6606-00(2005)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Viscosity and Yield of Vehicles and Varnishes by the Duke Viscometer
Standard Test Method for Viscosity and Yield of Vehicles and Varnishes by the Duke Viscometer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Actual direct measurements of apparent viscosity and stress at shear rates of interest can be useful in the practical control of ink viscosity during production and the specification acceptance between supplier and purchaser.
Use of the Duke automated viscometer provides direct measurements for viscosity and yield value versus extrapolating data points that may be far from the desired shear rates.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the viscosity of varnishes, ink vehicles, and similar liquids that are essentially nonvolatile and unreactive under ordinary room conditions using the Duke Automated high-shear rod and collar viscometer.
1.2 The instrument in this test method is similar in principle to the falling-rod viscometer described in Test Method D 4040 except that the collar is motor driven and the range of available shear stresses is considerably greater. This instrument is capable of measured and extrapolated viscosity and yield values provided the proper model is chosen for the given application. See Section 6 for the ranges of specified models.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, that may be associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish any appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:D6606–00(Reapproved2005)
Standard Test Method for
Viscosity and Yield of Vehicles and Varnishes by the Duke
Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining 3.1 Definitions— Terms relative to this test method are
theviscosityofvarnishes,inkvehicles,andsimilarliquidsthat defined in Test Method D4040 except for those found in 3.2.
are essentially nonvolatile and unreactive under ordinary room 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
conditionsusingtheDukeAutomatedhigh-shearrodandcollar 3.2.1 yield value, n—The Lehman’s yield value that is
−1
viscometer. defined as the stress at 2.5 s .
1.2 Theinstrumentinthistestmethodissimilarinprinciple 3.2.1.1 Discussion—This value can be either extrapolated
to the falling-rod viscometer described in Test Method D4040 or measured.
exceptthatthecollarismotordrivenandtherangeofavailable 3.2.2 shortness ratio, n—a ratio to determine the shortness
shear stresses is considerably greater. This instrument is characteristic of the fluid where SR = yield value/apparent
capable of measured and extrapolated viscosity and yield viscosity.
values provided the proper model is chosen for the given
4. Summary of Test Method
application. See Section 6 for the ranges of specified models.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 4.1 This automated test method is based upon accurate
measurement of the force that is transferred at a known
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. temperature into a stationary vertical rod as a fluid such as
printing ink/varnish moves through a precision measurement
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, that may be associated with its use. It gap formed between the outside diameter of the rod and the
inside diameter of collar of specific geometry as said collar
is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish any
moves upward along the length of the rod at specified
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. velocities.
4.2 The operator of the instrument and the customer must
2. Referenced Documents
agree on the preprogrammed test sequence, which is to be run
2.1 ASTM Standards: for a given material and the desired test temperature. Supervi-
D4040 Test Method for Rheological Properties of Paste sory personnel should know the specifics of each prepro-
Printing and Vehicles by the Falling-Rod Viscometer grammed test sequence, how to change a given test sequence,
and how to make a new test sequence.
4.3 This test method provides actual measured test data of
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
fluids at specified shear rates, which can be programmed to
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
relate. In addition to actual measured data, extrapolated data
Subcommittee D01.37 on Ink Vehicles.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published September 2005. Originally
using the “power law mathematical model” is provided that
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D6606–00. DOI:
correlates with manual testing methods as outlined in Test
10.1520/D6606-00R05.
Method D4040.
Thesolesourceofsupplyofanautomatedhighshearrodandcollarviscometer
known to the committee at this time is Duke Custom Systems, Inc., Pleasant View, 4.4 Specified test reference temperatures can range from 20
TN. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
to 40°C. Allowable deviation from desired test reference
ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
temperature could be specified differently in each test se-
ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
quence.Allowableprogrammableiswithintherangeof0.05to
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
0.4°C.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6606–00 (2005)
TABLE 1 Performance Ranges For Each Model
Model Number Stress Range (Dynes/ Viscosity Range Shear Rate Range Temperature Range° C
2 −1 −1
cm ) Poise at 2500sec (sec )
D-2010 D-2010E 75−1.0310 4 − 400 2.5 − 10,000 19–40
D-2012 D-2012E
D-2020 D-2020E 150−2.0310 10 − 800 2.5 − 10,000 19–40
D-2022 D-2022E
D-2050 D-2050E 300−5.0310 20 − 1,600 2.5 − 7,500 19–40
D-2052 D-2052E
D-2100 D-2100E 600 − 10.0310 40 − 3,200 2.5 − 7,500 19–40
D-2102 D-2102E
5. Significance and Use 9.3 Leveltheviscometerbyturningtheadjustablefeetupor
downuntilthespiritleveliscenteredandtheinstrumentisfree
5.1 Actual direct measurements of apparent viscosity and
from wobble.
stress at shear rates of interest can be useful in the practical
9.4 Clean the rod and collar thoroughly with tissues wetted
controlofinkviscosityduringproductionandthespecification
with naphtha or other appropriate solvent. Remove residual
acceptance between supplier and purchaser.
solvent with clean dry tissue. Ensure rod and collar are free of
5.2 Use of the Duke automated viscometer provides direct
lint or other particles from tissue or environment. Warning:
measurements for viscosity and yield value versus extrapolat-
Failure to clean instrument adequately will severely influence
ing data points that may be far from the desired shear rates.
results.
6. Apparatus 9.5 Ensure identification code on rod and collar match.
9.6 Properly install and lock into viscometer the rod with
6.1 Table 1 describes each model of the Duke automated
rod cup and collar in accordance with manufacturer’s recom-
high shear rod and collar viscometer with the appropriate
mendations.
ranges for the ink or varnish being tested.
9.7 Plug in collar/sample temperature probe.
7. Materials
9.8 Allow instrument to equilibrate at a desired test tem-
perature.
7.1 ASTM Standard Viscosity Fluids—(For calibration pur-
poses only.) At approximately 100, 200, and 400 poise, span
10. Calibration
the practical range of the instrument without inducing self-
heating errors. The required fluids are N4000 (100 poise at 10.1 Ensure instrument is within calibration window by
25°C), S8000 (200 poise at 25°C), and N15000 (400 poise at
reading information contained in “Days to Next Calibration
25°C). Window”onthecomputerscreen.Thenumberofdaysuntilthe
7.2 Lint and Metal-Free Rags or Tissues of appropriate
next factory-authorized calibration is displayed whenever the
size, so that they may be pulled or pushed completely through instrument is not in active use.
the collar in a single pass.
10.2 Periodically check calibration as in Section 17.
7.3 Naphtha or other Low-Boiling Solvent in a wash bottle
or closed metal container.
11. Sample Preparation
11.1 Transport sample to be tested to the test area and
8. Hazards
preserveinasuitablecleanclosedcontainer.Skinpapershould
8.1 Warning: Solvents may be hazardous to the skin and
be used for oxidative fluids.
eyes. In addition to other precautions, always wear protective
11.2 Samples should be uniform dispersions or structures
gloves and safety glasses during cleanup to avoid solvent
throughout. Samples to be tested should be free of bubbles,
contact with skin and eyes. See supplier’s material safety data
skin,orotherdebris.Ifvariationsinstructurearesuspected,the
sheet for further information on each solvent used.
sample must be remixed until it is of uniform consistency.
8.2 Instrument Warning: Never operate the instrument with
11.3 Fillpipetwiththesampleandplacefilledpipetintothe
the rod installed without fluid in the collar.
temperature-controlled enclosure of viscometer. Warning: Do
not work the sample vigorously. Be sure to close the sample
9. Preparation of Apparatus
container immediately after removing the desired sample to be
9.1 Set the viscometer up on a sturdy vibration-free bench
tested.
capable of supporting at least 6.75 sq. m.
9.2 Locate the viscometer in an area free of direct sunlight
12. Conditioning
to prevent sun-induced heating inside the clear temperature-
12.1 The test sequence and reference temperatures are
controlled enclosure.
programmable and are protected by password security to
prevent unauthorized changes from desired temperatures. The
The sole source of supply of the certified standard viscosity oil known to the
reference temperature for this test method is 25.0° and the
committee at this time is Cannon Instrument Company, P.O. Box 16, State College,
enclosure temperature for this test method is 24.95°C.
PA16801. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information
12.2 The pipet
...
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