ASTM B243-02a

Standard Terminology of Powder Metallurgy

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology includes definitions of terms that are useful to the powder metallurgy industry. These definitions are helpful in the interpretation and application of powder metallurgy terms.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-2002
• ICS: 01.040.77 - Metallurgy (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 77.160 - Powder metallurgy
• Technical Committee: B09 - Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products
• Drafting Committee: B09.01 - Nomenclature and Technical Data

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM B243-02 - Standard Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM B243-02b - Standard Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM C757-16(2021) - Standard Specification for Nuclear-Grade Plutonium Dioxide Powder for Light Water Reactors
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F2924-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium with Powder Bed Fusion
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM B703-21 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Metal Powders and Related Compounds Using the Arnold Meter
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM B922-22 - Standard Test Method for Metal Powder Specific Surface Area by Physical Adsorption
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM C753-16a(2021) - Standard Specification for Nuclear-Grade, Sinterable Uranium Dioxide Powder
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM B964-23 - Standard Test Methods for Flow Rate of Metal Powders Using the Carney Funnel
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM B934-21 - Standard Test Method for Effective Case Depth of Ferrous Powder Metallurgy (PM) Parts Using Microindentation Hardness Measurements
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM B873-23 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Volume of Apparent Density Cup Used in Test Methods B212, B329, and B417
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM B963-22 - Standard Test Methods for Oil Content, Oil-Impregnation Efficiency, and Surface-Connected Porosity of Sintered Powder Metallurgy (PM) Products Using Archimedes’ Principle
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM B939-21 - Standard Test Method for Radial Crushing Strength, <emph type="bdit">K</emph>, of Powder Metallurgy (PM) Bearings and Structural Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM C833-23 - Standard Specification for Sintered (Uranium-Plutonium) Dioxide Pellets for Light Water Reactors
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM B853-16(2021)e1 - Standard Specification for Powder Metallurgy (PM) Boron Stainless Steel Structural Components
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F3606-22 - Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing — Feedstock Materials — Testing Moisture Content in Powder Feedstock
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: B 243 – 02a
Standard Terminology of
1
Powder Metallurgy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 243; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.4 Properties of Sintered Parts, 3.3.4
3.5 Procedure to Evaluate Sintered Parts, 3.3.5
1.1 This terminology includes definitions of terms that are
3.6 Removal of Binders, 3.3.6
useful to the powder metallurgy industry. These definitions are
4. Postsinter Treatments:
helpful in the interpretation and application of powder metal-
4.1 Processes, 3.4.1
lurgy terms.
5. Miscellaneous:
2. Referenced Documents 5.1 Definitions, 3.5.1
5.2 Processes, 3.5.2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3 Materials, 3.5.3
B 331 Test Method for Compressibility of Metal Powders in
2
3.1.2 General:
Uniaxial Compaction
1001 agglomerate, n—several particles adhering together.
3. Terminology
1002 particulate matter, n—see powder.
1003 P/M, n—the acronym representing powder metallurgy.
3.1 Powder—Terms associated with production, character-
Used as P/M Part, P/M Product, P/M Process, and so forth.
ization, use, and testing of metal powders.
1004 powder metallurgy, n—the production and utilization
3.1.1 Table of Contents
of metal powders.
1. Powders:
1005 powder, n—particles that are usually less than 1000
1.0 General, 3.1.2
μm (1 mm) in size.
1.1 Processes to Produce Powder, 3.1.3
1006 metal powder, n—particles of elemental metals or
1.2 Types of Powder, 3.1.4
alloys, normally less than 1000 μm (1 mm) in size.
1.3 Shapes of Powder Particles, 3.1.5
3.1.3 Processes to Produce Powder:
1.4 Additives to Powder, 3.1.6
1101 atomization, n—the dispersion of a molten metal into
1.5 Treatment of Powder, 3.1.7
particles by a rapidly moving gas or liquid stream or by
1.6 Properties of Powder, 3.1.8
mechanical means.
1.7 Procedures to Evaluate Powder, 3.1.9
1102 granulation, n—the production of coarse metal par-
1.8 Equipment to Evaluate Powder, 3.1.10
ticles by pouring the molten metal through a screen into water
2. Forming:
(shotting) or by violent agitation of the molten metal while
2.0 General, 3.2.1
solidifying.
2.1 Processes for Compacting, 3.2.2
1103 classification, n—separation of a powder into fractions
2.2 Conditions of Compacting, 3.2.3
according to particle size.
2.3 Tools Used for Compacting, 3.2.4
1104 air classification, n—the separation of powder into
2.4 Phenomena Resulting from Compaction, 3.2.5
particle size fractions by means of an air stream of controlled
2.5 Properties of Compacts, 3.2.6
velocity.
2.6 Forging, 3.2.7
1105 gas classification, n—the separation of powder into
2.7 Metal Injection Molding, 3.2.8
particle size fractions by means of a gas stream of controlled
3. Sintering:
velocity.
3.1 Process for Sintering, 3.3.1
1106 chemical deposition, n—the precipitation of one metal
3.2 Conditions During Sintering, 3.3.2
from a solution of its salts by the addition of another metal or
3.3 Phenomena Resulting from Sintering, 3.3.3
reagent to the solution.
1107 chemically precipitated metal powder, n—powder
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal
produced by the reduction of a metal from a solution of its salts
Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
either by the addition of another metal higher in the electro-
mittee B09.01 on Nomenclature and Technical Data.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2002. Published November 2002. Originally
motive series or by other reducing agent.
published as B 243 – 49 T. Last previous edition B 243 – 02.
1108 reduced metal powder, n—metal powder produced,
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B 243 – 02a
without melting, by the chemical reduction of metal oxides or prescribed analysis, prepared by the powder producer, for
other compounds. direct use in compacting powder metallurgy products.
1109 disintegration, n—the reduction of massive material 3.1.5 Shapes of Powder Particles:
to powder. 1301 acicular powder, n—needle-shaped particles.
1110 milling, n—the mechanical treatment of metal powder, 1302 needles, n—elongated rod-like particles.
or metal powder mixtures, as in a ball mill, to alter the size or
1303 granular powder, n—particles having approximately
shape of the individual particles or to coat on
...