ASTM D6477-09
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
Standard Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology is the compilation of all definitions developed by Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cords and Fabrics.
1.2 The terminology, mostly definitions, is unique to the tire cord fabric industry. Meanings of the same terms used outside the tire cord fabric industry can be found in other compilations or in dictionaries of general usage.
1.3 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, this terminology is also a tool for managing the Subcommittee's terminology. This includes finding, eliminating, and preventing redundancies, that is, where two or more terms relating to the same concept are defined in different words.
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Designation:D6477–09
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6477; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4393 Test Method for Strap PeelAdhesion of Reinforcing
Cords or Fabrics to Rubber Compounds
1.1 This terminology is the compilation of all definitions
D4776 Test Method for Adhesion of Tire Cords and Other
developed by Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cords and Fab-
Reinforcing Cords to Rubber Compounds by H-Test Pro-
rics.
cedure
1.2 The terminology, mostly definitions, is unique to the tire
D4974 Test Method for HotAir Thermal Shrinkage ofYarn
cord fabric industry. Meanings of the same terms used outside
and Cord Using a Thermal Shrinkage Oven
the tire cord fabric industry can be found in other compilations
D4975 Test Methods for Single-Filament Tire Bead Wire
or in dictionaries of general usage.
Made from Steel
1.3 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, this termi-
D5591 Test Method for Thermal Shrinkage Force of Yarn
nology is also a tool for managing the Subcommittee’s
and Cord With a Thermal Shrinkage Force Tester
terminology.Thisincludes finding, eliminating, and preventing
D6320 Test Methods for Single Filament Hose Reinforcing
redundancies, that is, where two or more terms relating to the
Wire Made from Steel
same concept are defined in different words.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: adhesion, n—in tire fabrics, the force required to separate a
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles textile material from rubber or other elastomer by a definite
D885 Test Methods for Tire Cords, Tire Cord Fabrics, and prescribed method. D1871, D2229, D4393, D4776
Industrial Filament Yarns Made from Manufactured adhesive treated tire cord, n—a tire cord whose adhesion to
Organic-Base Fibers rubber or other elastomer has been improved by the appli-
D1871 Test Method for Adhesion Between Tire Bead Wire cation of a dip followed by rapid drying and (normally)
and Rubber additional heat treatment. D5591
D2229 Test Method forAdhesion Between SteelTire Cords airwicking, n—in tires,thepassageofairlongitudinallyalong
and Rubber or through yarns in a fabric that has been encased and cured
D2692 Test Method for Air Wicking of Tire Fabrics, Tire in rubber or other elastomer, that is, air permeability in the
Cord Fabrics, Tire Cord, and Yarns plane of the fabric. D2692
D2969 Test Methods for Steel Tire Cords breaking force, n—the maximum force applied to a material
D2970/D2970M Test Methods for Testing Tire Cords, Tire carried to rupture.
Cord Fabrics, and Industrial Yarns Made From Glass
DISCUSSION—Materials that are brittle usually rupture at the maxi-
Filaments
mum force. Materials that are ductile are usually capable of withstand-
ing the maximum force without rupturing. For many years, it has been
the usual practice in the tire industry and related industries to use the
1
ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles
term breaking strength to characterize yarn and cord of a specified size
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Industrial Fibers and
and type without consideration of their unit size. Numerically, breaking
Metallic Reinforcements.
strength is equal to breaking force for the same specimen. The average
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2009. Published March 2009. Originally
of the breaking forces observed on two or more specimens of a specific
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D6477–04. DOI:
sample is referred to as the sample breaking strength, which is the
10.1520/D6477-09.
2 property used in engineering calculations for a specific textile material.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Tensile strength and breaking tenacityare derived or calculated values
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
for materials that include consideration of the unit size of the materials.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. These terms can be used to compare intrinsic strengths of yarns and
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D6477–09
cords of different sizes or different materials. The term tensile strength, DISCUSSION—The strand or cord has an “S” or left hand lay if, when
in MPA (psi), is not synonymous hit either breaking force or breakin
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6477–04 Designation:D6477–09
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6477; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology is the compilation of all definitions developed by Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cords and Fabrics.
1.2 The terminology, mostly definitions, is unique to the tire cord fabric industry. Meanings of the same terms used outside the
tire cord fabric industry can be found in other compilations or in dictionaries of general usage.
1.3 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, this terminology is also a tool for managing the Subcommittee’s terminology.
This includes finding, eliminating, and preventing redundancies, that is, where two or more terms relating to the same concept are
defined in different words.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D 885 Test Methods for Tire Cords, Tire Cord Fabrics, and Industrial Filament Yarns Made from Manufactured Organic-Base
Fibers
D 1871 TestMethodsforAdhesionofSingle-FilamentSteelWiretoRubberTestMethodforAdhesionBetweenTireBeadWire
and Rubber
D 2229 Test Method for Adhesion Between Steel Tire Cords and Rubber
D 2692 Test Method for Air Wicking of Tire Fabrics, Tire Cord Fabrics, Tire Cord, and Yarns
D 2969 Test Methods for Steel Tire Cords
D 2970/D 2970M Test Methods for Testing Tire Cords, Tire Cord Fabrics, and Industrial Yarns Made fromFrom Glass
Filaments
D 4393 Test Method for Strap Peel Adhesion of Reinforcing Cords or Fabrics to Rubber Compounds
D 4776 Test Method for Adhesion of Tire Cords and Other Reinforcing Cords to Rubber Compounds by H-Test Procedure
D 4974 Test Method for Hot Air Thermal Shrinkage of Yarn and Cord Using a Thermal Shrinkage Oven
D 4975 Test Methods for Single-Filament Tire Bead Wire Made from Steel
D 5591 Test Method for Thermal Shrinkage Force of Yarn and Cord with the TestriteWith a Thermal Shrinkage Force Tester
D 6320 Test Methods for Single Filament Hose Reinforcing Wire Made from Steel
3. Terminology
adhesion, n—the property denoting the ability of a material to resist delamination or separation into two or more layers. —in tire
fabrics, the force required to separate a textile material from rubber or other elastomer by a definite prescribed method.
D 1871, D 2229, D 4393, D 4776
adhesion, n—in tire fabrics,theforcerequiredtoseparateatextilematerialfromrubberorotherelastomerbyadefiniteprescribed
method. D2229, D4393, D4776
adhesive treated tire cord, n—a tire cord whose adhesion to rubber or other elastomer has been improved by the application of
a dip followed by rapid drying and (normally) additional heat treatment. D 5591
air wicking, n— in tires, the passage of air longitudinally along or through yarns in a fabric that has been encased and cured in
rubber or other elastomer, that is, air permeability in the plane of the fabric. D 2692
breaking force, n—the maximum force applied to a material carried to rupture.
DISCUSSION—Materials that are brittle usually rupture at the maximum force. Materials that are ductile are usually capable of withstanding the
maximum force without rupturing. For many years, it has been the usual practice in the tire industry and related industries to use the term breaking
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cord and Fabrics .
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2004. Published October 2004. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D6477–03.
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2009. Published March 2009. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 6477–04.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6477–09
strength to characterize yarn and cord of a specified size and type without considerat
...
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