ASTM D3475-00

Standard Classification of Child-Resistant Packages

SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers various types of child-resistant packages.
1.2 The examples for each type of child-resistant packaging are not intended to be all-inclusive, but are included only as an aid in the understanding and comprehension of each type of classification.
1.3 Listings are not to be considered endorsements or approval of the package by ASTM.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-2000
• Technical Committee: D10 - Packaging

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D3475-00e1 - Standard Classification of Child-Resistant Packages
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM F3304-22 - Standard Specification for Lamp Fuel and Torch Fuel Packaging
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM F2517-22e1 - Standard Specification for Determination of Child Resistance of Portable Fuel Containers for Consumer Use
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM F3159-15(2022) - Standard Safety Specification for Liquid Laundry Packets
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D8233-19 - Standard Guide for Packaging and Labeling of Consumer Resin Cannabis Products for Sale to Adult Consumers, Legally Authorized Medical Users, and Caregivers in a Business-to-Consumer Retail Environment (Retailers)
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D7860-14(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Torque Retention for Child Resistant and Non-Child Resistant Packages with Continuous Thread Closures Using Automated Torque Testing Equipment
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 3475 – 00
Standard Classification of
Child-Resistant Packages
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3475; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.1.3 unit use/single use package—an immediate product
container/package, which may include label directions for use,
1.1 This classification covers various types of child-resistant
designed in such a manner that each individual product
packages.
package is intended to be opened or used one time separately
1.2 The illustrative examples for each type of child-resistant
from the other individual product units in the package, or the
packaging are not intended to be all-inclusive, but are included
entire contents of a single unit package intended for use in one
only as an aid in the understanding and comprehension of each
application.
type of classification.
2.1.3.1 Discussion—These packages are generally non-
1.3 Listings are not to be considered endorsements or
reclosable or non-reusable. A unit of sale package may consist
approval of the package by ASTM.
of one or more non-reusable individual packages. Generally
2. Terminology
used for household, automotive, chemical, pesticide, veteri-
nary, garden and other products not intended for human
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ingestion. Package styles may include some aerosol, that is,
2.1.1 child-resistant package—as defined by the Poison
foggers, soluble film, canisters, pouches, etc., filled with
Prevention Packaging Act, packaging that is designed or
liquids, drys, powders and other product forms. Packages may
constructed to be significantly difficult for children under five
or may not be child-resistant in accordance with the regulatory
years of age to open or obtain a toxic or harmful amount of the
requirements of the package contents.
substance contained therein within a reasonable time, and not
difficult for normal adults to use properly, but does not mean
3. Significance and Use
packaging which all such children cannot open or obtain a
3.1 This classification scheme defines the type of motions,
toxic or harmful amount within a reasonable time.
skills, or tools required for a particular type of child-resistant
2.1.2 unit dose package—an immediate product container/
package and provides illustrative examples of current packag-
package designed and labeled in such a manner that each
ing within that type.
individual product package is intended to be opened or used
3.2 Reference to a particular package in this classification is
one time in a generally non-reclosable or non-resealable
not intended in any manner to denote endorsement or approval
manner, separately from the other individual product units in
of the package by ASTM.
the package, or the entire contents of a single unit package
3.3 Packages have been included as illustrative examples
intended for use in one application.
based on manufacturers’ claims of child-resistance. Child-
2.1.2.1 Discussion—Normally used for pharmaceutical, hu-
resistant package functionality for any specific product type
man healthcare, and nutritional products in dry solid, topical,
must be determined by the packager/manufacturer following
transdermal, or liquid form. A unit of sale package may contain
the guidelines of the PPPA of 1970 and the most current
one or more individual unit dose packages, that is, individually
version of the CFR Title 16 Part 1700 and Title 40 Part 157.
wrapped transdermal patches, pre-filled syringes and syringe
The listing of a package in this classification is not an
cartridges, blister cards with multiple tablets or capsules, etc.
indication of whether or not it has been successfully tested in
Unit dose packages may or may not be child-resistant in
accordance with the aforementioned guidelines.
accordance with the regulatory requirements of the package
3.4 Additions or deletions to the illustrative examples
contents.
should be reported to Committee D10 on Packaging, for
incorporation into this classification during the next revision.
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.31 on Child-
4. Basis of Classification
Resistant Packaging.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2000. Published December 2000. Originally
4.1 The basis for classification for child-resistant closure,
published as D 3475 – 76. Last previous edition D 3475 – 95.
and the classifications themselves, appear in Table 1.
Code of Federal Regulations, Title 16, Part 1700 and Title 40, Part 157. A copy
may be obtained through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 3475
TABLE 1 Classification of Child-Resistant Packages
Description Example
TYPE I RECLOSABLE PACKAGING—CONTINUOUS THREAD CLOSURE
A Random push down while turning; no orientation of the push down force Kerr CR-I, II, III and CRTE; Owens-Illinois Clic-Loc I, II, and III, Argus-Loc I and
necessary II and Chem-Loc; Alcoa Tot-Gard III; Van Blarcom metal-on-metal, Saf-Cap I,
II, III, and IIIA; Ferdinand Gutman; Poly Seal Corp.; Reliable Products;
Rexam F.G. (Final Generation), Carow-Turnloc; Comar-Secure Cap; Reike-
FS652
B Localized squeeze force while turning; the force must be applied to a Rexam Squeeze-Lok, Snap-Lok, Econo-Lok, Tip Lok, DOT, Dougherty
designated location on the closure skirt Brothers; Fastex; Owens-Illinois Squeeze and Turn, Tab-Loc; Polyseal Corp;
Berry Plastics-Squeeze & turn jigger-Lite-touch; Weatherchem-Top Squeeze;
Kerr-Tab II Squeeze & Turn; Ricke FS633, HZ43CR, HZ24CR; US Can-
Screw top
C Random squeeze while turning; no orientation of the squeeze force is Owens-Illinois
necessary
D Holding a fitment while turning; two-handed operation is normally required and Thomas Closure Moldcraft;M&M Industries, Inc.-Life Latch
no orientation of holding force is specified
E Key or device required to open Research and Devices; Ben King Associates Baby Safe; Tredegar
F Random lift while turning; no orientation of the lift force is necessary
G Localized lift of cap skirt or tab on closure while turning Charles A. Breskin; Alcoa Tot Gard II
H Localized push down while turning; force must be applied to a designated Mack Wayne Plastics; Anchor Hocking Mold Craft; Owens-Illinois
place on the top of the closure
I Set combination before turning None at this time
J Pull tab then turn Intermova Gate Lok, Lefty Lok
K Align arrows, then push tab down, then turn Owens-Illinois Cognitive Closure
L Turn closure until stops, then lift and continue trying to open Berry Plastics Corp.-pail
M Localized push in while turning, force must be applied to designated place on U S Can Company-pail
closure
N Localized push back lever while turning, force must be applied to designated None at this time
place on closure
O Turn the top cap until stops, then push down and turn M&M Industries, Inc
TYPE II RECLOSABLE PACKAGING—LUG FINISH CLOSURE
A Random push down while turning Eyelet Specialty; Pac-Tec Inc.-Palm-N-Owens-Illinois Screw Loc; Kerr CR-V &
Friendly and Safe; Thornton Plastics Tot-Lok; Child Related Research, Inc.
Push-Palm; Design Consultant Plastics; Iventive Packaging Corp., Clarke
Container Push & Turn
B Hold fitment down while turning closure Rexam Snap-Lok, Econo-Lok, Tip Lok; Owen-Illinois-1-Clik
C Unlock outer ring to release lugs Thornton Plastics
D Depress fitment and slide to one side Plastic box with sliding lug lock (manufacturer unknown); Creative Packaging
Lok-Pak
E Holding of fitment while turning; two-handed operation is normally required None at this time
and no orientation of holding force is specified
TYPE III RECLOSABLE PACKAGING—SNAP CLOSURE
A(1) Align two points then push up on tab or lip Bristol-Myers; Calmar Snap Safe; Stull; Plastic Research; Henlopen Snap Cap;
Lermer CR Snap; Owens-Illinois Snaploc; Central States Can Co.;
Boyle Midway; Clarke Container Snap Lok; VH Technologies-virtual hinge;
Saf-Cap I,
...