ASTM F3200-23

Standard Terminology for Robotics, Automation, and Autonomous Systems

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers terms associated with robotic, automation, and autonomous systems. By providing a common and consistent lexicon, the purpose of this terminology is to facilitate communication between individuals who may be involved in the research, design, deployment, and use of robotic, automation, and autonomous systems, including but not limited to, for manufacturing, distribution, security, healthcare, response, etc. The terminology covers, but is not limited to, terms used in performance test methods of for example: robot arms, automatic guided vehicles (AGVs), autonomous mobile robots, and all other automatic or autonomous industrial systems.  
1.2 For the terminology to be harmonious with the practices in the field, definitions have been drawn from the literature or other public sources when possible. When no definition is available, is similar but requires change for use within standards produced by Committee F45, or in dispute, a consensus-based approach will be used to resolve definitions and add them to the lexicon. The development of this terminology is taking place in close coordination with corresponding efforts in all Committee F45 subcommittees to ensure comprehensive and consistent coverage.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2023
• ICS: 01.040.43 - Road vehicle engineering (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 43.020 - Road vehicles in general
• ICS: 43.040.15 - Car informatics. On board computer systems
• Technical Committee: F45 - Robotics, Automation, and Autonomous Systems
• Drafting Committee: F45.91 - Terminology

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F3200-22a - Standard Terminology for Robotics, Automation, and Autonomous Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3381-19 - Standard Practice for Describing Stationary Obstacles Utilized within A-UGV Test Methods
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3243-21 - Standard Practice for Implementing Communications Impairments on A-UGV Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3327-18 - Standard Practice for Recording the A-UGV Test Configuration
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3244-21 - Standard Test Method for Navigation: Defined Area
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3584-22 - Standard Test Method for Exoskeleton Use: Obstacle Avoidance: Walking
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3218-19 - Standard Practice for Documenting Environmental Conditions for Utilization with A-UGV Test Methods
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3470-20 - Standard Guide for A-UGV Capabilities
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3499-21 - Standard Test Method for Confirming the Docking Performance of A-UGVs
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3588-22 - Standard Guide for Set of Objects used with A-UGVs
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3443-20 - Standard Practice for Load Handling When Using an Exoskeleton
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3323-21 - Standard Terminology for Exoskeletons and Exosuits
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3519-21 - Standard Guide for Establishing a Reporting Structure for Exoskeleton Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3265-17 - Standard Test Method for Grid-Video Obstacle Measurement
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023

Overview

ASTM F3200-23: Standard Terminology for Robotics, Automation, and Autonomous Systems provides a comprehensive vocabulary essential for professionals engaged in the research, design, deployment, and operation of robotic, automation, and autonomous systems. Published by ASTM International, this standard serves as a foundation for consistent communication across industries such as manufacturing, logistics, healthcare, security, and emergency response. By establishing a shared lexicon, ASTM F3200-23 helps organizations streamline collaboration, ensure interoperability, and facilitate conformance to best practices in robotics and automation.

Key Topics

• Terminology Framework: The standard defines key terms related to robots, automatic guided vehicles (AGVs), autonomous mobile robots (AMRs), manipulators, control systems, sensors, mapping, navigation, and more.
• Industry Relevance: Vocabulary supports specificity in manufacturing automation, warehouse logistics, industrial security, healthcare robotics, and other domains relying on automated or autonomous systems.
• Definitions Sourced from Literature: Where possible, definitions are harmonized with industry practices and international standards, with consensus-based approaches for new or disputed terms.
• Coordination Across Subcommittees: Terminology is developed in close collaboration with ASTM Committee F45 and its subcommittees to maintain industry-wide consistency and broad coverage.

Applications

Adoption of ASTM F3200-23 delivers practical benefits for a wide range of stakeholders:

• Design & Development: Robotics engineers, automation specialists, and system integrators use these definitions to ensure system specifications, documentation, and communications are unambiguous and universally understood.
• Testing & Validation: Standardized terminology is critical for defining and comparing performance test methods, including but not limited to robot arms, AGVs, and autonomous mobile robots.
• Procurement & Deployment: Buyers, implementers, and end-users can align expectations and requirements across global supply chains, simplifying the integration of new automation technologies.
• Training & Operations: The standard assists in educating operators, maintenance personnel, and support staff, minimizing errors and ensuring efficient use of robotic and automated solutions.
• Cross-industry Collaboration: Consistent vocabulary enhances interdisciplinary and international projects, supporting broader initiatives in digital transformation and smart manufacturing.

Related Standards

ASTM F3200-23 references and complements other key standards and internationally recognized documents, including:

• ASTM F3244: Test Method for Navigation: Defined Area - establishes procedures for assessing navigation accuracy of AGVs/AMRs.
• ASTM F3499: Test Method for Confirming the Docking Performance of A-UGVs.
• ANSI/ITSDF B56.5: Safety Standard for Driverless, Automatic Guided Industrial Vehicles.
• ISO 8373: Robots and Robotic Devices – Vocabulary, providing internationally harmonized terminology.
• ISO 12100: Safety of Machinery – General Principles for Design – Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction.

Practical Value

Implementing ASTM F3200-23 helps ensure that all stakeholders in the robotics, automation, and autonomous systems ecosystem are speaking the same language. Whether specifying systems, conducting performance testing, writing manuals, or creating safety protocols, users benefit from clarity and reduced risk of misinterpretation. This standard is a vital resource for anyone involved in the fast-evolving fields of industrial automation and robotic systems integration.

For full details and official scope, consult the current publication of ASTM F3200-23 via ASTM International.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3200 − 23
Standard Terminology for
Robotics, Automation, and Autonomous Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3200; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This terminology covers terms associated with robotic,
F3244 Test Method for Navigation: Defined Area
automation, and autonomous systems. By providing a common
F3499 Test Method for Confirming the Docking Perfor-
and consistent lexicon, the purpose of this terminology is to
mance of A-UGVs
facilitate communication between individuals who may be
2.2 ANSI/ITSDF Standard:
involved in the research, design, deployment, and use of
ANSI/ITSDF B56.5 Safety Standard for Driverless, Auto-
robotic, automation, and autonomous systems, including but
matic Guided Industrial Vehicles and Automated Func-
not limited to, for manufacturing, distribution, security,
tions of Manned Industrial Vehicles
healthcare, response, etc. The terminology covers, but is not
2.3 ISO Standards:
limited to, terms used in performance test methods of for
ISO 8373 Robots and Robotic Devices – Vocabulary
example: robot arms, automatic guided vehicles (AGVs),
ISO 12100 Safety of machinery – General principles for
autonomous mobile robots, and all other automatic or autono-
design – Risk assessment and risk reduction
mous industrial systems.
3. Terminology
1.2 For the terminology to be harmonious with the practices
3.1 Terminology is delineated into multiple sub-sections of
in the field, definitions have been drawn from the literature or
terms and definitions beginning with general definitions that
other public sources when possible. When no definition is
may be useful across all robotic, automation, and autonomous
available, is similar but requires change for use within stan-
systems areas. Following are sub-sections for specific areas
dards produced by Committee F45, or in dispute, a consensus-
within robotic, automation, and autonomous systems areas.
based approach will be used to resolve definitions and add
Each F45 standard includes a statement in the Terminology
them to the lexicon. The development of this terminology is
section referencing the sub-section(s) and term(s) within this
taking place in close coordination with corresponding efforts in
standard. F45 standards may include terminology from one or
all Committee F45 subcommittees to ensure comprehensive
more sections. For example, A-UGV terms within A-UGV-
and consistent coverage.
specific Test Methods F3244 and F3499 include terms within
General and A-UGV Definition sections.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 General Definitions:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
adaptive control, n—control scheme whereby the control
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
system parameters are adjusted from conditions detected
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
during the process.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
aisle, n—in a facility, the passageway between locations where
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
temporary or permanent obstructions may exist.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ambient temperature, n—temperature of the atmosphere
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
surrounding equipment.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F45 on the ASTM website.
Robotics, Automation, and Autonomous Systems and is the direct responsibility of Available from Industrial Truck Standards Development Foundation, 1750 K
Subcommittee F45.91 on Terminology. St., NW, Suite 460, Washington, DC 20006, http://www.itsdf.org.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
approved in 2016. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as F3200 – 22a. DOI: Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
10.1520/F3200-23. Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3200 − 23
ampere-hour capacity, n—amount of electrical energy that configuration, n—all hardware, software, and settings needed
can be delivered from an energy storage unit at a specified to operate the robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV)
discharge rate under specified conditions. as specified.
authorized person, n—trained or qualified personnel approved contour area, n—area that includes the physical boundaries of
or assigned to perform a specific duty or duties. an object or system (for example, A-UGV, robot) including
payload, onboard equipment, trailer, or combinations thereof
automatic data capture, n—identification and direct collec-
with respect to a referenced viewpoint (for example, A-UGV,
tion of data into a computer system or other micro-
robot vision system, from above).
processor-controlled device without using a keyboard (for
example, technologies that support the function are: barcode, controls and control system, n—hardware and software re-
radio frequency data communication, radio frequency quired to operate the robotic system (for example, robot,
identification, and other emerging technologies). A-UGV) and communicate with the environment (equip-
DISCUSSION—Other similar terms are automatic data collection or
ment and users).
automatic identification.
cycle, single, n—single execution of a task program.
axis of motion, n—axis along which the robotic joint or
DISCUSSION—A repetition may contain one or more cycles; see
A-UGV moves.
repetition.
barcode, n—system of printed patterns that represent alphanu-
cycle time, n—time required to perform a cycle.
meric data that are able to be read optically.
defined areas, n—space constrained by test method boundaries
barcode reader, n—device used to read a barcode.
for robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV) operation.
benchmarking, v—measurement process that can be used for
distance accuracy, n—difference between a command dis-
comparison against best industry practices or established
tance and the attained distance over a set of points.
goals, operating targets, and performance expectations.
drift, n—movement from the designated hold point because of
braking, v—any processor or actuator used to slow or stop the
the system’s inability to maintain a fixed position.
robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV).
echo, n—time elapsed between signal emission and reception
bumper, physical, n—surface designed to absorb or withstand
that is used to determine target position in a sensor.
impact.
emergency stop (E-stop), n—function which is intended to:
clearance, n—additional margin, beyond the contour area, that
(1) avert arising or reduce existing hazards to persons,
is defined for uninterrupted system operation. See Fig. 1.
damage to machinery or to work in progress, and
(2) be initiated by a single human action. ISO 12100
collision prevention, n—use of sensors to detect the presence
of obstacles and, through the use of integrated controls,
environment map or environment model, n—map or model
prevent a collision from occurring; see obstacle avoidance.
that describes an environment with its distinguishable
features. ISO 8373
commissioning, v—sequence of actions of setting up and
DISCUSSION—Examples are grid map, geometrical map, topological
checking the robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV)
map, and so forth.
followed by the verification of the robotic system functions
exteroceptive sensor or external state sensor, n—robotic
after installation.
DISCUSSION—Sometimes called acceptance. system (for example, robot, A-UGV) sensor intended to
FIG. 1 Contour area and Clearance
(a) Between an A-UGV and Infrastructure and
(b) Between an Obstacle and Infrastructure
F3200 − 23
DISCUSSION—Master-slave control is typically used for manual con-
measure the state of a system’s environment or interaction of
trol.
the system with its environment.
DISCUSSION—Examples are global positioning system (GPS), vision
maximum force or maximum thrust, n—force (thrust), ex-
sensor, distance sensor, force sensor, tactile sensor, and acoustic sensor.
cluding any inertial effect, that can be continuously applied
globalization, n—ability of the robotic system (for example,
without causing any permanent damage.
robot, A-UGV) to articulate its pose within a specified
maximum moment or maximum torque, n—moment
reference frame.
(torque) excluding any inertial effect that can be continu-
human-machine interaction, HMI, n—information and ac-
ously applied without causing any permanent damage.
tion exchanges between human and robotic system (for
non-contact sensing device, n—device used to sense the
example, robot, A-UGV) to perform a task by means of a
presence, location, or other characteristics of objects without
user interface.
physical contact.
impairment(s), n—an object, feature, or quality of the situa-
tion that is utilized to disrupt intended robotic system (for
non-restricted area, n—area in which the robotic system (for
example, robot, A-UGV) operation, such as the inclusion of
example, robot, A-UGV) may operate and is shared with
obstacles or communication failures during task perfor-
personnel.
mance.
normal operating conditions, n—range of conditions that can
infrastructure, n—the parts and features of the facility and its
influence robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV)
environment that are not intended to be moved or changed
performance (such as electrical supply instability, electro-
(for example, walls, hills, doorways).
magnetic fields) within which the performance of the robotic
system specified by the manufacturer is valid.
integration, n—act of combining a robotic system (for
DISCUSSION—This could also include environmental conditions, for
example, robot, A-UGV) with other software or hardware, or
example, temperature and humidity.
both.
object, n—anything in the environment that is not infrastruc-
integrator, n—party that installs and commissions robotic,
ture.
automated, and/or autonomous systems into the environment
where it will be operating.
object detection, n—use of sensors to identify the presence of
DISCUSSION—Also called implementer.
an object.
intended path/trajectory, n—heading of a robot or A-UGV at
obstacle, n—static or moving object that obstructs the intended
a given instant in time dictated by the control logic,
movement.
recognizing that the heading is a dynamic property and can
change at any instant in time depending on conditions in the
obstacle avoidance, n—autonomously avoiding impact with
operating environment (for example, the decision for a robot
obstacles (for example, stopping, driving around).
to change goals or an A-UGV to navigate around an
operator control unit (OCU), n—device linked (wireless or
obstacle); see path deviation.
wired) to the control system with which a robotic system (for
interlock, v, n—method to limit or prevent the operation of
example, robot, A-UGV) can be programmed or moved; see
machin
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3200 − 22a F3200 − 23
Standard Terminology for
Robotics, Automation, and Autonomous Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3200; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers terms associated with robotic, automation, and autonomous systems. By providing a common and
consistent lexicon, the purpose of this terminology is to facilitate communication between individuals who may be involved in the
research, design, deployment, and use of robotic, automation, and autonomous systems, including but not limited to, for
manufacturing, distribution, security, healthcare, response, etc. The terminology covers, but is not limited to, terms used in
performance test methods of for example: robot arms, automatic guided vehicles (AGVs), autonomous mobile robots, and all other
automatic or autonomous industrial systems.
1.2 For the terminology to be harmonious with the practices in the field, definitions have been drawn from the literature or other
public sources when possible. When no definition is available, is similar but requires change for use within standards produced
by Committee F45, or in dispute, a consensus-based approach will be used to resolve definitions and add them to the lexicon. The
development of this terminology is taking place in close coordination with corresponding efforts in all Committee F45
subcommittees to ensure comprehensive and consistent coverage.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F3244 Test Method for Navigation: Defined Area
F3499 Test Method for Confirming the Docking Performance of A-UGVs
2.2 ANSI/ITSDF Standard:
ANSI/ITSDF B56.5 Safety Standard for Driverless, Automatic Guided Industrial Vehicles and Automated Functions of Manned
Industrial Vehicles
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F45 on Robotics, Automation, and Autonomous Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F45.91 on Terminology.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2022Dec. 1, 2023. Published January 2023December 2023. Originally approved in 2016. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as
F3200 – 22.F3200 – 22a. DOI: 10.1520/F3200-22A.10.1520/F3200-23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from Industrial Truck Standards Development Foundation, 1750 K St., NW, Suite 460, Washington, DC 20006, http://www.itsdf.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3200 − 23
2.3 ISO Standards:
ISO 8373 Robots and Robotic Devices – Vocabulary
ISO 12100 Safety of machinery – General principles for design – Risk assessment and risk reduction
3. Terminology
3.1 Terminology is delineated into multiple sub-sections of terms and definitions beginning with general definitions that may be
useful across all robotic, automation, and autonomous systems areas. Following are sub-sections for specific areas within robotic,
automation, and autonomous systems areas. Each F45 standard includes a statement in the Terminology section referencing the
sub-section(s) and term(s) within this standard. F45 standards may include terminology from one or more sections. For example,
A-UGV terms within A-UGV-specific Test Methods F3244 and F3499 include terms within General and A-UGV Definition
sections.
3.2 General Definitions:
adaptive control, n—control scheme whereby the control system parameters are adjusted from conditions detected during the
process.
aisle, n—in a facility, the passageway between locations where temporary or permanent obstructions may exist.
ambient temperature, n—temperature of the atmosphere surrounding equipment.
ampere-hour capacity, n—amount of electrical energy that can be delivered from an energy storage unit at a specified discharge
rate under specified conditions.
authorized person, n—trained or qualified personnel approved or assigned to perform a specific duty or duties.
automatic data capture, n—identification and direct collection of data into a computer system or other micro-processor-
controlled device without using a keyboard (for example, technologies that support the function are: barcode, radio frequency
data communication, radio frequency identification, and other emerging technologies).
DISCUSSION—
Other similar terms are automatic data collection or automatic identification.
axis of motion, n—axis along which the robotic joint or A-UGV moves.
barcode, n—system of printed patterns that represent alphanumeric data that are able to be read optically.
barcode reader, n—device used to read a barcode.
benchmarking, v—measurement process that can be used for comparison against best industry practices or established goals,
operating targets, and performance expectations.
braking, v—any processor or actuator used to slow or stop the robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV).
bumper, physical, n—surface designed to absorb or withstand impact.
clearance, n—additional margin, beyond the contour area, that is defined for uninterrupted A-UGVsystem operation. See Fig.
1.
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva,
Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
F3200 − 23
FIG. 1 Contour area and Clearance
(a) Between an A-UGV and Infrastructure and
(b) Between an Obstacle and Infrastructure
collision prevention, n—use of sensors to detect the presence of obstacles and, through the use of integrated controls, prevent
a collision from occurring; see obstacle avoidance.
commissioning, v—sequence of actions of setting up and checking the robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV) followed
by the verification of the robotic system functions after installation.
DISCUSSION—
Sometimes called acceptance.
configuration, n—all hardware, software, and settings needed to operate the robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV) as
specified.
contour area, n—area that includes the physical boundaries of the obstacle or A-UGV and its an object or system (for example,
A-UGV, robot) including payload, onboard equipment, or trailer, or combinations thereof.thereof with respect to a referenced
viewpoint (for example, A-UGV, robot vision system, from above).
controls and control system, n—hardware and software required to operate the robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV) and
communicate with the environment (equipment and users).
cycle, single, n—single execution of a task program.
DISCUSSION—
A repetition may contain one or more cycles; see repetition.
cycle time, n—time required to perform a cycle.
defined areas, n—space constrained by test method boundaries for robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV) operation.
distance accuracy, n—difference between a command distance and the attained distance over a set of points.
drift, n—movement from the designated hold point because of the system’s inability to maintain a fixed position.
echo, n—time elapsed between signal emission and reception that is used to determine target position in a sensor.
emergency stop (E-stop), n—function which is intended to:
F3200 − 23
—avert(1) avert arising or reduce existing hazards to persons, damage to maochinerymachinery or to work in progress, and
—be(2) be initiated by a single human action. ISO 12100
environment map or environment model, n—map or model that describes an environment with its distinguishable features.
ISO 8373
DISCUSSION—
Examples are grid map, geometrical map, topological map, and so forth.
exteroceptive sensor or external state sensor, n—robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV) sensor intended to measure the
state of a system’s environment or interaction of the system with its environment.
DISCUSSION—
Examples are global positioning system (GPS), vision sensor, distance sensor, force sensor, tactile sensor, and acoustic sensor.
globalization, n—ability of the robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV) to articulate its pose within a specified reference
frame.
human-machine interaction, HMI, n—information and action exchanges between human and robotic system (for example,
robot, A-UGV) to perform a task by means of a user interface.
impairment(s), n—an object, feature, or quality of the situation that is utilized to disrupt intended robotic system (for example,
robot, A-UGV) operation, such as the inclusion of obstacles or communication failures during task performance.
infrastructure, n—the parts and features of the facility and its environment that are not intended to be moved or changed (for
example, walls, hills, doorways).
integration, n—act of combining a robotic system (for example, robot, A-UGV) with other software or hardware, or both.
integrator, n—party that installs and commissions robotic, automated, and/or autonomous systems into the environment where
it will be operating.
DISCUSSION—
Also called implementer.
intended path/trajectory, n—heading of a robot or A-UGV at a given instant in time dictated by the control logic, recognizing
that the heading is a dynamic property and can change at any instant in time depending on conditions in the operating
environment (for example, the decision for a robot to change goals or an A-UGV to navigate around an obstacle); see path
deviation.
interlock, v,n—method to limit or prevent the operation of machine functions under specified conditions of the system.
joystick, n—manually controlled input device whose variable positions and orientations or applied forces are measured and
result in commands to the robotic control system.
load-bearing surface, n—actual area of material in contact with and supporting a unit load.
manual mode, manual control, manual operation, n—operating mode in which the complete robotic system (for example,
robot, A-UGV) is under control of an operator.
manufacturer, n—company or organization responsible for the vehicle system to be installed and integrated into the
environment where it will be operating.party that designs, makes, and/or sells robotic, automated, and/or autonomous systems.
F3200 − 23
mapping or map building or map generation, n—constructing the environment map to describe the environment with its
geometrical and detectable features, landmarks, and obstacles. ISO 8373
master-slave control, n—control method in which the motion of a primary device (master) is reproduced on secondary devices
(slaves). ISO 8373
DISCUSSION—
Master-slave control is typically used for manual control.
maximum force or maximum thrust, n—force (thrust), excluding any inertial effect, that can be continuously applied without
causing any permanent damage.
maximum moment or maximum torque, n—moment (torque) excluding any inertial effect that can be continuously applied
without causing any permanent damage.
non-contact sensing device, n—device used
...