ASTM D2574-16

Standard Test Method for Resistance of Emulsion Paints in the Container to Attack by Microorganisms

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Spoilage of paint in the container can result in putrefaction, lowered pH, gas formation, and decrease in viscosity. This test method provides a standard procedure for the evaluation of the resistance of emulsion paints to microbial deterioration. The results should enable: (1) the paint manufacturer to select an effective preservative and (2) the supplier of preservatives to evaluate the performance in emulsion paints of competitive and developmental preservatives.  
4.2 This test method should be used preferably by persons who have had basic microbiological training.
Note 1: The reliability of the results obtained from this test method is extremely dependent on the techniques employed. Improper techniques can result in a sterile sample appearing to be contaminated, and even worse, a contaminated sample appearing to be sterile (see also Note 2). It is recommended that you consult with your biocide supplier, raw material supplier, or an independent testing laboratory to confirm questionable results. Formulation and raw materials’ quality may also vary and thereby affect the test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative resistance of emulsion paints to attack in the container by microorganisms.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2016
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.28 - Biodeterioration

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2574-06(2012) - Standard Test Method for Resistance of Emulsion Paints in the Container to Attack by Microorganisms
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2016
• Replaced By: ASTM D2574-16(2020)e1 - Standard Test Method for Resistance of Emulsion Paints in the Container to Attack by Microorganisms
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2020
• Referred By: ASTM D5324-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing Water-Borne Architectural Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D6577-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D6763-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing Exterior Wood Stains and Clear Water Repellents
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2574 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Resistance of Emulsion Paints in the Container to Attack by
1
Microorganisms
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2574; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ofpreservativestoevaluatetheperformanceinemulsionpaints
of competitive and developmental preservatives.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative
resistance of emulsion paints to attack in the container by
4.2 This test method should be used preferably by persons
microorganisms.
who have had basic microbiological training.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
NOTE 1—The reliability of the results obtained from this test method is
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
extremely dependent on the techniques employed. Improper techniques
can result in a sterile sample appearing to be contaminated, and even
only.
worse, a contaminated sample appearing to be sterile (see also Note 2). It
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
is recommended that you consult with your biocide supplier, raw material
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
supplier, or an independent testing laboratory to confirm questionable
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- results. Formulation and raw materials’quality may also vary and thereby
affect the test results.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Apparatus and Materials
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Balance, capable of weighing to 0.10 g.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 Incubator, or other device capable of maintaining a
D5588 Test Method for Determination of the Microbial
constant temperature between 28 and 32°C.
Condition of Paint, Paint Raw Materials, and Plant Areas
5.3 Refrigerator, maintained at 10 to 13°C.
3. Summary of Test Method
5.4 Screwcap Borosilicate Test Tubes, 125 by 15-mm.
3.1 Thistestmethodisdesignedtochallengesamplesofone
5.5 Borosilicate Flasks, 1-L.
or more paints containing various levels of one or more
5.6 Screwcap Bottles, 150-mL.
biocides with a known amount of bacteria and rate the ability
of the test paint(s) to control the “contamination.”
5.7 Autoclave, capable of producing 103 kPa (15 psi) of
steam pressure at 121°C and maintaining it for a minimum of
4. Significance and Use
15 min. An autoclave is not necessary if prepared agar slants
4.1 Spoilage of paint in the container can result in are used.
putrefaction, lowered pH, gas formation, and decrease in
5.8 Pipettes or an Automatic Pipettor, sterile, 1-mL, with
viscosity. This test method provides a standard procedure for
sterile disposable pipette tips for 1 mL.
the evaluation of the resistance of emulsion paints to microbial
5.9 Petri Dishes, sterile.
deterioration. The results should enable: (1) the paint manu-
facturer to select an effective preservative and (2) the supplier
5.10 Dehydrated Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA), medium, or pre-
3
prepared slants, plates, and broth tubes.
5.11 Swabs, sterile cotton.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.28 on Biodeterioration.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2016.PublishedJuly2016.Originallyapproved
3
in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D2574 – 06 (2012). DOI: Available from microbiological supply companies. Media with TTC indicator
10.1520/D2574-16. dye may be used. In general, the TTC helps visualize contamination, but it has been
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or reported on occasion to inhibit the growth of some bacteria. Interferences from
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM pigments in materials being tested may make the color change difficult to see. If
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on self-prepared plates are used with the TTC indicator, 0.01 % TTC indicator should
the ASTM website. be used and it must be added after autoclaving.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2574 − 16
5.12 Laminar Flow Hood, Sterile Room, or at Least a off with a sterile inoculating loop. This material is inoculated
Laboratory Testing Area, relatively clean, free of blowi
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2574 − 06 (Reapproved 2012) D2574 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Resistance of Emulsion Paints in the Container to Attack by
1
Microorganisms
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2574; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative resistance of emulsion paints to attack in the container by
microorganisms.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5588 Test Method for Determination of the Microbial Condition of Paint, Paint Raw Materials, and Plant Areas
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 This test method is designed to challenge samples of one or more paints containing various levels of one or more biocides
with a known amount of bacteria and rate the ability of the test paint(s) to control the “contamination.”
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Spoilage of paint in the container can result in putrefaction, lowered pH, gas formation, and decrease in viscosity. This test
method provides a standard procedure for the evaluation of the resistance of emulsion paints to microbial deterioration. The results
should enable: (1) the paint manufacturer to select an effective preservative and (2) the supplier of preservatives to evaluate the
performance in emulsion paints of competitive and developmental preservatives.
4.2 This test method should be used preferably by persons who have had basic microbiological training.
NOTE 1—The reliability of the results obtained from this test method is extremely dependent on the techniques employed. Improper techniques can
result in a sterile sample appearing to be contaminated, and even worse, a contaminated sample appearing to be sterile (see also Note 2). It is
recommended that you consult with your biocide supplier, raw material supplier, or an independent testing laboratory to confirm questionable results.
Formulation and raw materials’materials’ quality may also vary and thereby affect the test results.
5. Apparatus and Materials
5.1 Balance, capable of weighing to 0.10 g.
5.2 Incubator, or other device capable of maintaining a constant temperature between 28 and 32°C.
5.3 Refrigerator, maintained at 10 to 13°C.
5.4 Screwcap Borosilicate Test Tubes, 125 by 15-mm.
5.5 Borosilicate Flasks, 1-L.
5.6 Screwcap Bottles, 150-mL.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.28 on Biodeterioration.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012June 1, 2016. Published July 2012July 2016. Originally approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 20062012 as
D2574 – 06.D2574 – 06 (2012). DOI: 10.1520/D2574-06R12.10.1520/D2574-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2574 − 16
5.7 Autoclave, capable of producing 103 kPa (15 psi) of steam pressure at 121°C and maintaining it for a minimum of 15 min.
An autoclave is not necessary if prepared agar slants are used.
5.8 Pipettes or an Automatic Pipettor, sterile, 1-mL, with sterile disposable pipette tips for 1 mL.
5.9 Petri Dishes, sterile.
3
5.10 Dehydrated Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA), medium, or pre-prepared slants, plates, and broth tubes.
5.11 Swabs, sterile cotton.
5.12 Laminar Flow Hood, Sterile Room, or at Least a Laboratory Testing Area, relatively clean, free of blowing dust and dirt,
etc., which can be used for streaking plates.
5.13 Antiseptic Solution, to help maintain ster
...