ASTM D7750-23

Standard Test Method for Cure Behavior of Thermosetting Resins by Dynamic Mechanical Procedures using an Encapsulated Specimen Rheometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method provides a simple means of characterizing the cure behavior of a thermosetting resin specimen that is a representation of a composite part. The diameter of the specimen is approximately 38 mm and the thickness ranges from 2.6 mm to 3.2 mm. This corresponds to a sample volume of approximately 3 cm3 to 4 cm3. The data may be used for quality control, research and development, and verifying the cure within processing equipment including autoclaves.  
5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive method for determining cure characteristics by measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of temperature or time, or both. Plots of cure behavior and tan delta of a material provide graphical representation indicative of cure behavior under a specified time-temperature profile. The presence of fibers within the resin may change the dynamic properties measured within a material. However, it is still possible to compare different resins with the same fiber structure and obtain the relative difference due to the resin cure properties.  
5.3 This method can be used to assess the following:  
5.3.1 Cure behavior, as well as changes as a function of temperature or time, or both,  
5.3.2 Processing behavior, as well as changes as a function of temperature or time, or both,  
5.3.3 The effects of processing treatments,  
5.3.4 Relative resin behavioral properties, including cure behavior, damping and impact resistance,  
5.3.5 The effects of reinforcement on cure; the reinforcement can be a fiber or a filler,  
5.3.6 The effects of materials used to bond the resin and reinforcement,  
5.3.7 The effect of formulation additives that might affect processability or performance.  
5.4 This provides a method to assess the cure properties of a thermosetting resin containing woven fiber or other reinforcing materials.  
5.5 This method is valid for a wide range of oscillation frequencies typically from 0.002 Hz to 50 Hz.
Note 1: It is recommended tha...
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for determination and reporting of the thermal advancement of cure behavior of thermosetting resin on an inert filler or fiber in a laboratory. It may also be used for determining the cure properties of resins without fillers or fibers. These encapsulated specimens are deformed in torsional shear using dynamic mechanical methods.  
1.2 This method is intended to provide means for determining the cure behavior of thermosetting resins on fibers over a range of temperatures from room temperature to 250 °C by forced-constant amplitude techniques (in accordance with Practice D4065). Plots of complex modulus, complex viscosity, and damping ratio or tan delta as a function of time or temperature, or both, quantify the thermal advancement or cure characteristics of a resin or a resin on filler or fiber.  
1.3 Test data obtained by this method is relevant and appropriate for optimizing cure cycles.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—The Fahrenheit temperature measurement in 10.1 is provided for information only and is not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2023
• ICS: 83.080.10 - Thermosetting materials
• Technical Committee: D30 - Composite Materials
• Drafting Committee: D30.03 - Constituent/Precursor Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7750 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Cure Behavior of Thermosetting Resins by Dynamic
Mechanical Procedures using an Encapsulated Specimen
1
Rheometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7750; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This method covers the use of dynamic mechanical
instrumentation for determination and reporting of the thermal
2. Referenced Documents
advancement of cure behavior of thermosetting resin on an
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
inert filler or fiber in a laboratory. It may also be used for
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
determining the cure properties of resins without fillers or
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
fibers. These encapsulated specimens are deformed in torsional
als
shear using dynamic mechanical methods.
D4065 Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Proper-
1.2 This method is intended to provide means for determin-
ties: Determination and Report of Procedures
ing the cure behavior of thermosetting resins on fibers over a
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical
range of temperatures from room temperature to 250 °C by
Properties
forced-constant amplitude techniques (in accordance with
D4473 Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Prop-
Practice D4065). Plots of complex modulus, complex
erties: Cure Behavior
viscosity, and damping ratio or tan delta as a function of time
D6507 Practice for Fiber Reinforcement Orientation Codes
or temperature, or both, quantify the thermal advancement or
for Composite Materials
cure characteristics of a resin or a resin on filler or fiber.
D7028 Test Method for Glass Transition Temperature (DMA
Tg) of Polymer Matrix Composites by Dynamic Mechani-
1.3 Test data obtained by this method is relevant and
appropriate for optimizing cure cycles. cal Analysis (DMA)
E380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3
(SI) (the Modernized Metric System) (Withdrawn 1997)
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3. Terminology
1.4.1 Exception—The Fahrenheit temperature measurement
3.1 Definitions: For most definitions applicable to this
in 10.1 is provided for information only and is not considered
method refer to Terminology D4092.
standard.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1 Encapsulated Sample Parallel Plate Rheometer—
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer apparatus that holds the speci-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
men under pressure within a confined cavity. The apparatus is
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
designed to contain the resin within the specimen throughout
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the progress of the cure.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Summary of Test Method
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1 A small circular specimen is assembled from uncured
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
thermoset resin materials that correspond to a representation of
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.03 on contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Constituent/Precursor Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D7750 – 12 (2017). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D7750-23. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D7750 − 23
information. Slower frequencies will miss important cure properties.
a composite part. This specimen is placed in mechanical
Faster frequenci
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7750 − 12 (Reapproved 2017) D7750 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Cure Behavior of Thermosetting Resins by Dynamic
Mechanical Procedures using an Encapsulated Specimen
1
Rheometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7750; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This method covers the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for determination and reporting of the thermal
advancement of cure behavior of thermosetting resin on an inert filler or fiber in a laboratory. It may also be used for determining
the cure properties of filled resins and resins without reinforcements.without fillers or fibers. These encapsulated specimens are
deformed in torsional shear using dynamic mechanical methods.
1.2 This method is intended to provide means for determining the cure behavior of thermosetting resins on fibers over a range of
temperatures from room temperature to 250°C250 °C by forced-constant amplitude techniques (in accordance with Practice
D4065). Plots of complex modulus, complex viscosity, and damping ratio or tan delta as a function of time or temperature, or both,
quantify the thermal advancement or cure characteristics of a resin or a resin on filler or fiber.
1.3 Test data obtained by this method is relevant and appropriate for optimizing cure cycles.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4.1 Exception—The fahrenheitFahrenheit temperature measurement in 10.1 is provided for information only and is not
considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.03 on
Constituent/Precursor Properties.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2017April 1, 2023. Published September 2017May 2023. Originally approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as
D7750–12. DOI: 10.1520/D7750-12R17. – 12 (2017). DOI: 10.1520/D7750-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7750 − 23
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
D4065 Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
D4473 Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Cure Behavior
D6507 Practice for Fiber Reinforcement Orientation Codes for Composite Materials
D7028 Test Method for Glass Transition Temperature (DMA Tg) of Polymer Matrix Composites by Dynamic Mechanical
Analysis (DMA)
3
E380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units (SI) (the Modernized Metric System) (Withdrawn 1997)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions: For most definitions applicable to this method refer to Terminology D4092.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 Encapsulated Sample Parallel Plate Rheometer—Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer apparatus that holds the specimen under
pressure within a confined cavity. The apparatus is designed to contain the resin within the specimen throughout the progress of
the cure.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A small circular specimen is assembled from uncured thermoset resin materials that corres
...