ASTM D3161-05
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Wind-Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (Fan-Induced Method)
Standard Test Method for Wind-Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (Fan-Induced Method)
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for testing asphalt shingles that are resistant to wind blow-up or blow-off when applied on low slopes in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. It is generally used to determine the blow-off resistance of sealed and interlocked shingles at a given wind velocity, but may be used to test unsealed or sealed shingles at other wind velocities as is applicable.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D3161–05
Standard Test Method for
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Wind-Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (Fan-Induced Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3161; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope to simulate. The results of this test do not directly correlate to
wind speeds experienced in service, and no accommodation is
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for testing asphalt
made in this test method for building height, building exposure
shingles that are resistant to wind blow-up or blow-off when
category, or building importance factor.
applied on low slopes in accordance with the manufacturer’s
3.2 Many factors influence the sealing characteristics of
instructions. It is generally used to determine the blow-off
shinglesinthefield;forexample,temperature,time,roofslope,
resistance of sealed and interlocked shingles at a given wind
contamination by dirt and debris, and fasteners that are
velocity, but may be used to test unsealed or sealed shingles at
misaligned or under-driven and interfere with sealing. It is
other wind velocities as is applicable.
beyond the scope of this test method to address all of these
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
influences.When testing shingles with sealant, this test method
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
is designed to determine the wind resistance when representa-
only.
tive samples of shingles are sealed under defined conditions
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
before testing.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Apparatus
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 Test Machine, capable of delivering a horizontal stream
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of air through a rectangular opening 914 mm (36 in.) wide and
2. Type and Classes of Shingles 305 mm (12 in.) high at a velocity not less than 97 km/h (60
mph). The test velocity shall not vary more than 65% as
2.1 Shingles are of two types:
measured at the orifice. The machine shall be equipped with an
2.1.1 Type I—Shingles with a factory-applied adhesive
adjustablestandtoreceiveatestpanelandbeadaptedtosetting
(self-sealing shingles).
the test panel at any desired slope, at any horizontal distance
2.1.2 Type II—Shingles of the lock type, with mechanically
from the lower edge of the duct opening, and at various angles
interlocking tabs or ears.
incident to the wind direction.
2.2 Shingles are of three classes:
4.2 Timer, capable of reading to the nearest minute.
2.2.1 Class A—Pass at a test velocity of 97 km/h (60 mph).
4.3 Mechanical Circulation Conditioning Cell or Room, for
2.2.2 Class D—Pass at a test velocity of 145 km/h (90
self-sealing shingles, having forced circulation of air capable
mph).
of receiving a 1.27-m (50-in.) wide by 1.68-m (66-in.) long, or
2.2.3 Class F—Pass at a test velocity of 177 km/h (110
larger test panel on a slope of 2 in. rise per foot (17 % slope)
mph).
and of maintaining a uniform temperature of 57 to 60°C (135
3. Significance and Use
to 140°F).
3.1 Most asphalt shingles that have demonstrated wind
5. Test Samples
resistance by this test have also performed well in use. Natural
5.1 The test panels shall be of plywood, tightly matched
wind conditions differ with respect to intensity, duration, and
sheathing boards, or other suitable decking material and not
turbulence; these conditions are beyond the means of this test
less than 1.27 by 1.68 m (50 by 66 in.) in size. They are to be
of such rigidity that they will not twist or distort with normal
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing
handling, or vibrate from the wind velocity during the test.
and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on
5.2 Apply self-sealing shingles to duplicate panels, parallel
Prepared Roofings, Shingles, and Siding Materials.
to the short dimension of the panel, in the normal manner
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2005. Published January 2006. Originally
recommended by the manufacturer. Use roofing nails, properly
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 3161 – 03b.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D3161–05
positioned in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, betw
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