ASTM G121-98

Standard Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents

SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for the preparation of single and double-sided contaminated metallic test coupons for the evaluation of cleaning agents. It is applicable for the evaluation of cleaning agents proposed for the cleaning of oxygen-enriched systems and components. It also is applicable to other systems where contamination is a concern.
1.2 Several classes of contaminants most likely to be found in oxygen-enriched systems and components are identified. However, if the user of this practice has identified contaminants not included in these classes, such identified contaminants may be substituted for the preparation of the test coupons.
1.3 Preparation of nonmetallic substrates is not addressed, although similar methodology may be used. Solvent and cleaning agent compatibility with the nonmetallic substrate should be verified prior to the preparation of the test coupons. Typical nonmetallic materials utilized in oxygen systems are contained in Guide G63.
1.4 This practice may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This practice does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whomever uses this practice to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-1998
• ICS: 71.100.40 - Surface active agents
• Technical Committee: G04 - Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Drafting Committee: G04.02 - Recommended Practices

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM G121-98(2004) - Standard Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM G144-01(2022) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Residual Contamination of Materials and Components by Total Carbon Analysis Using a High Temperature Combustion Analyzer
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM G131-96(2023)e1 - Standard Practice for Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic Techniques
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM D6361/D6361M-98(2020) - Standard Guide for Selecting Cleaning Agents and Processes
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F3127-22 - Standard Guide for Validating Cleaning Processes Used During the Manufacture of Medical Devices
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F2847-17 - Standard Practice for Reporting and Assessment of Residues on Single-Use Implants and Single-Use Sterile Instruments
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM G126-16(2023) - Standard Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM E3106-22 - Standard Guide for Science-Based and Risk-Based Cleaning Process Development and Validation
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM E3263-22e1 - Standard Practice for Qualification of Visual Inspection of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Equipment and Medical Devices for Residues
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F2459-18 - Standard Test Method for Extracting Residue from Metallic Medical Components and Quantifying via Gravimetric Analysis
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM G122-20 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents and Processes
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM G127-15(2023) - Standard Guide for the Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxygen-Enriched Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:G 121–98
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the
Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 121; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ticles from Aerospace Fluids on Membrane Filters
F 324 Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Volatile
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for the preparation
Cleaning Solvents Using the Solvent Purity Meter
of single- and double-sided contaminated metallic test coupons
F 331 Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Halogenated
for the evaluation of cleaning agents. It is applicable for the
Solvent Extract from Aerospace Components (Using Ro-
evaluation of cleaning agents proposed for the cleaning of
tary Flash Evaporator)
oxygen-enriched systems and components. It also is applicable
G 63 Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxy-
to other systems where contamination is a concern.
gen Service
1.2 Several classes of contaminants most likely to be found
G 94 Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
in oxygen-enriched systems and components are identified.
2.2 ANSI:
However, if the user of this practice has identified contami-
B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and
nants not included in these classes, such identified contami-
Lay)
nants may be substituted for the preparation of the test
coupons.
3. Terminology
1.3 Preparation of nonmetallic substrates is not addressed,
3.1 Definitions:
although similar methodology may be used. Solvent and
3.1.1 contaminant, n—unwanted molecular and particulate
cleaning agent compatibility with the nonmetallic substrate
matter that could affect or degrade the performance of the
should be verified prior to the preparation of the test coupons.
components upon which they reside.
Typical nonmetallic materials utilized in oxygen systems are
3.1.2 contamination, n—a process of contaminating.
contained in Guide G 63.
3.1.3 surface roughness, R , n—the arithmetic average de-
a
1.4 This practice may involve hazardous materials, opera-
viation of the surface profile from the centerline, normally
tions, and equipment. This practice does not purport to address
reported in micrometres.
all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4 nonvolatile residue (NVR), n—residual molecular and
responsibility of whomever uses this practice to consult and
particulate matter remaining following the filtration of a
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
solvent containing contaminants and evaporation of the solvent
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
at a specified temperature.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.5 particle (particulate contaminant), n—a piece of mat-
ter in a solid state with observable length, width, and thickness.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.5.1 Discussion—The size of a particle is usually defined
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
by its great dimension and is specified in micrometres.
E 1235 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Non-
3.1.6 molecular contaminant (nonparticulate contamina-
volatile Residue (NVR) in Environmentally Controlled
3 tion), n—the molecular contaminant may be in a gaseous,
Areas for Spacecraft
liquid, or solid state.
F 303 Practice for Sampling Aerospace Fluids and Compo-
3.1.6.1 Discussion—It may be uniformly or nonuniformly
nents
distributed, or be in the form of droplets. Molecular contami-
F 312 Methods for Microscopal Sizing and Counting Par-
nants account for most of the NVR.
3.1.7 blank, n—the contamination level of the fluid when
the test coupon is omitted.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G-4 on Compat-
ibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the
3.1.7.1 Discussion—Sometimes referred to as “back-
direct responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices.
ground” level.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1998. Published February 1999. Originally
published as G 121 – 93. Last previous edition G 121 – 93.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.03.
4 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.05. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.04.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
G 121
3.1.8 control coupon (witness coupon), n—a coupon made
from the same material as the test coupons, but in this test
method is not coated with the contaminant.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 A solution of the contaminant is applied to either one
side or both sides of the precleaned test coupons and dried
under standard conditions. The amount of contaminant on the
test coupons is determined. Nonmetallic material test coupons
used as inserts, seats, seals, etc. may also be prepared by this
procedure and are evaluated in the as-used condition.
4.2 Three methods of coupon preparation are provided:
Method A, NVR sample, single side
Method B, NVR sample, double side
Method C, NVR and particulate sample
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice will be suitable to direct the preparation of
test coupons with a known amount of contaminant on the
surface. A standard test coupon is described and a list of
contaminants that have typically been found in oxygen-
enriched systems and components is provided.
5.2 These coupons shall be used in the evaluation of
cleaning agents for oxygen-enriched systems and components.
This will permit direct comparison within and between test
FIG. 1 Standard Test Coupon
facilities.
5.3 Materials used in other fluid handling systems such as
ester based oils and greases,
nitrogen,helium,hydrogen,gasoline,etc.mayalsobeprepared
phosphate esters,
for evaluation by this practice.
waxes,
chlorotrifluoroethylene based oils and greases,
6. Apparatus
inks,
6.1 Test Coupon—Metal panels of the same material as the
cutting oils, and
component part to be cleaned. Other alloys that may be used if
dye penetrants.
the specific alloy is unknown are included in Guide G 94. The
7.2 Solvent-reagentgradeusedtopreparestandardsolutions
coupon configuration is shown in Fig. 1.
of contaminants which may include the following: 2-propanol,
NOTE 1—Thesurfacefinishofthetestcouponshouldbethesameasthe
2-butanone, hexane, Type II reagent water, or better, in
part to be cleaned.
accordance with D 1193, and perfluorinated carbon fluids.
6.2 Balance-Range to a minimum of 50 g with an 0.1-mg
NOTE 2—Warning: Solvents such as 2-propanol hexane and
accuracy capable of weighing to 60.1 mg.
2-butanone are highly flammable. The reader should refer to appropriate
6.3 Oven-Convection, capable of maintaining 50°C 6 5°C.
safe handling procedures.
6.4 Spray Applicator—Capable to apply an even coat of
7.3 Desiccant—e.g., silica gel.
contaminant; i.e., an artist’s airbrush, perfume atomizer, or a
7.4 Particulate contaminant—fine (0- to 80-µm), or coarse
spray device such as that used with window or tile cleaners has
(0- to 200-µm) dusts available commercially.
been found to apply an even coating of the contaminant in a
controlled manner.
8. Procedure
6.5 Other standard equipment such as a vacuum filtration
8.1 Coupon Preparation
system, solvent resistant filters, gloves, laboratory glassware,
8.1.1 The test coupons shall be numbered and precleaned
syringes, pipettes, desiccator, laboratory tongs, tweezers, and
prior to use; record the number. Determine the surface rough-
wire.
ness, R , of representative coupons of each alloy being
a
evaluated per ANSI B 46.1 and record. Determine the surface
7. Reagents
area to be contaminated (S) of each of the test coupons and
7.1 Contaminant materials-general classes of materials that
record. Attach a handling wire through the hole at the top of
have typically been found in oxygen-enriched systems and
each of the test coupons. The preclean procedure shall be
components as a result of the manufacturing, assembly, fabri-
performed in an ultrasonic cleaner with the coupons immersed
cation, and construction processes include:
silicone oils and greases,
fluorinated aerospace fluids and greases,
Dusts of varying particle sizes are available from the AC Spark Plug Division
petroleum based oils and greases, of General Motors, 1300-T N. Dort Hwy., Flint, MI 48556.
G 121
in type II reagent water for 10 min. Process a control coupon 8.2.4 Test coupons shall be used immediately after final
with the coupons to be contaminated for each cleaning agent to weighing.
be evaluate
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