ASTM E2983-14(2019)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Application of Acoustic Emission for Structural Health Monitoring
Standard Guide for Application of Acoustic Emission for Structural Health Monitoring
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide can be used in the development of acoustic emission applications for structural health monitoring.
5.2 Accuracy, robustness, and efficiency of AE-SHM can be enhanced by following the steps and fundamental principles described in the guide.
SCOPE
1.1 Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a field of engineering that deals with diagnosis and monitoring of structures during their operation. The primary goal of SHM is detection, identification, assessment, and monitoring of flaws or fault conditions that affect or may affect the future safety or performance of structures. SHM combines elements of nondestructive testing and evaluation, condition/process monitoring, statistical pattern recognition, and physical modeling.
1.2 The acoustic emission (AE) method uniquely fits the concept of SHM due to its capabilities to periodically or continuously examine structures and assess structural integrity during their normal operation.
1.3 In this guide, the definitions and fundamental principles for applying the AE method for SHM tasks are elaborated. This includes:
1.3.1 Terminology and definitions of SHM by the AE method,
1.3.2 Outline the recommended process of AE-SHM, and
1.3.3 Fundamental requirements regarding development of the SHM procedures, including selection of appropriate AE apparatus, data acquisition and analysis methods, diagnosis, monitoring and prediction.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2983 − 14 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Guide for
Application of Acoustic Emission for Structural Health
Monitoring
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2983; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a field of engi-
neering that deals with diagnosis and monitoring of structures
2. Referenced Documents
during their operation. The primary goal of SHM is detection,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
identification, assessment, and monitoring of flaws or fault
E543 Specification forAgencies Performing Nondestructive
conditions that affect or may affect the future safety or
Testing
performance of structures. SHM combines elements of nonde-
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
structive testing and evaluation, condition/process monitoring,
2.2 ISO Standards
statistical pattern recognition, and physical modeling.
ISO/DIS 10303–226 Industrial Automation Systems and
1.2 The acoustic emission (AE) method uniquely fits the
Integration—Product Data Representation and Exchange
concept of SHM due to its capabilities to periodically or
ISO 9712 Non-destructive Testing—Qualification and Cer-
continuously examine structures and assess structural integrity
tification of NDT Personnel
during their normal operation.
2.3 Other Referenced Documents
1.3 In this guide, the definitions and fundamental principles
ANSI/ASNT CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certifi-
forapplyingtheAEmethodforSHMtasksareelaborated.This
cation of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
includes:
NAS-410 NDT Certification
1.3.1 Terminology and definitions of SHM by the AE
SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualification and Certification in
method,
Nondestructive Testing
1.3.2 Outline the recommended process of AE-SHM, and
1.3.3 Fundamental requirements regarding development of 3. Terminology
the SHM procedures, including selection of appropriate AE
3.1 Definitions: See E1316 for terminology related to this
apparatus, data acquisition and analysis methods, diagnosis,
practice.
monitoring and prediction.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1 diagnosis, n—a process of detection, identification,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and assessment of flaws, and identifying properties or condi-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tions that may affect the future safety or performance of a
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
structure.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- the ASTM website.
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
1 4
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestruc- Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
tive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.04 on Acoustic 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Emission Method. Available fromAerospace IndustriesAssociation ofAmerica, Inc. (AIA), 1000
Current edition approved July 1, 2019. Published August 2019. Originally WilsonBlvd.,Suite1700,Arlington,VA22209-3928,http://www.aia-aerospace.org.
approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E2983 – 14. DOI: AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
10.1520/E2983-14R19. 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E2983 − 14 (2019)
3.2.2 diagnostic AE, n—an acoustic emission methodology 7.1.1 AE-SHM procedure development,
capable of achieving the goals of diagnosis.
7.1.2 Sensing,
7.1.3 Diagnosis,
3.2.3 fault, n—an abnormal condition or defect at the
component, equipment, or sub-system level which may lead to 7.1.4 Monitoring, and
a failure. Worden et al.
7.1.5 Prediction.
3.2.4 monitoring, n—a process of observing or detecting
7.2 AE-SHM Procedure Development—The first stage of
changes in the condition of a structure.
procedure development starts with the collection of all neces-
3.2.5 prediction, n—a process of estimation of the possible sary information regarding the structure, its design and
future flaw or fault deterioration based on results of materials, operational conditions, statistics of failures, etc. In
monitoring, diagnostics, or numerical modeling, or a combi- addition, laboratory or full scale tests, or both, are conducted
nation thereof. on structures with known flaws or faults, at a known stage of
development in order to develop the ability to detect, identify,
3.2.6 sensing—a process of detection of acoustic emission
and assess specific flaws or faults. Based on the collected
and conversion of measurements into data used during diag-
information, the optimal instrumentation, methods of data
nosis.
acquisition and data analysis, and loading procedures are
3.2.7 structural health monitoring (SHM), n—a process of
established.
diagnosis and monitoring the condition of structures, normally
performed during their operation. NOTE 1—Results of laboratory testing of small scale specimens, and
especially signal features derived therefrom, are not directly applicable to
4. Summary of Guide full scale structures due to such influences as sensor frequency and sensor
mounting or spacing; wave propagation or reflections in small specimens
4.1 The guide describes the AE-SHM process and provides
versus large plate structures; noise backgrounds not replicated on small
a set of fundamental assumptions recommended in the appli-
specimens; complex emission mechanisms that involve stress corrosion
cation of the AE method in SHM tasks. cracking, hydrogen embrittlement cracking, creep development, and the
like that involve difficult{to{control environments in the lab. Specimen
5. Significance and Use testing may be used to model the behavior and relative emissivity of
mechanisms in materials, but may not be directly transferred to full scale
5.1 This guide can be used in the development of acoustic
structures for life prediction.
emission applications for structural health monitoring.
7.3 Sensing—Sensing is a process of data capture and
5.2 Accuracy, robustness, and efficiency ofAE-SHM can be
measurement. It involves measurement of AE as well as
enhanced by following the steps and fundamental principles
parametric data such as pressure, temperature, strain, and other
described in the guide.
information according to the developed SHM procedure.There
are several important aspects to address during the sensing
6. Basis of Application
stage. It is important to check that data collected during the
6.1 The following items are subject to contractual agree-
data acquisition process is valid and can be satisfactorily used
ment between the parties using or referencing this guide.
for the purposes defined in the developed SHM procedure. If
6.2 Personnel Qualification: this is not the case, additional measurements with a different
setup or loading, operational or environmental conditions or
6.2.1 If specified in the contractual agreement, personnel
both,mayberequired.Also,duringthesensingprocess,ashort
performing examinations to this standard shall be qualified in
evaluation of the structure should be performed to identify, or
accordance with a nationally and internationally recognized
rule out, possible conditions that may threaten the structure
NDT personnel qualification practice or standard such as
immediately or in the short term.
ANSI/ASNT CP-189, SNT-TC-1A, NAS-410, ISO 9712, or a
similar document and certified by the employer or certifying
7.4 Diagnosis—Diagnosis is one of the primary tasks of the
agency, as applicable. The practice or standard used and its
SHM process. It effectively distinguishes typical noise-related
applicable revision shall be identified in the contractual agree-
AE from SHM-related AE. The objectives of the diagnosis
ment between the using parties.
process are not only to detect and locate flaws or faults as in
6.2.2 Qualification of Nondestructive Testing Agencies—If
typical NDE but also to identify and assess them. Diagnosis is
specified in the contractual agreement, NDT agencies shall be
performedbasedoncollecteddata,numericalmodelinginclud-
qualifiedandevaluatedasdescribedinSpecificationE543.The
ing finite element analysis, history of the inspected structure,
applicable edition of Specification E543 shall be specified in
local application of different NDE methods, material and other
the contractual agreement.
relevant investigations.
7. The Process of Structural Health Monitoring by the
7.5 Monitoring—Monitoring is performed to assess the
Acoustic Emission Method
condition of a structure over time. It is performed periodically
or continuously, depending on the particular application. For
7.1 The process of AE stru
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.