ASTM F2750-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining the Effects of Bending a Membrane Switch or Printed Electronic Device (Withdrawn 2023)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Effects of Bending a Membrane Switch or Printed Electronic Device (Withdrawn 2023)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Bending of membrane switches, printed electronic device or their components can affect their visual appearance, mechanical integrity or electrical functionality. This test method simulates conditions that may be seen during manufacture, installation or use.
3.2 Bend testing may be destructive, therefore any samples tested should be considered unfit for future use.
3.3 Specific areas of testing include, but are not limited to:
3.3.1 Membrane switch flex tails or printed electronic device, and
3.3.2 Any component of a membrane switch or printed electronic device that may be subjected to bending.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method establishes a method for the bending of any part of a membrane switch or printed electronic device with conductive circuits.
1.1.1 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method establishes a method for the bending of any part of a membrane switch or printed electronic device with conductive circuits.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F01 on Electronics, this test method was withdrawn in November 2023. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement because Committee F01 was disbanded.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2750 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Effects of Bending a Membrane Switch or
1
Printed Electronic Device
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2750; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mechanical integrity or electrical functionality. This test
method simulates conditions that may be seen during
1.1 This test method establishes a method for the bending of
manufacture, installation or use.
any part of a membrane switch or printed electronic device
with conductive circuits. 3.2 Bend testing may be destructive, therefore any samples
1.1.1 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the tested should be considered unfit for future use.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.3 Specific areas of testing include, but are not limited to:
only.
3.3.1 Membrane switch flex tails or printed electronic
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
device, and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.3.2 Any component of a membrane switch or printed
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
electronic device that may be subjected to bending.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Interferences
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 The following parameters may affect the results of this
2. Terminology
test:
2.1 Definitions:
4.1.1 temperature,
2.1.1 bend—to force from a straight form into a different
4.1.2 humidity, and
and especially a curved one.
4.1.3 orientation of the conductor (either extension or com-
2.1.1.1 Discussion—In this case, no “hard” or angled crease
pression) could have significant impact on the results.
or fold is to occur. The substrate will only be formed into a NOTE 1—Experience has shown that some conductors recover their
conductive properties if allowed to stabilize after the dynamic portion of
radius.
the test. Therefore, continuous monitoring is recommended.
2.1.2 bend cycle—a bend of a sample around a specified
mandrel which is “rolled” in one direction, followed by rolling
5. Apparatus
in the opposite direction, returning the sample to its original
5.1 Mandrel, allowed to rotate smoothly around its longitu-
position (see Fig. 1).
dinal axis, rigid, low friction smooth surface. Diameter to be
2.1.3 mandrel—a cylindrically shaped metal rod, such as a
specified.
brazing or drill rod.
5.2 Fixture to hold test sample securely in place in a vertical
2.1.4 membrane switch—a momentary switching device in
manner (refer to Fig. 1).
which at least one contact is on, or made of, a flexible
5.3 Mechanism capable of providing a consistent force and
substrate.
rate of pull to the sample.
2.1.5 membrane switch tail—a flexible portion of a mem-
5.4 Equipment for the monitoring and recording of resis-
brane switch used for input/output connection.
tance.
NOTE 2—Experience has shown that some conductors recover their
3. Significance and Use
conductive properties if allowed to stabilize after the dynamic portion of
3.1 Bending of membrane switches, printed electronic de-
the test. Therefore, continuous monitoring is recommended.
vice or their components can affect their visual appearance,
6. Test Samples
1
6.1 The test samples may be components, tail assembles or
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 on
Electronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.18 on Printed
finished switches. If the sample length is too short for the test
Electronics.
fixture, a sample coupon of the same construction (layer to
Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originally
layer) must be provided (minimum; 250 mm length by 25 mm
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2750-09. DOI:
10.1520/F2750-16. width).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2750 − 16
FIG. 1 Test Fixture Setup
6.2 The width of the test sample must not exceed the length 7.6 Adjust the test fixture to achieve maximum travel of the
of the mandrel. mandrel by pulling the unsecured end (dynamic end) of the test
sample while maintaining 50 % contact with the mandrel.
7. Procedure
7.7 Start test.
7.1 Clamponeendofthetestsampletothetestfixture–this
7.7.1 Record the closed loop resistance (Ri) - measurement
is the static end
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2750 − 09 F2750 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Effects of Bending a Membrane Switch or
1
AssemblyPrinted Electronic Device
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2750; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method establishes a method for the bending of any part of a membrane switch or printed electronic device with
conductive circuits.
1.1.1 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 bend—to force from a straight form into a different and especially a curved one.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 on Electronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.18 on Membrane SwitchesPrinted
Electronics.
Current edition approved June 15, 2009May 1, 2016. Published July 2009May 2016. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 20082009 as
F2750-08.-09. DOI: 10.1520/F2750-09.10.1520/F2750-16.
2.1.1.1 Discussion—
In this case, no “hard” or angled crease or fold is to occur. The substrate will only be formed into a radius.
2.1.2 bend cycle—a bend of a sample around a specified mandrel which is “rolled” in one direction, followed by rolling in the
opposite direction, returning the sample to its original position (see Fig. 1).
2.1.3 mandrel—a cylindrically shaped metal rod, such as a brazing or drill rod.
2.1.4 membrane switch—a momentary switching device in which at least one contact is on, or made of, a flexible substrate.
2.1.5 membrane switch tail—a flexible portion of a membrane switch used for input/output connection.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Bending of membrane switches switches, printed electronic device or their components can affect their visual appearance,
mechanical integrity or electrical functionality. This test method simulates conditions that may be seen during manufacture,
installation or use.
3.2 Bend testing may be destructive, therefore any samples tested should be considered unfit for future use.
3.3 Specific areas of testing include, but are not limited to:
3.3.1 Membrane switch flex tails, tails or printed electronic device, and
3.3.2 Any component of a membrane switch or printed electronic device that may be subjected to bending.
4. Interferences
4.1 The following parameters may affect the results of this test:
4.1.1 temperature,
4.1.2 humidity, and
4.1.3 orientation of the conductor (either extension or compression) could have significant impact on the results.
NOTE 1—Experience has shown that some conductors recover their conductive properties if allowed to stabilize after the dynamic portion of the test.
Therefore, continuous monitoring is recommended.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2750 − 16
FIG. 1 Test Fixture Setup
5. Apparatus
5.1 Mandrel, allowed to rotate smoothly around its longitudinal axis, rigid, low friction smooth surface. Diameter to be
specified.
5.2 Fixture to hold test sample securely in place in a vertical manner (refer to Fig. 1).
5.3 Mechanism capable of providing a consistent force and rate of pull to the sample.
5.4 Equipment for the monitoring and recording of resistance.
NOTE 2—Experience has shown that some conductors recover their conductive properties if allowed to stabilize after the dynamic portion of the test.
Therefore, continuous monitoring is recommended.
6. Test Samples
6.1 The test samples may be components, tail assembles or finished switches. If the sample length is too short for the test fixture,
a sample coupon of the same construction (layer to layer) must be provided (minimum; 250 mm length by 25 mm width).
6.2 The width of the test sample must not exceed the length of the mandrel.
7. Procedure
7.1 Clamp one end of the test sample to the test fixture – this is the static end of the test sample.
7.1.1 Compres
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F2750 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Effects of Bending a Membrane Switch or
1
Printed Electronic Device
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2750; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mechanical integrity or electrical functionality. This test
method simulates conditions that may be seen during
1.1 This test method establishes a method for the bending of
manufacture, installation or use.
any part of a membrane switch or printed electronic device
with conductive circuits. 3.2 Bend testing may be destructive, therefore any samples
1.1.1 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the tested should be considered unfit for future use.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.3 Specific areas of testing include, but are not limited to:
only.
3.3.1 Membrane switch flex tails or printed electronic
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
device, and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.3.2 Any component of a membrane switch or printed
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
electronic device that may be subjected to bending.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Interferences
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 The following parameters may affect the results of this
2. Terminology
test:
2.1 Definitions:
4.1.1 temperature,
2.1.1 bend—to force from a straight form into a different
4.1.2 humidity, and
and especially a curved one.
4.1.3 orientation of the conductor (either extension or com-
2.1.1.1 Discussion—In this case, no “hard” or angled crease
pression) could have significant impact on the results.
or fold is to occur. The substrate will only be formed into a
NOTE 1—Experience has shown that some conductors recover their
conductive properties if allowed to stabilize after the dynamic portion of
radius.
the test. Therefore, continuous monitoring is recommended.
2.1.2 bend cycle—a bend of a sample around a specified
mandrel which is “rolled” in one direction, followed by rolling
5. Apparatus
in the opposite direction, returning the sample to its original
5.1 Mandrel, allowed to rotate smoothly around its longitu-
position (see Fig. 1).
dinal axis, rigid, low friction smooth surface. Diameter to be
2.1.3 mandrel—a cylindrically shaped metal rod, such as a
specified.
brazing or drill rod.
5.2 Fixture to hold test sample securely in place in a vertical
2.1.4 membrane switch—a momentary switching device in
manner (refer to Fig. 1).
which at least one contact is on, or made of, a flexible
5.3 Mechanism capable of providing a consistent force and
substrate.
rate of pull to the sample.
2.1.5 membrane switch tail—a flexible portion of a mem-
5.4 Equipment for the monitoring and recording of resis-
brane switch used for input/output connection.
tance.
NOTE 2—Experience has shown that some conductors recover their
3. Significance and Use
conductive properties if allowed to stabilize after the dynamic portion of
3.1 Bending of membrane switches, printed electronic de-
the test. Therefore, continuous monitoring is recommended.
vice or their components can affect their visual appearance,
6. Test Samples
1
6.1 The test samples may be components, tail assembles or
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 on
Electronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.18 on Printed
finished switches. If the sample length is too short for the test
Electronics.
fixture, a sample coupon of the same construction (layer to
Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originally
layer) must be provided (minimum; 250 mm length by 25 mm
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2750-09. DOI:
10.1520/F2750-16. width).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2750 − 16
FIG. 1 Test Fixture Setup
6.2 The width of the test sample must not exceed the length 7.6 Adjust the test fixture to achieve maximum travel of the
of the mandrel. mandrel by pulling the unsecured end (dynamic end) of the test
sample while maintaining 50 % contact with the mandrel.
7. Procedure
7.7 Start test.
7.1 Clamp one end of the test sample to the test fixture – this
7.7.1 Record the closed loop resistance (Ri) - measurement
is the static end of the test sample.
made on the first test cycle. At the end of the test, the “R
7.1.1 Compression Conductor Testing —conductor s
...
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