ASTM D4066-13(2019)
(Classification)Standard Classification System for Nylon Injection and Extrusion Materials (PA)
Standard Classification System for Nylon Injection and Extrusion Materials (PA)
ABSTRACT
This classification system covers nylon injection and extrusion materials. Nylon materials are classified into groups according to their composition. Groups are further classified into classes and grades. Grades are identified by a single letter that indicates the reinforcement or filler used and two digits, in multiples of 5, which indicate the nominal quantity in weight percent. Specific requirements for variations of nylon materials shall be shown by a six-character designator. Suffixes shall be used for those properties not covered by basic requirements. Specific suffix requirements shall always take precedence over basic requirements. Tensile strength, flexural strength, Izod impact resistance, deflection temperature, and density shall be done on test pieces based on injection molded ISO 3167 type multipurpose test specimens. Conditioning, preparation, testing, inspection, packaging, and marking shall be in conformance to the requirements in this standard classification system.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification system covers nylon materials suitable for injection molding and extrusion. Some of these compositions are also suitable for compression molding and application from solution.
1.2 The properties included in this classification system are those required to identify the compositions covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications. These may be specified by using the suffixes as given in Section 5.
1.3 This classification system and subsequent line call-out (specification) are intended to provide a means of calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastic field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the costs involved, and the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this classification system.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this classification system. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
Note 2: This classification system is being revised to include international 4-mm specimens and test procedures as the standard for compliance. The 3.2-mm specimens; test methods; and Tables PA, A, and B are included in Appendix X3 as a reference for those wishing to use them. It is recommended that the material manufacturer be consulted on all call-outs against this classification system.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D4066 −13 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Classification System for
Nylon Injection and Extrusion Materials (PA)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4066; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This standard is maintained in order to support products that must utilize ASTM D4066 in the
productdefinition.Thisisnecessarybecausetherearesomedifferencesbetweenthematerialproperty
test requirements ofASTM D4066 andASTM D6779, Standard Classification System for and Basis
of Specification for Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials (PA). There are also differences
betweenthetwospecificationsinsomeoftheGroup/Class/Gradecallouts.Designersofnewproducts
are urged to use ASTM D6779 rather than ASTM D4066.
1. Scope health, and environmental practices and determine the appli-
cability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This classification system covers nylon materials suit-
able for injection molding and extrusion. Some of these
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
NOTE 2—This classification system is being revised to include interna-
compositions are also suitable for compression molding and
tional 4-mm specimens and test procedures as the standard for compli-
application from solution.
ance. The 3.2-mm specimens; test methods; and Tables PA,A, and B are
1.2 The properties included in this classification system are included in Appendix X3 as a reference for those wishing to use them. It
is recommended that the material manufacturer be consulted on all
thoserequiredtoidentifythecompositionscovered.Theremay
call-outs against this classification system.
be other requirements necessary to identify particular charac-
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
teristics important to specialized applications. These may be
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
specified by using the suffixes as given in Section 5.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.3 This classification system and subsequent line call-out
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
(specification) are intended to provide a means of calling out
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material
selection should be made by those having expertise in the
2. Referenced Documents
plastic field after careful consideration of the design and the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
performance required of the part, the environment to which it
D149Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the
DielectricStrengthofSolidElectricalInsulatingMaterials
costsinvolved,andtheinherentpropertiesofthematerialother
at Commercial Power Frequencies
than those covered by this classification system.
D150Test Methods forAC Loss Characteristics and Permit-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
tivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
standard.
D256Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the Impact Resistance of Plastics
test methods portion, Section 11, of this classification system. D257Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety Insulating Materials
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, D638Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D648Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics
Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
ThisclassificationsystemisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20on
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic
Materials. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4066- 13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D4066-13R19. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4066−13 (2019)
D789Test Method for Determination of Relative Viscosity ISO1183:1987Plastics—MethodsforDeterminingtheDen-
of Concentrated Polyamide (PA) Solutions sity and Relative Density of Non-Cellular Plastics
D790Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced ISO/DIS 1874-2:1995Plastics—Polyamide (PA) Homopo-
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi- lymers for Moulding and Extrusion—Part 2: Preparation
als of Test Specimens and Determination of Properties
D792Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela- ISO 3146:Plastics—Determination of Melting Behaviour
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement (Melting Temperature or Melting Range) of Semi-
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics Crystalline Polymers
D1600TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas- ISO 3167Plastics, Multipurpose Test Specimens
tics ISO 3451-4:1994Plastics—Determination of Ash—Part 4:
D3418Test Method for Transition Temperatures and En- Polyamides
thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by
3. Terminology
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
D3641Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens of 3.1 The terminology used in this classification system is in
Thermoplastic Molding and Extrusion Materials accordance with Terminologies D883 and D1600.
D3892Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
4. Classification
D4000Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
als
4.1 Nylon materials are classified into groups according to
D5630Test Method for Ash Content in Plastics their composition. These groups are subdivided into classes
D6260Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Car- and grades as shown in the Basic Property Table (Table PA).
bon Black in Nylon Materials (PA) (Withdrawn 2004)
NOTE 3—An example of this classification system for unreinforced
D6779Classification System for and Basis of Specification
nylon is given as follows: The designation PA0123 indicates the follow-
for Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials (PA)
ing:
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
PA = polyamide (nylon) as found in Terminology D1600,
2.2 Military and Federal Specifications and Standards:
01 (group) = 66 nylon,
L-P-410Plastic, Polyamide (Nylon) Rigid: Rods, Tubes, 2 (class) = heat stabilized, and
3 (grade) = with a minimum viscosity number of 210 and the
Flats, Molded and Cast Parts
requirements given in Table PA.
VV-I-530 Insulating Oil, Electrical (for Transformers,
NOTE 4—An example of this classification system for reinforced nylon
Switches, and Circuit Breakers)
is given as follows: The designation PA012G35 indicates the following:
2.3 ISO Standards:
ISO 75-1:1993Plastics—Determination of Temperature of
PA = polyamide (nylon) as found in Terminology D1600,
Deflection Under Load—Part 1: General Test Methods
01 (group) = 66 nylon,
ISO 75-2:1993Plastics—Determination of Temperature of
2 (class) = heat stabilized, and
Deflection Under Load—Part 2: Plastic and Ebonite
G35 (grade) = nominal 35% glass with the requirements given in
Table PA.
ISO 178:1993Plastics—Determination of Flexural Proper-
ties
4.1.1 Grades of reinforced or filled versions, or both, of the
ISO 180:1993 Plastics—Determination of Izod Impact
basicmaterialsareidentifiedbyasingleletterthatindicatesthe
Strength
reinforcement or filler used and two digits, in multiples of 5,
ISO/DIS 294-1:1995Plastics—Injection Moulding of Test
that indicate the nominal quantity in percent by weight. Thus,
Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials—Part 1: General
aletterdesignationGforglassreinforcedand35forpercentor
Principles, Multipurpose-Test Specimens (ISO Mould
reinforcement, G35, specifies a material with a nominal glass
Type A) and Bars (ISO Mould Type B)
level of 35%. The reinforcement letter designations and
ISO 307Determination of Viscosity Number of Polyamides
associated tolerance levels are shown as follows:
In Dilute Solutions
Tolerance
ISO 527-1:1993 Plastics—Determination of Tensile
Symbol Material (Based on the Total Mass)
Properties—Part 1: General Principles C carbon- and graphite-fiber-reinforced ±2 %
G glass-reinforced ±2 %
ISO 527-2:1993 Plastics—Determination of Tensile
L lubricants (such as PTFE, graphite, Depends upon material and
Properties—Part 2: Testing Conditions
silicone, and molybdenum disulfide) process—to be specified.
ISO960:1969Plastics—DeterminationoftheWaterContent M mineral-reinforced ±2 %
R combinations of reinforcements or ±3 %
in Polyamides
fillers, or both
NOTE 5—This part of the classification system uses percent of rein-
3 forcements or additives, or both, in the call-out of the modified basic
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
material. The types and percentages of reinforcements and additives
www.astm.org.
should be shown on the supplier’s technical data sheet unless they are
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
proprietary in nature. If necessary, additional control of these reinforce-
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
ments and additives can be accomplished by use of the suffix part of the
www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., system (see Section 5).
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. NOTE 6—Materials containing reinforcements or fillers, or both, at
D4066−13 (2019)
nominal levels not in multiples of 5 are included in the nearest PAgrade
PA = polyamide (nylon) as found in Terminology D1600,
designation. For example, a material with a nominal material level of
01 (group) = 66 nylon,
28% is included with Grade M30.
1 (class) = general purpose, and
NOTE 7—An example of this classification system for a 33% glass-
G35 (grade) = with requirements given in Table PA.
reinforcednylonisgivenasfollows.ThedesignationPA011G35indicates
NOTE 8—Ash content of filled or reinforced materials may be deter-
the following:
mined using Test Method D5630.
A,B
TABLE PA Requirements for Nylons Dry-as-Molded
Deflection
Tensile
Viscosity Flexural Izod Impact
Temperature at
D
Density,
Strength, ISO
E
Number, Modulus, ISO Resistance,
C
1.82 MPa,
Group Description Class Description Grade Description ISO 1183,
527-1 and ISO
ISO 307, 178, ISO 180/1A,
ISO 75-1 and
527-2, min,
g/cm
ISO 75-2 min,
min, mL/g min, MPa min, kJ/m
MPa
°C
01 66 Nylon 1 General-purpose 1 135 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.3 60
2 165 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.3 60
3 210 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.3 60
4 270 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.3 60
5 recycled 115 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.3 60
6 recycled 135 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.3 60
0 other
G15 15 % glass . . . 1.20–1.26 100 4 000 3.0 215
G20 20 % glass . . . 1.25–1.33 115 5 000 4.0 220
G25 25 % glass . . . 1.29–1.37 140 6 000 5.0 225
G35 35 % glass . . . 1.35–1.45 170 8 000 7.0 235
G40 40 % glass . . . 1.42–1.52 175 9 000 8.0 235
G45 45 % glass . . . 1.45–1.55 180 10 000 9.0 240
M40 40 % mineral . . . 1.45–1.55 80 5 000 2.0 150
2 Heat-stabilized 1 135 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.0 60
2 165 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.0 60
3 210 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.0 60
4 270 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.0 60
5 recycled 115 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.0 60
6 recycled 135 1.13–1.15 70 2 300 3.0 60
0 other
G15 15 % glass . . . 1.20–1.26 100 4 000 3.0 220
G25 25 % glass . . . 1.29–1.37 140 6 000 5.0 225
G30 30 % glass . . . 1.32–1.42 160 7 000 6.0 230
G35 35 % glass . . . 1.35–1.45 170 8 000 7.0 235
G40 40 % glass . . . 1.43–1.53 175 9 000 8.0 235
G45 45 % glass . . . 1.45–1.55 180 10 000 9.0 240
M40 40 % mineral . . . 1.45–1.55 80 5 000 2.0 150
R20 20 % filler . . . 1.23–1.31 70 3 200 1.5 . . .
R40 40 % filler . . . 1.43–1.53 100 5 500 2.5 200
3 Nucleated 1 135 1.13–1.15 80 2 500 2.8 60
2 165 1.13–1.15 80 2 500 2.8 60
3 210 1.13–1.15 80 2 500 2.8 60
4 270 1.13–1.15 80 2 500 2.8 60
5 recycled 115 1.13–1.15 80 2 500 2.8 60
6 recycled 135 1.13–1.15 80 2 500 2.8 60
0 other
4 Nucleated, heat- 1
stabilized
3 Requirements the same as corresponding grades under Group 01, Class 3.
0 other
5 Impact-modified 1 . . . 1.06–1.12 52 1 700 9.0 50
2 recycled . . . 1.06–1.12 50 1 600 8.0 50
0 other
G15 15 % glass . . . 1.15–1.23 85 3 000 6.0 210
G35 35 % glass . . . 1.31–1.41 110 5 500 6.0 225
6 Impact-modified, 1 . . . 1.08–1.12 52 1 700 9.0 50
heat-stabilized
2 recycled . . . 1.08–1.12 50 1 600 8.0 50
0 other
G15 15 % glass . . . 1.15–1.23 85 3 000 6.0 210
G35 35 % glass . . . 1.31–1.41 110 5 500 6.0 225
M40 40 % mineral . . . 1.45–1.55 75 4 500 4.0 . . .
R35 35 % filler . . . 1.38–1.48 80 5 500 3.0 200
7 Toughened 1 . . . 1.06–1.10 42 1 500 40 45
2 recycled . . . 1.05–1.11 40 1 300 35 45
0 other
G15 15 % glass . . . 1.15–1.23 70 2 800 9.0 180
G35 35 % glass . . . 1.28–1.38 110 5 500 11 220
D4066−13 (2019)
A,B
TABLE PA Requirements for Nylons Dry-as-Molded
Deflection
Tensile
Viscosity Flexural Izod Impact
Temperature at
Density, D
Strength, ISO
E
Number, Modulus, ISO Resistance,
C
1.82 MPa,
Group Description Class Description Grade Description ISO 1183,
527-1 and ISO
ISO 307, 178, ISO 180/1A,
ISO 75-1 and
g/cm 527-2, min,
ISO 75-2 min,
min, mL/g min, MPa min, kJ/m
MPa
°C
8 Toughened, heat- 1 . . . 1.06–1.10 42 1 500 40 45
stabilized
2 recycled . . . 1.05–1.11 40 1 300 35 45
0 other
G15 15 % glass . . . 1.15–1.23 70 2 800 9.0 180
G35 35 % glass . . . 1.28–1.38 110 5 500 11 220
G45 45 % glass . . . 1.39–1.49 130 8 000 10 230
M35 35 % mineral . . . 1.37–1.47 70 3 800 6.0 . . .
F
9 Weather-stabilized 1 135 1.13–1.17 80 2 400 2.5 60
2 recycled 115 1.13–1.17 65 2 200 2.0 60
0 other
0 Other 0 other
02 6 Nylon 1 General-purpose 1 100 1.12–1.14 75 2 400 4 50
2 135 1.12–1.14 70 2 200 3 50
3 150 1.12–1.15 70 2 200 3 50
4 200 1.12–1.15 70 2 200 3 50
0 other
G15 15 % glass 1.20–1.28 110 4 200 4 170
G25 25 % glass 1.28–1.36 135 5
...
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