ASTM D229-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Rigid Sheet and Plate Materials Used for Electrical Insulation
Standard Test Methods for Rigid Sheet and Plate Materials Used for Electrical Insulation
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides useful engineering information for evaluating the mechanical behavior of rigid electrical insulation at elevated temperature. When the proper exposure and test temperatures are chosen, depending on the material and end-use operating temperature, the test method may be used as one means of indicating relative thermal degradation of rigid insulating materials.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing rigid electrical insulation normally manufactured in flat sheet or plate form. They are generally used as terminal boards, spacers, voltage barriers, and circuit boards.
Note 1—For tests applying to vulcanized fibre reference should be made to Test Methods D 619.
Note 2—This standard resembles IEC 60893-2, Specification for Rigid Industrial Laminated Sheets Based On Thermosetting Resins for Electrical Purpose, Methods of Tests.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections:
TestSectionsASTM
Test
Method Acetone extractable matter83 to 84D 494 Arc resistance47 D 495 Ash56 to 60 ... Bonding strength49 to 54... Burning rate and flame resistance61 to 75... Compressive strength25 D 695 Conditioning 4 D 6054 Dissipation factor34 to 40D 669 Dielectric strength28 to 33D 149 Expansion (linear thermal)76D 696 Flexural properties12 to 24D 790 Hardness (Rockwell)55 D 785 Insulation resistance and resistivity41 to 46D 257 Permittivity34 to 40D 150 Resistance to impact26 D 256 Tensile properties 7 to 11D 638 Thickness 5 to 6D 374 Tracking resistance48 D 2132 Warp or twist77 to 82... Water absorption27 D 570
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This is a fire-test-response standard. See Sections 61 through 75, which are the procedures for burning rate and flame resistance.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 31.1 and 1.6.
1.6 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
17.1 This test method covers the determination of flexural properties at elevated temperature, and as a function of time of exposure to elevated temperature.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D229–09
Standard Test Methods for
Rigid Sheet and Plate Materials Used for Electrical
1
Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 229; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing rigid
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
electrical insulation normally manufactured in flat sheet or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
plateform.Theyaregenerallyusedasterminalboards,spacers,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
voltage barriers, and circuit boards.
tionary statements are given in 31.1 and 1.6.
NOTE 1—For tests applying to vulcanized fibre reference should be
1.6 This standard measures and describes the response of
made to Test Methods D 619.
materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
NOTE 2—This standard resembles IEC 60893-2, Specification for Rigid
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all
IndustrialLaminatedSheetsBasedOnThermosettingResinsforElectrical
factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the
Purpose, Methods of Tests.
materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections:
ASTM
2. Referenced Documents
Test
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Test Sections Method
Acetone extractable matter 83 to 84 D 494
D 149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
Arc resistance 47 D 495
Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
Ash 56 to 60 .
at Commercial Power Frequencies
Bonding strength 49 to 54 .
Burning rate and flame resistance 61 to 75 .
D 150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Per-
Compressive strength 25 D 695
mittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insula-
Conditioning 4 D 6054
Dissipation factor 34 to 40 D 669 tion
Dielectric strength 28 to 33 D 149
D 256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum
Expansion (linear thermal) 76 D 696
Impact Resistance of Plastics
Flexural properties 12 to 24 D 790
Hardness (Rockwell) 55 D 785 D 257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of
Insulation resistance and resistivity 41 to 46 D 257
Insulating Materials
Permittivity 34 to 40 D 150
D 374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-
Resistance to impact 26 D 256
lation
Tensile properties 7 to 11 D 638
Thickness 5 to 6 D 374
D 494 Test Method for Acetone Extraction of Phenolic
Tracking resistance 48 D 2132
Molded or Laminated Products
Warp or twist 77 to 82 .
Water absorption 27 D 570 D 495 Test Method for High-Voltage, Low-Current, Dry
Arc Resistance of Solid Electrical Insulation
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
D 570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
D 617 Test Method for Punching Quality of Phenolic Lami-
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3
nated Sheets
and are not considered standard.
D 619 Test Methods for Vulcanized Fibre Used for Electri-
1.4 This is a fire-test-response standard. See Sections 61
cal Insulation
through 75, which are the procedures for burning rate and
flame resistance.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Subcommittee D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2009. Published February 2009. Originally Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
approved in 1925. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 229 – 01. on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D229–09
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
D 669 Test Method for Dissipation Factor and Permittivity
3.2.1 In refe
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately,ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D229–01 Designation:D229–09
Standard Test Methods for
Rigid Sheet and Plate Materials Used for Electrical
1
Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D229; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 Thesetestmethodscoverproceduresfortestingrigidelectricalinsulationnormallymanufacturedinflatsheetorplateform.
They are generally used as terminal boards, spacers, voltage barriers, and circuit boards.
NOTE 1—For tests applying to vulcanized fibre reference should be made to Test Methods D619.
NOTE 2—This standard resembles IEC 60893-2, Specification for Rigid Industrial Laminated Sheets Based On Thermosetting Resins for Electrical
Purpose, Methods of Tests.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections:
ASTM
Test
Test Sections Method
Acetone extractable matter 83 to 84 D 494
Arc resistance 47 D 495
Ash 56 to 60 .
Bonding strength 49 to 54 .
Burning rate and flame resistance 61 to 75 .
Compressive strength 25 D 695
Conditioning 4 D 6054
Dissipation factor 34 to 40 D 669
Dielectric strength 28 to 33 D 149
Expansion (linear thermal) 76 D 696
Flexural properties 12 to 24 D 790
Hardness (Rockwell) 55 D 785
Insulation resistance and resistivity 41 to 46 D 257
Permittivity 34 to 40 D 150
Resistance to impact 26 D 256
Tensile properties 7 to 11 D 638
Thickness 5 to 6 D 374
Tracking resistance 48 D 2132
Warp or twist 77 to 82 .
Water absorption 27 D 570
1.3The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units given
in these test methods may be approximate.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This is a fire-test-response standard. See Sections 61 through 75, which are the procedures for burning rate and flame
resistance.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 31.1 and 61.51.6.
1.6 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled
conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products,
or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD09onElectricalandElectronicInsulatingMaterialsandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2001. Published January 2002. Originally published as D229–25T. Last previous edition D229–96.
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2009. Published February 2009. Originally approved in 1925. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D229–01.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D229–09
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at
Commercial Power Frequencies
D150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastics
D257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials
D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation
D494 Test Method for Acetone Extraction of Phenolic Molded or Laminated Products
D495 Test Method for High-Voltage, Low-Current, Dry Arc Resistance of Solid Electrical Insulation
D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
D617 Test Method for Punching Quality of Phenolic Laminated Sheets
D619 Test Methods for Vulcanized Fibre Used for El
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D229–09a Designation:D229–09b
Standard Test Methods for
Rigid Sheet and Plate Materials Used for Electrical
1
Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 229; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing rigid electrical insulation normally manufactured in flat sheet or plate form.
They are generally used as terminal boards, spacers, voltage barriers, and circuit boards.
NOTE 1—For tests applying to vulcanized fibre reference needs to be made to Test Methods D 619.
NOTE 2—This standard resembles IEC 60893-2, Specification for Rigid Industrial Laminated Sheets Based On Thermosetting Resins for Electrical
Purpose, Methods of Tests.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections:
ASTM
Test
Test Sections Method
Acetone extractable matter 83 to 84 D 494
Arc resistance 47 D 495
Ash 56 to 60 .
Bonding strength 49 to 54 .
Burning rate and flame resistance 61 to 75 .
Compressive strength 25 D 695
Conditioning 4 D 6054
Dissipation factor 34 to 40 D 669
Dielectric strength 28 to 33 D 149
Expansion (linear thermal) 76 D 696
Flexural properties 12 to 24 D 790
Hardness (Rockwell) 55 D 785
Insulation resistance and resistivity 41 to 46 D 257
Permittivity 34 to 40 D 150
Resistance to impact 26 D 256
Tensile properties 7 to 11 D 638
Thickness 5 to 6 D 374
Tracking resistance 48 D 2132
Warp or twist 77 to 82 .
Water absorption 27 D 570
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This is a fire-test-response standard. See Sections 61 through 75, which are the procedures for burning rate and flame
resistance.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 31.1 and 1.6.
1.6 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled
conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products,
or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.7 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these
tests.
1
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD09onElectricalandElectronicInsulatingMaterialsandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.
Current edition approved JuneOct. 1, 2009. Published JulyOctober 2009. Originally approved in 1925. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D 229 – 09a.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D229–09b
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at
Commercial Power Frequencies
D 150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
D 256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastics
D 257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials
D 374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation
D 494 Test Method for Acetone Extraction of Phenolic Molded or Laminated Products
D 495 Test Method for High-Voltage, Low-Current, Dry Arc Resistance of Solid Electrical Insulation
D 570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
D 617 Test Method for Punching Quality of Phenolic Laminated Sheets
D 619 Test Methods for Vulcanized Fibre Used for Electrical Insulation
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D 669 Test Method for Dissipation Factor and P
...
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