ASTM D7255-22e1

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Leather (Rotary Platform, Abraser Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The resistance of leather to abrasion, as measured on a testing machine in the laboratory, is generally only one of several factors contributing to wear performance or durability as experienced in the actual use of the material. While “abrasion resistance” (often stated in terms of the number of abrasion cycles) and “durability” are frequently related, the relationship varies with different end uses and different factors may be necessary in any calculation of predicted durability from specific abrasion data. This test method provides a comparative ranking of material performance, which can be used as an indication of relative end-use performance.  
5.2 The resistance of leather to abrasion may be affected by factors including test conditions; type of abradant; pressure between the specimen and abradant; mounting or tension of the specimen; and type, kind, or amount of finishing materials.  
5.3 Abrasion tests utilizing the rotary platform abraser may be subject to variation due to changes in the abradant during specific tests. Depending on abradant type and test specimen, the abrasive wheel surface may change (that is, become clogged) due to the pick up of finishing or other materials from test specimens. To reduce this variation, the abrasive wheels must be resurfaced at regularly defined intervals.  
5.4 The measurement of the relative amount of abrasion may be affected by the method of evaluation and influenced by the judgment of the operator.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of leather using the rotary platform abraser.
Note 1: This test method is similar but not equivalent to ISO 17076-1, and results should not be directly compared between the two methods.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2022
• ICS: 59.140.01 - Leather technology in general
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.07 - Physical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D7255 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Leather (Rotary Platform, Abraser
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7255; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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ε NOTE—Figure X2.1, Visual Grading Scale, was updated editorially to show better contrast in November 2022.
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1. Scope* 2.2 Other Standards:
ISO 17076-1Leather-Determination of abrasion resistance
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abra-
Part 1-Taber method
sion resistance of leather using the rotary platform abraser.
NOTE1—ThistestmethodissimilarbutnotequivalenttoISO17076-1,
3. Terminology
and results should not be directly compared between the two methods.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.1 abraser—aweartestinginstrument,alsoreferredtoas
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
a rotary platform tester or abrader.
standard.
3.1.2 abrasion—the wearing away of any part of a material
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
by rubbing against another surface.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.3 abrasion cycle—in abrasion testing, one or more
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
movements of the abradant across a material surface, or the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
materialsurfaceacrosstheabradant,thatpermitsareturntoits
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
startingposition.Inthecaseoftherotaryplatformtestmethod,
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
it consists of one complete rotation of the specimen.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.4 durability—the ability to withstand deterioration or
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
wear out in use, including the effects of abrasion.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.5 resurface—the preparation of an abrasive wheel on a
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
refacing disc or diamond tool wheel refacer, prior to use in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
testing.
2. Referenced Documents 3.2 For definitions of other leather terms used in this test
method, refer to Terminology D1517.
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1517Terminology Relating to Leather
4. Summary of Test Method
D1610Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Prod-
4.1 Aspecimenisabradedusingrotaryrubbingactionunder
ucts for Testing
controlled conditions of pressure and abrasive action. The test
D2813Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical and
specimen, mounted on a turntable platform, turns on a vertical
Chemical Tests
axis, against the sliding rotation of two abrading wheels. One
G195Guide for Conducting Wear Tests Using a Rotary
abrading wheel rubs the specimen outward toward the periph-
Platform Abraser
ery and the other, inward toward the center, while a vacuum
system removes wear debris generated during the test. The
resultingabrasionmarksformapatternofcrossedarcsoveran
1 2
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD31onLeather
area of approximately 30 cm . Resistance to abrasion is
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties.
evaluated by visual inspection of damage to the specimen or
Current edition approved April 1, 2022. Published May 2022. Originally
change in mass, as described in Section 14.
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D7255–20. DOI:
10.1520/D7255-22E01.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D7255 − 22
5. Significance and Use 6.1.1 A turntable platform, which is removable, that in-
cludesarubberpad,clampplateandcentrallylocatedthreaded
5.1 The resistance of leather to abrasion, as measured on a
post and nut. When testing flexible specimens,
...