ASTM E634-23
(Practice)Standard Practice for Sampling Zinc and Zinc Alloys for Analysis by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
Standard Practice for Sampling Zinc and Zinc Alloys for Analysis by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice, used in conjunction with an appropriate quantitative spark atomic emission spectrochemical method, is suitable for use in manufacturing control, material or product acceptance, and development and research.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of zinc and zinc alloys to obtain a sample suitable for quantitative spark atomic emission spectrochemical analysis. Included are procedures for obtaining representative samples from molten metal, from fabricated or cast products that can be melted, and from other forms that cannot be melted.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E634 − 23
Standard Practice for
Sampling Zinc and Zinc Alloys for Analysis by Spark Atomic
1
Emission Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E634; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Practice
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of zinc and zinc alloys 4.1 Molten metal representative of the furnace melt is
to obtain a sample suitable for quantitative spark atomic poured into a mold to produce a chill-cast sample. The sample,
emission spectrochemical analysis. Included are procedures for which must represent the average composition, is machined to
obtaining representative samples from molten metal, from a specified shape to produce an acceptable surface for excita-
fabricated or cast products that can be melted, and from other tion.
forms that cannot be melted.
4.2 Fabricated or cast products are remelted and cast into
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as molds or are excited directly without remelting.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
5. Significance and Use
only.
5.1 This practice, used in conjunction with an appropriate
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
quantitative spark atomic emission spectrochemical method, is
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
suitable for use in manufacturing control, material or product
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
acceptance, and development and research.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Apparatus
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
6.1 Ladle, of steel, designed to hold sufficient molten metal
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
to completely fill the sample mold, with a handle of sufficient
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
length to reach into a furnace, trough, pot, or crucible.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
NOTE 1—Pure zinc metal (Special High Grade) is sampled using a
ceramic or graphite ladle, as the solubility of iron in Special High Grade
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Zinc is sufficient to cause a measurable contamination.
6.2 Sample Molds, designed to produce homogeneous chill-
2. Referenced Documents
2 cast specimens having smooth surfaces, free from surface
2.1 ASTM Standards:
pockets and pores. The specimens shall be representative (in
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
the region to be excited) of the product metal. The samples
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
shall have a spectrochemical response like the reference
materials used in preparing the calibration curves. This is
3. Terminology
ensured by casting reference materials and specimens in the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
same manner. The specimens shall have a repeatability of
standard, refer to Terminology E135.
measurement for major elements between excitations with a
relative error not exceeding 2 %. Several types of molds have
been found acceptable.
1 6.2.1 Type A, Pin Mold (Fig. 1)—This mold produces two
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical
Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
diagonally cast pins with sprues at the top of the specimens.
Subcommittee E01.05 on Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Sn, Be, Precious Metals, their Alloys, and
The mold dimensions will produce pins approximately 100 mm
Related Metals.
(3.9 in.) in length by 11 mm (0.4 in.) in diameter. The mold is
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally approved
made of steel or cast iron and weighs approximately 4.5 kg to
in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as E634 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/
E0634-23.
5.5 kg (10 lb to 12 lb). Pin specimens have been found to be
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
very homogeneous. If properly prepared, these specimens
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
provide very reliable results with only one burn. However, pin
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. specimens must be reshaped for each additional burn.
Copyright © AS
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E634 − 18 E634 − 23
Standard Practice for
Sampling of Zinc and Zinc Alloys for Analysis by Spark
1
Atomic Emission Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E634; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of zinc and zinc alloys to obtain a sample suitable for quantitative spark atomic emission
spectrochemical analysis. Included are procedures for obtaining representative samples from molten metal, from fabricated or cast
products that can be melted, and from other forms that cannot be melted.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology E135.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Molten metal representative of the furnace melt is poured into a mold to produce a chill-cast sample. The sample, which must
represent the average composition, is machined to a specified shape to produce an acceptable surface for excitation.
4.2 Fabricated or cast products are remelted and cast into molds or are excited directly without remelting.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.05 on Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Sn, Be, Precious Metals, their Alloys, and Related Metals.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018June 1, 2023. Published October 2018July 2023. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20122018 as
E634 – 12.E634 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/E0634-18.10.1520/E0634-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E634 − 23
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice, used in conjunction with an appropriate quantitative spark atomic emission spectrochemical method, is suitable
for use in manufacturing control, material or product acceptance, and development and research.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Ladle, of steel, designed to hold sufficient molten metal to completely fill the sample mold, with a handle of sufficient length
to reach into a furnace, trough, pot, or crucible.
NOTE 1—Pure zinc metal (Special High Grade) is sampled using a ceramic or graphite ladle, as the solubility of iron in Special High Grade Zinc is
sufficient to cause a measurable contamination.
6.2 Sample Molds, designed to produce homogeneous chill-cast specimens having smooth surfaces, free from surface pockets and
pores. The specimens shall be representative (in the region to be excited) of the product metal. The samples shall have a
spectrochemical response similar to the standards like the reference materials used in preparing the analyticalcalibration curves.
This is ensured by casting standards reference materials and specimens in the same manner. Also, the The specimens shall have
a repeatability of measurement for major elements from excitation-to-excitationbetween excitations with a relative error of no more
than not exceeding 2 %. Several types of molds have been found acceptable.
6.2.1 Type A, Pin Mold (Fig. 1)—This mold produces two diagonally cast pins with sprues
...
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