ASTM E2302-03a(2009)

Standard Test Method for Measurement of the Luminance Coefficient Under Diffuse Illumination of Pavement Marking Materials Using a Portable Reflectometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The quality of the stripe for visibility in daylight or under road lighting is determined by the luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination, Qd, and depends on the materials used, age, and wear pattern. These conditions shall be observed and noted by the user.
Under the same conditions of illumination and viewing, higher levels of Qd correspond to higher levels of lightness.
Reflectivity of pavement (road) markings degrade with traffic wear and require periodic measurement to ensure that sufficient line visibility is provided to drivers.
For a given viewing distance, measurements of Qd made with a reflectometer having a geometry corresponding to that distance are a good indicator of the visual ranking of material measured.
specified by CEN, the measurement geometry of the instrument is based on a viewing distance of 30 m and an eye height of 1.2 m.
It shall be the responsibility of the user to employ an instrument having the specified co-viewing angle.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination of horizontal pavement markings, such as traffic stripes and surface symbols, and pavement surfaces, in a particular viewing direction using a portable reflectometer.
Note 1—The luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination is a measure of the reflection of horizontal pavement markings and pavement surfaces in a particular viewing direction in daylight or under road lighting. Diffuse illumination approximates daylight illumination from the overcast sky, and road lighting as an average of locations on the pavement surface.
1.2 The co-viewing angle of the reflectometer affects the readings. As specified by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), the co-viewing angle shall be 2.29°.
1.3 This test method is intended to be used for field measurement of pavement markings and pavement surfaces but may be used to measure the performance of materials on sample panels before placing the marking material in the field.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2009
• ICS: 93.080.20 - Road construction materials
• Technical Committee: E12 - Color and Appearance
• Drafting Committee: E12.10 - Retroreflection

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E2302-03a - Standard Test Method for Measurement of the Luminance Coefficient Under Diffuse Illumination of Pavement Marking Materials Using a Portable Reflectometer
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D8367-21 - Standard Practice for Making a Laboratory Pavement Marking Sample Using a Pavement Marking and Drop-on Particles
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E2302 −03a(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of the Luminance Coefficient Under Diffuse
Illumination of Pavement Marking Materials Using a Portable
1
Reflectometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2302; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Other Standard:
CEN EN 1436Road Marking Materials—Road Marking
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the luminance
3
Performance for Road Users
coefficient under diffuse illumination of horizontal pavement
markings, such as traffic stripes and surface symbols, and
3. Terminology
pavement surfaces, in a particular viewing direction using a
3.1 The terminology used in this test method generally
portable reflectometer.
agrees with that used in Terminology E284.
NOTE 1—The luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination is a
measure of the reflection of horizontal pavement markings and pavement
3.2 Definitions:
surfaces in a particular viewing direction in daylight or under road
3.2.1 luminance coeffıcient under diffuse illumination; Qd,
lighting.Diffuseilluminationapproximatesdaylightilluminationfromthe
overcastsky,androadlightingasanaverageoflocationsonthepavement n—the ratio of luminance, L, in a particular viewing direction,
surface.
of a projected surface to the illuminance of diffuse
illumination, E, at the surface on the plane of the surface,
1.2 The co-viewing angle of the reflectometer affects the
-2 -1
expressed in candelas per square metre per lux (cd·m ·lx ).
readings. As specified by the European Committee for Stan-
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Qd has a range from zero up to a
dardization (CEN), the co-viewing angle shall be 2.29°.
-2 -1
maximum of 1/π = approximately 0.318 cd·m ·lx . For
1.3 This test method is intended to be used for field
convenience, the units used commonly are millicandelas per
measurementofpavementmarkingsandpavementsurfacesbut -2 -1
square metre per lux (mcd·m ·lx ) providing a range from
may be used to measure the performance of materials on -2 -1
zero up to 1000/π = approximately 318 mcd·m ·lx .
sample panels before placing the marking material in the field.
3.2.2 co-viewing angle, a, n—theanglebetweentheplaneof
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the pavement marking surface and the observation axis.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.3 portable reflectometer, n—a hand-held instrument that
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
can be used in the field or laboratory for measurement of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.4 instrument standard, n—working standard used to
standardize the portable reflectometer.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Summary of Test Method
E284Terminology of Appearance
4.1 This test method involves the use of commercial por-
E809Practice for Measuring Photometric Characteristics of
table reflectometers for determining the luminance coefficient
Retroreflectors
under diffuse illumination in a particular viewing direction of
horizontal coatings materials used in pavement markings.
4.2 The co-viewing angle is fixed at 2.29°.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color
and Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.10 on
4.3 The reflectometers use an external panel or other instru-
Retroreflection.
ment standard of known luminance coefficient under diffuse
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2009. Published September 2009. Originally
illumination, Qd.
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E2302–03a. DOI:
10.1520/E2302-03AR09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), 36 rue de
the ASTM website. Stassart, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cenorm.be.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E2302−03a (2009)
4.4 The portable reflectometer is placed directly over the 6.2.3 The diffuse illumination may be approximated by
pavement marking to be measured, ensuring that the measure- reflection from the interior surface of sphere or other shape or
ment area of the reflectometer fits within the width of th
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2302–03a Designation: E 2302 – 03a (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of the Luminance Coefficient Under Diffuse
Illumination of Pavement Marking Materials Using a Portable
1
Reflectometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2302; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination of horizontal pavement
markings, such as traffic stripes and surface symbols, and pavement surfaces, in a particular viewing direction using a portable
reflectometer.
NOTE 1—The luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination is a measure of the reflection of horizontal pavement markings and pavement surfaces
in a particular viewing direction in daylight or under road lighting. Diffuse illumination approximates daylight illumination from the overcast sky, and
road lighting as an average of locations on the pavement surface.
1.2 Theco-viewingangleofthereflectometeraffectsthereadings.AsspecifiedbytheEuropeanCommitteeforStandardization
(CEN), the co-viewing angle shall be 2.29°.
1.3 Thistestmethodisintendedtobeusedforfieldmeasurementofpavementmarkingsandpavementsurfacesbutmaybeused
to measure the performance of materials on sample panels before placing the marking material in the field.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E284 Terminology of Appearance
E809 Practice for Measuring Photometric Characteristics of Retroreflectors
2.2 Other Standard:
3
CEN EN 1436 Road Marking Materials—Road Marking Performance for Road Users
3. Terminology
3.1 The terminology used in this test method generally agrees with that used in Terminology E284.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 luminance coeffıcient under diffuse illumination; Qd, n—the ratio of luminance, L, in a particular viewing direction, of a
projected surface to the illuminance of diffuse illumination, E, at the surface on the plane of the surface, expressed in candelas per
-2 -1
square metre per lux (cd·m ·lx ).
-2 -1
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Qd has a range from zero up to a maximum of 1/p = approximately 0.318 cd·m ·lx . For convenience,
-2 -1
the units used commonly are millicandelas per square metre per lux (mcd·m ·lx ) providing a range from zero up to 1000/p =
-2 -1
approximately 318 mcd·m ·lx .
3.2.2 co-viewing angle, a, n—the angle between the plane of the pavement marking surface and the observation axis.
3.2.3 portable reflectometer, n—ahand-heldinstrumentthatcanbeusedinthefieldorlaboratoryformeasurementofluminance
coefficient under diffuse illumination.
3.2.4 instrument standard, n—working standard used to standardize the portable reflectometer.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE12onColorandAppearanceandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE12.10onRetroreflection.
Current edition approved Dec.Aug. 1, 2003.2009. Published December 2003.September 2009. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as
E2302–03a.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from European Committee for Standardization, Central Secretariat (CEN), rue de Stassart 36, B1050 Brussels, Belgium.
3
Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), 36 rue de Stassart, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cenorm.be.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E 2302 – 03a (2009)
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method involves the use of commercial portable reflectometers for determining the luminance coefficient under
diffuse illumination in a particular viewing direction of horizontal coatings materials used in pavement markings.
4.2 The co-viewing angle is fixed at 2.29°.
4.3 The reflectometers use an external panel or other instrument
...