ASTM D7583-16(2023)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for John Deere Coolant Cavitation Test
Standard Test Method for John Deere Coolant Cavitation Test
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate the ability of a heavy-duty diesel engine coolant to provide protection against damage resulting from a phenomenon known as cylinder liner cavitation corrosion.
5.2 This test method may be used for engine coolant specification acceptance when all details of this test method are in compliance.
5.3 The design of the engine used in this test method is a production OEM diesel engine modified to consistently produce the operating conditions that accelerate damage from cylinder liner cavitation. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions needs to be considered when extrapolating test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the John Deere Cavitation Test.2 The test method defines a heavy-duty diesel engine to evaluate coolant protection as related to cylinder liner pitting caused by cavitation.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. The only exception is where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing sizes.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.
1.4 Table of Contents:
Scope
1
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Test Method
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
Test Engine Configuration
6.1
Test Engine
6.1.1
Test Stand Configuration
6.2
Engine Mounting
6.2.1
Intake Air System
6.2.2
Aftercooler
6.2.3
Exhaust System
6.2.4
Fuel System
6.2.5
Coolant System
6.2.6
Oil System
6.2.7
Oil Volume
6.2.7.1
Pressurized Oil Fill System
6.2.7.2
External Oil System
6.2.7.3
Oil Sample Valve Location
6.2.7.4
Unacceptable Oil System Materials
6.2.7.5
Crankcase Aspiration
6.3
Blowby Rate
6.4
System Time Responses
6.5
Clearance Measurements
6.6
Engine and Cleaning Fluids
7
Engine Oil
7.1
Test Fuel
7.2
Test Coolant
7.3
Solvent
7.4
Preparation of Apparatus
8
Cleaning of Parts
8.1
General
8.1.1
Engine Block
8.1.2
Cylinder Head
8.1.3
Rocker Cover and Oil Pan
8.1.4
External Oil System
8.1.5
Rod Bearing Cleaning and Measurement
8.1.6
Ring Cleaning and Measurement
8.1.7
Injector Nozzle
8.1.8
Pistons
8.1.9
Engine Assembly
8.2
General
8.2.1
Parts Reuse and Replacement
8.2.2
Build-Up Oil
8.2.3
Coolant Thermostat
8.2.4
Fuel Injectors
8.2.5
New Parts
8.2.6
Operational Measurements
8.3
Units and Formats
8.3.1
Instrumentation Calibration
8.3.2
Fuel Consumption Rate Measurement Calibration
8.3.2.1
Temperature Measurement Calibration
8.3.2.2
Pressure Measurement Calibration
8.3.2.3
Temperatures
8.3.3
Measurement Location
8.3.3.1
Coolant Out Temperature
8.3.3.2
Coolant In Temperature
8.3.3.3
Fuel In Temperature
8.3.3.4
Oil Gallery Temperature
8.3.3.5
Intake Air Temperature
8.3.3.6
Intake Air after Compressor Temperature
8.3.3.7
Intake Manifold Temperature
8.3.3.8
Exhaust Temperature
8.3.3.9
Exhaust after Turbo Temperature
8.3.3.10
Additional Temperatures
8.3.3.11
Pressures
8.3.4
Measurement Location and Equipment
8.3.4.1
Condensation Trap
8.3.4.2
Coolant Pressure
8.3.4.3
Fuel Pressure
8.3.4.4
Oil Gallery Pressure
8.3.4.5
Intake Air Pressure
8.3.4.6
Intake Air after Comp...
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7583 − 16 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Method for
John Deere Coolant Cavitation Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7583; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
External Oil System 6.2.7.3
Oil Sample Valve Location 6.2.7.4
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the John
Unacceptable Oil System Materials 6.2.7.5
Deere Cavitation Test. The test method defines a heavy-duty Crankcase Aspiration 6.3
Blowby Rate 6.4
diesel engine to evaluate coolant protection as related to
System Time Responses 6.5
cylinder liner pitting caused by cavitation.
Clearance Measurements 6.6
Engine and Cleaning Fluids 7
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Engine Oil 7.1
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Test Fuel 7.2
Test Coolant 7.3
only. The only exception is where there is no direct SI
Solvent 7.4
equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/
Preparation of Apparatus 8
diameters, and tubing sizes.
Cleaning of Parts 8.1
General 8.1.1
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Engine Block 8.1.2
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Cylinder Head 8.1.3
Rocker Cover and Oil Pan 8.1.4
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
External Oil System 8.1.5
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Rod Bearing Cleaning and Measurement 8.1.6
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Ring Cleaning and Measurement 8.1.7
Injector Nozzle 8.1.8
See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.
Pistons 8.1.9
1.4 Table of Contents:
Engine Assembly 8.2
General 8.2.1
Scope 1
Parts Reuse and Replacement 8.2.2
Referenced Documents 2
Build-Up Oil 8.2.3
Terminology 3
Coolant Thermostat 8.2.4
Summary of Test Method 4
Fuel Injectors 8.2.5
Significance and Use 5
New Parts 8.2.6
Apparatus 6
Operational Measurements 8.3
Test Engine Configuration 6.1
Units and Formats 8.3.1
Test Engine 6.1.1
Instrumentation Calibration 8.3.2
Test Stand Configuration 6.2
Fuel Consumption Rate Measurement Calibration 8.3.2.1
Engine Mounting 6.2.1
Temperature Measurement Calibration 8.3.2.2
Intake Air System 6.2.2
Pressure Measurement Calibration 8.3.2.3
Aftercooler 6.2.3
Temperatures 8.3.3
Exhaust System 6.2.4
Measurement Location 8.3.3.1
Fuel System 6.2.5
Coolant Out Temperature 8.3.3.2
Coolant System 6.2.6
Coolant In Temperature 8.3.3.3
Oil System 6.2.7
Fuel In Temperature 8.3.3.4
Oil Volume 6.2.7.1
Oil Gallery Temperature 8.3.3.5
Pressurized Oil Fill System 6.2.7.2
Intake Air Temperature 8.3.3.6
Intake Air after Compressor Temperature 8.3.3.7
Intake Manifold Temperature 8.3.3.8
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine
Exhaust Temperature 8.3.3.9
Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.11
Exhaust after Turbo Temperature 8.3.3.10
on Heavy Duty Coolants.
Additional Temperatures 8.3.3.11
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2023. Published September 2023. Originally
Pressures 8.3.4
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D7583 – 16. DOI:
Measurement Location and Equipment 8.3.4.1
10.1520/D7583-16R23.
Condensation Trap 8.3.4.2
American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the
Coolant Pressure 8.3.4.3
validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this Fuel Pressure 8.3.4.4
standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the Oil Gallery Pressure 8.3.4.5
Intake Air Pressure 8.3.4.6
validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are
entirely their own responsibility.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7583 − 16 (2023)
Intake Air after Compressor Pressure 8.3.4.7 Precision 13.1
Intake Manifold Pressure 8.3.4.8 Intermediate Precision Conditions 13.1.1
Exhaust after Turbo Pressure 8.3.4.9 Intermediate Precision Limit 13.1.2
Crankcase Pressure 8.3.4.10 Reproducibility Conditions 13.2
Additional Pressures 8.3.4.11 Reproducibility Limit 13.2.1
Flow Rates 8.3.5 Bias 13.3
Flow Rate Location and Measurement Equipment 8.3.5.1 Keywords 14
Blowby 8.3.5.2 Annexes
Fuel Flow 8.3.5.3 Safety Precautions Annex A1
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Coolant 9 Intake Air Aftercooler Annex A2
Tests Engine Build Parts Kit Annex A3
General 9.1
Sensor Locations, Special Hardware, and Engine Block Annex A4
New Test Stand 9.2 Modifications
New Test Stand Calibration 9.2.1 Fuel Specifications Annex A5
Stand Calibration Period 9.3 John Deere Service Publications Annex A6
Stand Modification and Calibration Status 9.4 Specified Units and Formats Annex A7
Test Numbering System 9.5 Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A8
General 9.5.1 Coolant Analysis Annex A9
Reference Coolant Tests 9.5.2 Oil Analysis Annex A10
Non-Reference Coolant Tests 9.5.3 Determination of Operational Validity Annex A11
Reference Coolant Test Acceptance 9.6 Typical System Configurations Appendix X1
Reference Coolant Accountability 9.7
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
Last Start Date 9.8
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Donated Reference Coolant Test Programs 9.9
Adjustments to Reference Coolant Calibration Periods 9.10
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Procedure Development 9.10.1
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Parts and Fuel Shortages 9.10.2
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Reference Coolant Test Data Flow 9.10.3
Special Use of The Reference Coolant Calibration System 9.10.4
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Procedure 10
Engine Installation and Stand Connections 10.1
2. Referenced Documents
Break-in 10.2
Coolant System Fill for Break-in 10.2.1
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Oil Fill for Break-in 10.2.2
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
Engine Build Committed 10.2.3
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
Break-in Conditions 10.2.4
Shutdown during Break-in 10.2.5
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
250-Hour Test Procedure 10.3
Closed Cup Tester
Coolant System Fill for Test 10.3.1
Zero-Hour Coolant Sample 10.3.1.1 D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
Oil Fill for Test 10.3.2
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
Zero-Hour Oil Sample 10.3.2.1
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
Warm-Up 10.3.3
Warm-up Conditions 10.3.3.1 D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
Shutdown during Warm-up 10.3.3.2
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
20-Hour Steady State Extended Break-in 10.3.4
D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and
20-Hour Steady State Extended Break-in Conditions 10.3.4.1
Shutdown during 20-Hour Extended Break-in 10.3.4.2 Petroleum Products (Hydrometer/Method)
230-Hour Cyclic 10.4
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
230-Hour Cyclic Conditions 10.4.1
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
Shutdown during 230-Hour Cyclic 10.4.2
Shutdown and Maintenance 10.5 ity)
Normal Shutdown 10.5.1
D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
Emergency Shutdown 10.5.2
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of
Maintenance 10.5.3
Downtime 10.5.4 Petroleum Products
Operating conditions 10.6
D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
Stage Transition Times 10.6.1
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
Test Timer 10.6.2
Operational Data Acquisition 10.6.3
by Potentiometric Titration
Operational Data Reporting 10.6.4
D976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate
Coolant Sampling 10.6.5
Fuels
Oil Sampling 10.6.6
End of Test (EOT) 10.7 D1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine Cool-
Shutdown 10.7.1
ants and Antirusts
Oil Drain 10.7.2
D1177 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine
Coolant Drain 10.7.3
Engine Disassembly 10.7.4
Coolants
Calculations, Ratings and Test Validity 11
D1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Antirusts
Liner Pit Count 11.1
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-
Coolant Analysis 11.2
Oil Analyses 11.3
leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
Assessment of Operational Validity 11.4
Report 12
Report Forms 12.1
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Reference Coolant Test 12.2
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Electronic Transmission of Test Results 12.3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Precision and Bias 13
the ASTM website.
D7583 − 16 (2023)
D2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel 3.1.7 non-standard test, n—a test that is not conducted in
Oil (Accelerated Method) conformance with the requirements in the standard test
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products method; such as running in an non-calibrated test stand or
and Liquid Fuels using different test equipment, applying different equipment
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by assembly procedures, or using modified operating conditions.
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry D5844
D2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle
3.1.8 reference coolant, n—a coolant of known performance
Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge
characteristics, used as a basis for comparison.
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
3.1.9 test coolant, n—any coolant subjected to evaluation in
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
an established procedure.
D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service
3.1.10 wear, n—the loss of material from, or relocation of
Category Engine Oils
material on, a surface.
D4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four
3.1.10.1 Discussion—Wear generally occurs between two
Variable Equation
surfaces moving relative to each other, and is the result of
D5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination of
Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by mechanical or chemical action or by a combination of me-
chanical and chemical actions. D5302
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrom-
etry (ICP-AES)
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
D5302 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine
3.2.1 cylinder liner, n—in internal combustion engines, the
Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation and Wear in a
replaceable cylinders in which the pistons move up and down
Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with
and combustion takes place.
Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-
4 3.2.2 overhead, n—in internal combustion engines, the
Duty Conditions (Withdrawn 2003)
components of the valve train located in or above the cylinder
D5844 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine
head.
Oils for Inhibition of Rusting (Sequence IID) (Withdrawn
2003) 3.2.3 valve train, n—in internal combustion engines, the
series of components, such as valves, crossheads, rocker arms,
D5967 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in
T-8 Diesel Engine push rods and camshaft, that open and close the intake and
exhaust valves.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
E202 Test Methods for Analysis of Ethylene Glycols and 4. Summary of Test Method
Propylene Glycols
4.1 This test engine is a John Deere six-cylinder 10.1 L
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-
(6101H). Test operation includes a 19 min engine break-in, a
etry
20 h coolant break-in, and 230 h in five cyclic steps.
3. Terminology
4.2 Prior to each test, the engine is cleaned and assembled
with new cylinder liners and gaskets.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 blind reference coolant, n—a reference coolant, the
4.3 The test stand is equipped with the appropriate instru-
identity of which is unknown by the test facility.
mentation to control engine speed, fuel flow, and other oper-
ating parameters.
3.1.2 blowby, n—in internal combustion engines, the com-
bustion products and unburned air-and-fuel mixture that enter
4.4 Coolant performance is characterized by determining
the crankcase. D5302
the total liner pit count area.
3.1.3 calibrate, v—to determine the indication or output of a
measuring device with respect to that of a standard. E344 5. Significance and Use
3.1.4 heavy-duty, adj—in internal combustion engine
5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate the ability
operation, characterized by average speed, power output, and
of a heavy-duty diesel engine coolant to provide protection
internal temperatures that are close to the potential maximum.
against damage resulting from a phenomenon known as
D4485
cylinder liner cavitation corrosion.
3.1.5 heavy-duty engine, n—in internal combustion engines,
5.2 This test method may be used for engine coolant
one that is designed to allow operation continuously at or close
specification acceptance when all details of this test method are
to its peak output. D4485
in compliance.
3.1.6 non-reference coolant, n—any coolant other than a
5.3 The design of the engine used in this test method is a
reference coolant, such as a research formulation, commercial
production OEM diesel engine modified to consistently pro-
coolant or candidate coolant. D5844
duce the operating conditions that accelerate damage from
cylinder liner cavitation. This factor, along with the accelerated
operating conditions needs to be considered when extrapolat-
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. ing test results.
D7583 − 16 (2023)
6. Apparatus 6.2.7.1 Oil Volume—Although the system volume is not
specified, an excessively large volume may increase the time
6.1 Test Engine Configuration:
required for the engine fluid temperatures to attain specifica-
6.1.1 Test Engine—The John Deere 6101H is an inline
tion. A system volume of 50.5 L or less, including the volume
six-cylinder heavy duty diesel engine with 10.1 L of displace-
contained in the engine, has proven satisfactory.
ment and is turbocharged and aftercooled. The engine has an
6.2.7.2 Pressurized Oil Fill System—The oil fill system is
overhead valve configuration. It features mechanical control of
not specified. A t
...
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