ASTM D1169-02

Standard Test Method for Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of Electrical Insulating Liquids

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of specific resistance (resistivity) applied to new electrical insulating liquids, as well as to liquids in service, or subsequent to service, in cables, transformers, circuit breakers, and other electrical apparatus.
1.2 This test method covers a procedure for making referee tests with dc potential.
1.3 When it is desired to make routine determinations requiring less accuracy, certain modifications to this test method are permitted as described in Sections 19-26.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 17.6 for a specific warning statement.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-2002
• ICS: 29.040.10 - Insulating oils
• Technical Committee: D27 - Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
• Drafting Committee: D27.05 - Electrical Test

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1169-95 - Standard Test Method for Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of Electrical Insulating Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D1169-02e1 - Standard Test Method for Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of Electrical Insulating Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4652-20 - Standard Specification for Silicone Liquid Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D2225-20 - Standard Test Methods for Silicone Liquids Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D257-14(2021)e1 - Standard Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4293-22 - Standard Specification for Phosphate Ester-Based Fluids for Turbine Lubrication and Steam Turbine Electro-Hydraulic Control (EHC) Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D8323-20 - Standard Guide for Management of In-Service Phosphate Ester-based Fluids for Steam Turbine Electro-Hydraulic Control (EHC) Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5282-05(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Compatibility of Construction Material with Silicone Fluid Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D6224-22 - Standard Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Lubricating Oil for Auxiliary Power Plant Equipment
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D1934-20 - Standard Test Method for Oxidative Aging of Electrical Insulating Liquids by Open-Beaker Method
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D117-22 - Standard Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3394-16(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Electrical Insulating Board
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 1169 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of Electrical Insulating
1
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1169; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope flowwithinthespecimen,tothecurrentdensityinamperesper
square centimetre at a given instant of time and under
1.1 This test method covers the determination of specific
prescribed conditions. This is numerically equal to the resis-
resistance (resistivity) applied to new electrical insulating
tancebetweenoppositefacesofacentimetrecubeoftheliquid.
liquids, as well as to liquids in service, or subsequent to
The units are ohm-centimetres.
service, in cables, transformers, circuit breakers, and other
electrical apparatus.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 This test method covers a procedure for making referee
4.1 The resistivity of a liquid is a measure of its electrical
tests with dc potential.
insulating properties under conditions comparable to those of
1.3 When it is desired to make routine determinations
the test. High resistivity reflects low content of free ions and
requiring less accuracy, certain modifications to this test
ion-forming particles, and normally indicates a low concentra-
method are permitted as described in Sections 19-26.
tion of conductive contaminants.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. General Considerations
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 Theory and measuring equipment pertaining to this
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
method shall be in accordance with Test Methods D257.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 17.6 for a
5.2 Where both ac loss characteristic (dissipation factor or
specific warning statement.
power factor) and resistivity measurements are to be made
consecutivelyonthesamespecimen,maketheacmeasurement
2. Referenced Documents
before applying the dc potential to the specimen, and short
2.1 ASTM Standards:
circuit the cell electrodes for 1 min immediately prior to
D 150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and
making the resistivity measurements.
Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insu-
2 5.3 Make referee tests for resistivity in an atmosphere of
lating Materials
less than 50% relative humidity. For repeatable results make
D 257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of
2 these tests under carefully controlled atmospheric conditions.
Insulating Materials
3 5.4 Aside from the adverse influence of contamination on
D 923 Practice for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
results of the resistivity test, there are other factors that can
D924 TestMethodforDissipationFactor(orPowerFactor)
contribute to variations in the test results as follows:
and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electri-
3 5.4.1 Theuseofaninstrumentnothavinganadequaterange
cal Insulating Liquids
foraccuratelymeasuringthecurrentflowinginthecircuit.(See
3. Terminology Section 6 for two types of recommended instruments.)
5.4.2 When the time of electrification is not exactly the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
same for every test. Upon the application of voltage, the
3.1.1 specific resistance (resistivity), n—the ratio of the dc
current flow through the specimen decreases asymptotically
potentialgradientinvoltspercentimetreparallelingthecurrent
toward a limiting value. Variation in the time of electrification
can result in appreciable variation in the test results.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on
5.4.3 Undue length of time required for the test specimen in
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
the cell to attain the desired test temperature.This is one of the
mittee D27.05 on Electrical Tests.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2002. Published December 2002. Originally main sources of erroneous results. For optimum results, attain
published as D1169–51T. Last previous edition D1169–95.
the test temperature within 20 min.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.
5.4.4 Fluctuations in the test voltage (see 6.1.4).
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.03.
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D 1169–02
amperes. The meter would be unreadable under these conditions.
6. Instr
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