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ASTM D6766-06

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Liquids

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Liquids

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1.1 This test method covers laboratory measurement of both flux and hydraulic conductivity (also referred to as  coefficient of permeability) of geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) specimens permeated with chemical solutions and leachates utilizing a flexible wall permeameter. For test measurement of index hydraulic properties of geosynthetic clay liners, refer to Test Method D 5887.
1.2 This test method may be utilized with GCL specimens that have a hydraulic conductivity less than or equal to 1 10 -5 m/s (1 10-3 cm/s).
1.3 This test method is applicable to GCL products having geotextile backing(s). It may not be applicable to GCL products with geomembrane backing(s).
1.4 This test method provides measurements of flux and hydraulic conductivity under a prescribed set of conditions, as an index test, that can be used for manufacturing quality control. The flux and hydraulic conductivity values determined using this test method under the prescribed set of conditions is not considered to be representative of the in-service conditions of GCLs. However, the test method allows the requester to establish a set of test conditions; thus, the test method also may be used to check performance or conformance, or both.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, unless other units are specifically given. By tradition in U.S. practice, hydraulic conductivity is reported in centimeters per second, although the common SI units for hydraulic conductivity are meters per second.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-2005
ICS
59.080.70 - Geotextiles
Technical Committee
D35 - Geosynthetics
Drafting Committee
D35.04 - Geosynthetic Clay Liners
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6766-02 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Liquids
Effective Date
01-Jan-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D6766-06a - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Liquids
Effective Date
15-Nov-2006
Referred By
ASTM D6141-18(2022) - Standard Guide for Screening Clay Portion and Index Flux of Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) for Chemical Compatibility to Liquids
Effective Date
01-Jan-2006

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ASTM D6766-06 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible LiquidsASTM D6766-06 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Liquids
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ASTM D6766-06 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Liquids
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:D6766–06
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay
1
Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6766; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers laboratory measurement of both 2.1 ASTM Standards:
flux and hydraulic conductivity (also referred to as coeffıcient D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
of permeability) of geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) specimens Fluids
permeated with chemical solutions and leachates utilizing a D 2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Wa-
flexible wall permeameter. For test measurement of index ter (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
hydraulic properties of geosynthetic clay liners, refer to Test D 4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
Method D 5887. D 4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying
1.2 This test method may be utilized with GCL specimens Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
that have a hydraulic conductivity less than or equal to Construction Materials Testing
-5 -3
1 3 10 m/s (1 3 10 cm/s). D 5887 Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux
1.3 This test method is applicable to GCL products having Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens
geotextile backing(s). It may not be applicable to GCL prod- Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
ucts with geomembrane backing(s). E 145 Specification for Gravity-Convection And Forced-
1.4 This test method provides measurements of flux and Ventilation Ovens
hydraulic conductivity under a prescribed set of conditions, as
3. Terminology
an index test, that can be used for manufacturing quality
control.The flux and hydraulic conductivity values determined 3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 flux, n—the rate of discharge of liquid under laminar
using this test method under the prescribed set of conditions is
flow conditions through a unit cross-sectional area of a GCL
not considered to be representative of the in-service conditions
of GCLs. However, the test method allows the requester to specimen at a standard temperature condition (22 6 3°C).
3.1.2 geosynthetic clay liner (GCL), n—a factory-
establish a set of test conditions; thus, the test method also may
be used to check performance or conformance, or both. manufactured geosynthetic hydraulic barrier consisting of clay
supported by geotextiles, geomembranes, or a combination
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard, unless other units are specifically given. By tradition thereof, that are held together by needling, stitching, chemical
adhesives or other methods.
in U.S. practice, hydraulic conductivity is reported in centime-
ters per second, although the common SI units for hydraulic 3.1.3 hydraulic conductivity, k, n—the rate of discharge of
liquid under laminar flow conditions through a unit cross-
conductivity are meters per second.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the sectional area of a GCL specimen under a unit hydraulic
gradient and standard temperature conditions (22 6 3°C).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.1.3.1 Discussion—The term coeffıcient of permeability is
often used instead of hydraulic conductivity but hydraulic
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. conductivity is used exclusively in this test method. A more
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
2
GeosyntheticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD35.04onHydraulic For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Properties. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2006. Published February 2006. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 6766–02. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D6766–06
complete discussion of the terminology associated with Dar- 4.5 The apparatus used in this test method is commonly
3
cy’s law is gi
...

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1.1 This test method covers an index test that covers laboratory measurement of flux through saturated geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) specimens using a flexible wall permeameter.  
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5.1 Since tear resistance may be affected to a large degree by mechanical fibering of the membrane under stress, as well as by stress distribution, strain rate, and size of specimen, the results obtained in a tear resistance test can only be regarded as a measure of the resistance under the conditions of that particular test and not necessarily as having any direct relation to service value. This test method measures the force required to tear a reinforced geomembrane along a reasonably defined course such as that the tear propagates across the width of the specimen. The values may vary between types of reinforcement used within a geomembrane.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a uniform procedure for determining the tear strength of flexible geomembranes internally reinforced with a textile, using the tongue tear method.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Geomembranes

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5.1 This practice covers test arrangements, measurement techniques, sampling methods, and calculations to be used for nondestructive evaluation of geomembranes using ultrasonic testing.  
5.2 Wave velocity may be established for particular geomembranes (for specific polymer type, specific formulation, specific density). Relationships may be established between velocity and both density and tensile properties of geomembranes. An example of the use of ultrasound for determining density of polyethylene is presented in Test Method D4883. Velocity measurements may be used to determine thickness of geomembranes (1, 2).4 Travel time and amplitude of transmitted waves may be used to assess the condition of geomembranes and to identify defects in geomembranes including surface defects (for example, scratches, cuts), inner defects (for example, discontinuities within geomembranes), and defects that penetrate the entire thickness of geomembranes (for example, pinholes) (3, 4). Bonding between geomembrane sheets can be evaluated using travel time, velocity, or impedance measurements for seam assessment (5-10). Examples of the use of ultrasonic testing for determining the integrity of field and factory seams through travel time and velocity measurements (resulting in thickness measurements) are presented in Practices D4437 and D4545, respectively. An ultrasonic testing device is routinely used for evaluating seams in prefabricated bituminous geomembranes in the field (11). Integrity of geomembranes may be monitored in time using ultrasonic measurements.
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1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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ASTM D6992-16(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Accelerated Tensile Creep and Creep-Rupture of Geosynthetic Materials Based on Time-Temperature Superposition Using the Stepped Isothermal Method

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5.1 Use of the Stepped Isothermal Method decreases the time required for creep to occur and the obtaining of the associated data.  
5.2 The statements set forth in 1.6 are very important in the context of significance and use, as well as scope of the standard.  
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Note 1: Currently, SIM testing has focused mainly on woven and knitted geogrids and woven geotextiles made from polyester, aramid, polyaramid, poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA), and polypropylene yarns and narrow strips. Additional correlation studies on other materials are needed.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers accelerated testing for tensile creep, and tensile creep-rupture properties using the Stepped Isothermal Method (SIM).  
1.2 The test method is focused on geosynthetic reinforcement materials such as yarns, ribs of geogrids, or narrow geotextile specimens.  
1.3 The SIM tests are laterally unconfined tests based on time-temperature superposition procedures.  
1.4 Tensile tests are to be completed before SIM tests and the results are used to determine the stress levels for subsequent SIM tests defined in terms of the percentage of Ultimate Tensile Strength (TULT). Additionally, the tensile test can be designed to provide estimates of the initial elastic strain distributions appropriate for the SIM results.  
1.5 Ramp and Hold (R+H) tests may be completed in conjunction with SIM tests. They are designed to provide additional estimates of the initial elastic and initial rapid creep strain levels appropriate for the SIM results.  
1.6 This method can be used to establish the sustained load creep and creep-rupture characteristics of a geosynthetic. Results of this method are to be used to augment results of Test Method D5262 and may not be used as the sole basis for determination of long-term creep and creep-rupture behavior of geosynthetic material.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5322-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Laboratory Immersion Procedures for Evaluating the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to Liquids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides a standard immersion procedure for investigating the chemical resistance of a geosynthetic to a liquid waste, leachate, or chemical in a laboratory environment. The conditions specified in this practice are intended both to provide a basis of standardization and to serve as a guide for those wishing to compare or investigate the chemical resistance of a geosynthetic material(s) in a laboratory environment. Practice D5496 can be used should the user need to assess the performance of a geosynthetic in field conditions.  
4.2 This practice is not intended to establish, by itself, the behavior of geosynthetics when exposed to liquids. Such behavior, referred to as chemical resistance, can be defined only in terms of specific chemical solutions and methods of testing and evaluation criteria selected by the user.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers laboratory immersion procedures for the testing of geosynthetics for chemical resistance to liquid wastes, prepared chemical solutions, and leachates derived from solid wastes.  
1.2 This standard is not applicable to some geosynthetics such as geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), because of their composite nature requiring a confining pressure during immersion. However, individual geosynthetic components of the GCL can be tested.  
1.3 This standard was originally developed to supplement and expand EPA 9090 to include all geosynthetics. EPA 9090 has not been updated since 1992.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 7.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off