ASTM D5551-95
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of the Cloud Point of Oil
Standard Test Method for Determination of the Cloud Point of Oil
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cloud point of oils used in the softening and stuffing of leather and in the manufacture of fat liquors and other softening and stuffing compounds. This test method was derived from Test Methods D97 and D2500.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 5551 – 95
Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Cloud Point of Oil
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5551; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cloud
point of oils used in the softening and stuffing of leather and in
the manufacture of fat liquors and other softening and stuffing
compounds. This test method was derived from Test Methods
D 97 and D 2500.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 97 Test Methods for Pour Point of Petroleum Oils
D 2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Oils
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers NOTE 1—All dimensions in millimetres.
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Cloud Point Test
3. Terminology
6 3 mm above the inside bottom.
3.1 cloud point—that temperature, expressed as a multiple
5.2 Thermometers, having ranges shown below and con-
of 1°C (2°F), at which a cloud or haze of wax crystals appears
forming to the requirements prescribed in Specification E 1 for
at the bottom of the test jar when the oil is cooled under
thermometers:
prescribed conditions.
Thermometer
Temperature Number
4. Significance and Use
Thermometer Range ASTM IP
High cloud and pour −38 to +50°C 5C 1C
4.1 This test method is intended to determine the cloud
Low cloud and pour −80 to +20°C 6C 2C
point of oils used in the softening and stuffing of leather, as
Melting point +32 to +127°C 61C 63C
well as those used in the manufacture of products for such
5.2.1 Since separation of liquid column thermometers occa-
purpose. The cloud point of oils is measured for the purpose of
sionally occurs and may escape detection, thermometers
quality assurance.
should be checked immediately prior to the test and used only
5. Apparatus
if they prove accurate within 6 1°C (for example, ice point).
5.3 Cork, to fit the test jar, bored centrally for the test
5.1 Test Jar, clear cylindrical glass, flat bottom, 30- to
thermometer.
33.5-mm inside diameter, and 115- to 125-mm height. To
5.4 Jacket, metal or glass, watertight, cylindrical, flat bot-
indicate sample height the jar should be marked with a line 54
tom, 115 mm in depth, 42- to 50-mm inside diameter. It must
be supported firmly in a vertical position in the cooling bath of
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-31 on Leather
5.7 so that not more than 25 mm projects out of the cooling
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.08 on Fats and Oils. This test
medium.
method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn.
(Method H 18-1957).
5.5 Disk, cork or felt, 6 mm thick, to fit loosely inside the
Current edition approved May 15, 1995. Published July 1995. Originally
jacket.
published as D 5551 – 94. Last previous edition D 5551 – 94.
5.6 Gasket, to fit snugly around the outside of the test jar
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03. and loosely inside the jacket. The gasket may be made of
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 5551
NOTE 7—Since separation of the mercury or toluene thread of cloud
rubber, leather, or other material that is elastic enough to cling
and pour thermometers occasionally occurs, and since such separation
to the test jar and hard enough to hold its shape. Its purpose is
may otherwise escape immediate detection, it is suggested that the ice
to prevent the test jar from touching the jacket.
points of the thermometers be checked immediately prior to the test. Any
5.7 Bath or Baths, maintained at prescribed temperatures
thermometer that shows as ice point differing from 0°C (32°F) by more
with a firm support to hold the jacket vertical. The required
than 1°C (2°F) should be further examined or recalibrated, or both, before
bath temperatures may be obtained by refrigeration if avail-
use.
able, otherwise by suitable freezing mixtures. Freezing mix-
7.4 Place the disk in the bottom of the jacket. Place the ring
tures commonly used for temperatures down to those shown
gasket around the test jar, 25 mm (1 in.) from the bottom. The
are as follows:
disk, gasket, and inside of the jacket shall be clean and dry.
For Tempera-
Insert the test jar in the jacket.
tures Down
7.5 Maintain the temperature of the cooling bath at −1
Ice and water 9°C
Crushed ice and sodium chloride crystals −12°C
to +2°C (30 to 35°F). Support the jacket containing the test jar
Crushed ice and calcium chloride crystals −27°C
firmly in a vertical position in the cooling bath so that not more
Acetone or petroleum naphtha (see Section 6) chilled in a −57°C
than 25 mm (1 in.) of the jacket projects out of the cooling
covered metal beaker with an ice-salt mixture to −12°C then
with enough solid carbon dioxide to give the desired temper-
medium.
ature.
7.6 At each test thermometer reading that is a multiple of
NOTE 1—There are automatic pour point testers available and in use
1°C (2°F), remove the test jar from the jacket quickly but
that may be advantageous in the saving of test time, permit the use of
without disturbing the oil, inspect for cloud, and replace in the
smaller samples, and have other factors that may merit their use. If
jacket.
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