ASTM E354-21e1

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature, Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications, particularly those under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of high-temperature, electrical, magnetic, and other similar iron, nickel, and cobalt alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Composition Range, %  
Aluminum  
0.005  
to  
18.00  
Beryllium  
0.001  
to  
0.05  
Boron  
0.001  
to  
1.00  
Calcium  
0.002  
to  
0.05  
Carbon  
0.001  
to  
1.10  
Chromium  
0.10  
to  
33.00  
Cobalt  
0.10  
to  
75.00  
Columbium (Niobium)  
0.01  
to  
6.0  
Copper  
0.01  
to  
10.00  
Iron  
0.01  
to  
85.00  
Magnesium  
0.001  
to  
0.05  
Manganese  
0.01  
to  
3.0  
Molybdenum  
0.01  
to  
30.0  
Nickel  
0.10  
to  
84.0  
Nitrogen  
0.001  
to  
0.20  
Phosphorus  
0.002  
to  
0.08  
Silicon  
0.01  
to  
5.00  
Sulfur  
0.002  
to  
0.10  
Tantalum  
0.005  
to  
10.0  
Titanium  
0.01  
to  
5.00  
Tungsten  
0.01  
to  
18.00  
Vanadium  
0.01  
to  
3.25  
Zirconium  
0.01  
to  
2.50  
1.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the sections indicated below:    
Sections  
Aluminum, Total, by the 8-Quinolinol Gravimetric Method (0.20 %
to 7.00 %)  
100 – 107  
Carbon, Total, by the Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Method—Discontinued 1986  
124 – 134  
Carbon, Total, by the Combustion Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to
1.10 %)—Discontinued 2014  
79 – 89  
Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method
(0.006 % to 1.00 %)  
165 – 174  
Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation—Titration Method
(0.10 % to 33.00 %)  
175 – 183  
Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate-Oxidation Titrimetric Method—
Discontinued 1980  
116 – 123  
Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange-Potentiometric Titration Method (2 %
to 75 %)  
53 – 60  
Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Spectrophotometric Method (0.10 %
to 5.0 %)  
61 – 70  
Copper by Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to
10.00 %)  
90 – 99  
Copper by the Sulfide Precipitation-Electrodeposition Gravimetric
Method (0.01 % to 10.00 %)  
71 – 78  
Iron by the Silver Reduction Titrimetric Method (1.0 % to 50.0 %)  
192 –199  
Manganese by the Metaperiodate Spectrophotometric Method
(0.05 % to 2.00 %)  
9 – 18  
Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange—8-Hydroxyquinoline Gravi-
metric Method (1.5 % to 30 %)  
184 – 191  
Molybdenum by the Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method
(0.01 % to 1.50 %)  
153 – 164  
Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to
84.0 %)  
135 – 142  
Phosphorus by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Method
(0.002 % to 0.08 %)  
19 – 30  
Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to 5.00 %)  
46 – 52    
Sulfur by the Gravimetric Method—Discontinued
1988  
Former 30 – 36  
Sulfur by the Combustion-Iodate Titration Method (0.005 % to
0.1 %)—Discontinued 2014  
37 – 45  
Sulfur by the Chromatographic Gra...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2021
• ICS: 77.140.40 - Steels with special magnetic properties
• Technical Committee: E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Drafting Committee: E01.01 - Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: E354 − 21
Standard Test Methods for
Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature, Electrical,
1
Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E354; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made in Table 5 in February 2022.
1. Scope
Carbon, Total, by the Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Method—
124 – 134
Discontinued 1986
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of
Carbon, Total, by the Combustion Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to
79–89
1.10 %)—Discontinued 2014
high-temperature, electrical, magnetic, and other similar iron,
Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method
nickel, and cobalt alloys having chemical compositions within
165 – 174
(0.006 % to 1.00 %)
the following limits:
Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation—Titration Method
175 – 183
(0.10 % to 33.00 %)
Composition
Element
Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate-Oxidation Titrimetric Method—
Range, %
116 – 123
Discontinued 1980
Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange-Potentiometric Titration Method (2 %
Aluminum 0.005 to 18.00
53 – 60
to 75 %)
Beryllium 0.001 to 0.05
Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Spectrophotometric Method (0.10 %
Boron 0.001 to 1.00
61 – 70
to 5.0 %)
Calcium 0.002 to 0.05
Copper by Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to
Carbon 0.001 to 1.10
90 – 99
10.00 %)
Chromium 0.10 to 33.00
Copper by the Sulfide Precipitation-Electrodeposition Gravimetric
Cobalt 0.10 to 75.00
71 – 78
Method (0.01 % to 10.00 %)
Columbium (Niobium) 0.01 to 6.0
Iron by the Silver Reduction Titrimetric Method (1.0 % to 50.0 %) 192 –199
Copper 0.01 to 10.00
Manganese by the Metaperiodate Spectrophotometric Method
Iron 0.01 to 85.00
9 – 18
(0.05 % to 2.00 %)
Magnesium 0.001 to 0.05
Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange—8-Hydroxyquinoline Gravi-
Manganese 0.01 to 3.0
184 – 191
metric Method (1.5 % to 30 %)
Molybdenum 0.01 to 30.0
Molybdenum by the Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method
Nickel 0.10 to 84.0
153 – 164
(0.01 % to 1.50 %)
Nitrogen 0.001 to 0.20
Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to
Phosphorus 0.002 to 0.08
135 – 142
84.0 %)
Silicon 0.01 to 5.00
Phosphorus by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Method
Sulfur 0.002 to 0.10
19 – 30
(0.002 % to 0.08 %)
Tantalum 0.005 to 10.0
Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to 5.00 %) 46 – 52
Titanium 0.01 to 5.00
Sulfur by the Gravimetric Method—Discontinued
Tungsten 0.01 to 18.00
Former 30 – 36
1988
Vanadium 0.01 to 3.25
Sulfur by the Combustion-Iodate Titration Method (0.005 % to
Zirconium 0.01 to 2.50
37 – 45
0.1 %)—Discontinued 2014
1.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the Sulfur by the Chromatographic Gravimetric Method—Discontinued
108 – 115
1980
sections indicated below:
Tin by the Solvent Extraction–Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
143 – 152
Sections Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %)
1.3 Methods for the determination of carbon and sulfur not
Aluminum, Total, by the 8-Quinolinol Gravimetric Method (0.20 %
100 – 107
to 7.00 %)
included in this standard can be found in Test Methods E1019.
1.4 Some of the composition ranges given in 1.1 are too
1
broad to be covered by a single method and therefore this
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on
Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and are the direct
standard contains multiple methods for some elements. The
responsibility of Subcommittee E01.01 on Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys.
user must select the proper method by matching the informa-
Current edition approved March 1, 2021. Published April 2021. Originally
tion given in the Scope and Interference sections of each
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E354 – 14. DOI:
10.1520/E0354-21E01. method with the composition of the alloy to be analyzed.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E354 − 21
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1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded 2.2 Other Document:
as standard. ISO 5725 Precision of Test Methods—Determination of Re-
peatability and Reproducibility for Inter-Laboratory Tests
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It i
...