ASTM D2911-94(2005)

Standard Specification for Dimensions and Tolerances for Plastic Bottles

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the thread configuration and dimensions for finishes for plastic bottles with screw-type closures. The bottle overflow and body dimensional tolerances are detailed. The test apparatus for determining bottle capacity consists of a balance, pipet, graduated cylinder, beaker, conditioned water, and stop watch. In addition, the test apparatus for determining finish and body dimensions includes micrometers, Vernier height gages or Vernier calipers, internal micrometers or telescoping gages, and commercial scale. The test methods discussed are for the determination of bottle capacity, body dimensions, and finish dimensions.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the thread configuration and dimensions for finishes for plastic bottles with screw-type closures, having a maximum capacity of 18.9 L (5 gal) and a maximum bottle dimension of 305 mm (12 in.). Included are tolerances for bottle capacity and body dimensions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2005
• ICS: 55.100 - Bottles. Pots. Jars
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.19 - Film, Sheeting, and Molded Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2911-94(2001) - Standard Specification for Dimensions and Tolerances for Plastic Bottles
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM D2911-10 - Standard Specification for Dimensions and Tolerances for Plastic Bottles
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5419-21 - Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress Crack Resistance (ESCR) of Threaded Plastic Closures
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2005

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2911 – 94 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Specification for
Dimensions and Tolerances for Plastic Bottles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2911; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.4 bottle width—the larger dimension in a plane parallel
to the bottle base.
1.1 This specification covers the thread configuration and
dimensions for finishes for plastic bottles with screw-type
4. Dimensions and Recommended Variations
closures, having a maximum capacity of 18.9 L (5 gal) and a
4.1 Recommended Variations in Overflow Capacity—In
maximum bottle dimension of 305 mm (12 in.). Included are
overflowcapacityrecommendedvariationsofplasticbottlesup
tolerances for bottle capacity and body dimensions.
to 18.9 L (5 gal) in size shall be in accordance with Table 1.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4.2 Recommended Variations in Body Dimensions—The
standard.
recommended variations in the body dimensions of plastic
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
bottlescoveredbythisspecificationshallbeinaccordancewith
test methods portion, Section 8 of this specification. This
Table 2.
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
4.3 Finish Dimensions and Design—The bottle finish di-
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
mensions and design for the nine finishes covered by this
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
specification shall be in accordance with Figs. 1-8 and Tables
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
3-10.
tions prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. 5. Sampling
5.1 A batch or lot shall be considered as a unit of manufac-
2. Referenced Documents
ture.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 Unless otherwise agreed upon between manufacturer
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
and purchaser, the material shall be sampled in accordance
D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
with the procedure described in Section 9 of Practice D1898.
Adequate statistical sampling prior to packaging shall be
3. Terminology
considered an acceptable alternative.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 bottle finish—the configuration of the neck or opening 6. Conditioning
of the bottle which serves to engage specific parts of the
6.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 23 6
closure in order to securely attach it to the bottle.
2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) and 50 6 5% relative humidity for not less
3.1.2 bottle height—the maximum dimension of a bottle in
than 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of
a plane perpendicular to the bottle base when the bottle is
Practice D618 for those tests where conditioning is required. In
setting in its normal upright position.
cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be 6 1°C (61.8°F)
3.1.3 bottle thickness—the smaller dimension in a plane
and 62 % relative humidity.
parallel to the bottle base.
6.2 Test Conditions—Conduct tests in the standard labora-
tory atmosphere of 23 6 2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) and 50 6 5%
relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test meth-
ods or in this specification. In cases of disagreement, the
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film and
tolerances shall be 61°C (61.8°F) and 62 % relative humid-
Sheeting.
ity.
Current edition approved July 1, 2005. Published August 2005. Originally
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D2911 - 94 (2001).
7. Apparatus
DOI: 10.1520/D2911-94R05.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
7.1 For Determining Bottle Capacity:
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.1.1 Balance, having an accuracy of 60.1 % or better at
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
rated capacity (full scale).
the ASTM website.
Withdrawn. 7.1.2 Pipet, Graduated Cylinder, and Beaker, as required.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2911 – 94 (2005)
TABLE 1 Bottle Overflow Capacity Tolerances for Plastic Bottles
Fluid Ounces Millilitres
Bottle Overflow Capacity Tolerance (6) Bottle Overflow Capacity Tolerance (6)
less than 0.75 0.05 less than 22 1.5
0.75 and less than 1.2 0.07 22 and less than 35 2.0
1.2 and less than 1.6 0.08 35 and less than 47 2.5
1.6 and less than 2.1 0.10 47 and less than 62 3.0
2.1 and less than 2.8 0.12 62 and less than 83 3.5
2.8 and less than 3.9 0.14 83 and less than 115 4
3.9 and less than 5.4 0.17 115 and less than 159 5
5.4 and less than 7.4 0.20 159 and less than 218 6
7.4 and less than 9.8 0.24 218 and less than 289 7
9.8 and less than 13 0.30 289 and less than 384 9
13 and less than 18 0.37 384 and less than 531 11
18 and less than 26 0.44 531 and less than 767 13
26 and less than 37 0.51 767 and less than 1092 15
37 and less than 51 0.68 1092 and less than 1505 20
51 and less than 72 0.81 1505 and less than 2125 24
72 and less than 98 1.01 2125 and less than 2892 30
98 and less than 119 1.30 2892 and less than 3512 38
119 and less than 139 1.50 3512 and less than 4103 44
139 and less than 160 1.80 4103 and less than 4723 53
160 and less than 180 2.00 4723 and less than 5313 59
180 and less than 210 2.20 5313 and less than 6199 65
210 to 5 gallons 1 % of capacity 6199 to 18.89 litres 1 % of capacity
TABLE 2 Body Dimensional Tolerance
Range of Specific Dimensions Height Dimensions Width and Depth Dimensions
in. mm in. mm in. mm
0 up to but not including 1 0 to 25.40 0.030 0.76 0.030 0.76
1 up to but not including 2 25.40 to 50.80 0.030 0.76 0.050 1.27
2 up to but not including 4 50.80 to 101.60 0.050 1.27 0.060 1.52
4 up to but not including 6 101.60 to 152.40 0.050 1.27 0.080 2.03
6 up to but not including 8 152.40 to 203.20 0.060 1.52 0.090 2.29
8 up to but not including 10 203.20 to 254.00 0.060 1.52 0.110 2.79
10 up to but not including 12 254.00 to 304.80 0.080 2.03 0.120 3.05
12 up to but not including 15 304.80 to 381.00 0.090 2.29 0.150 3.81
15 up to but not including 18 381.00 to 457.20 0.110 2.79 0.150 3.81
7.1.3 Conditioned water at 23 6 2.0°C (73.46 3.6°F) 8.1.3 If the time exceeds 2 min, discard the sample and start
containingawettingagentsufficienttoflattenthemeniscusand over.
eliminate air bubbles.
NOTE 3—The capacity of the container is somewhat time-dependent in
NOTE 2—Any liquid detergent may be used as the wetting agent. that the force of the water in the container will cause the container sides
to bulge with time and additional water will be needed to adjust to
7.1.4 Stop Watch.
overflow capacity.
7.2 For Determining Finish and Body Dimensions:
8.1.4 Weigh the filled bottle and record the weight in grams.
7.2.1 Micrometers, Vernier Height Gages, or Vernier Cali-
pers with an accuracy of 60.025 mm (60.001 in.). 8.1.5 Calculate the bottle volume as follows:
7.2.2 Internal Micrometers or Telescoping Gages with an
B ~mL! 5 ~B 2 B !/0.997
v f e
accuracy of 60.025 mm (60.001 in.).
7.2.3 Commercial Scale, good quality calibrated in 1-mm or
where:
⁄32-in. increments.
B = volume of bottle, mL,
v
B = weight of filled bottle, g,
f
8. Test Methods
B = weight of empty bottle, g, and
e
8.1 Bottle Capacity:
0.997 = weight of water (g/mL) at 23 6 2.0°C (73.4 6
8.1.1 Weigh the empty bottle and record the weight in
3.6°F).
grams.
B ~fluid oz! 5 ~B 2 B !/29.50
v f e
8.1.2 Fill the bottle to overflow capacity with conditioned
water containing the wetting agent, adjusting the meniscus by
where: 29.50 = weight of water (g/fluid oz) at 23 6 2.0°C
use of a pipet, if necessary, until the meniscus is tangent to the
(73.4 6 3.6°F).
top of the finish surface. No more than 2 min shall be allowed
forfillingthebottleandnoadditionalwatershallbeaddedafter 8.1.6 Determine the volume in millilitres (fluid ounces) for
the bottle is filled to overflow and free of air bubbles. each test specimen.
D2911 – 94 (2005)
“L” Style “M” Style
All-Purpose Thread Modified Buttress Thread
(Plastic or Metal Closures) (Plastic Closures)
Threads/in. ab c Threads/in. ab c
5 in. 0.120 0.060 0.051 5 in. 0.120 0.060 0.049
mm 3.05 1.52 1.30 mm 3.05 1.52 1.24
6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.040 6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.039
mm 2.39 1.19 1.02 mm 2.39 1.19 0.99
8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.036 8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.035
mm 2.13 1.07 0.91 mm 2.13 1.07 0.89
Example Thread Nomenclature
“L” Style: L28SP400
“M” Style: M28SP400
NOTE 1—T and E dimensions are the average of two measurements across the major and minor axis. The limits of ovality will be determined by the
container supplier and container customer, as necessary.
NOTE 2—Dimension H is measured from the top of the finish to the point where diameter T, extended parallel to the centerline, intersects the bead
or shoulder.
NOTE 3—Contour of bead, undercut or shoulder is optional.
NOTE 4—Unless otherwise specified, I min applies to the full length of the opening.
NOTE 5—Concentricity of I min with respect to diameters T and E is not included. I min is specified for filler tube only.
NOTE 6—A minimum of 1 full turn of thread shall be maintained.
NOTE 7—Corresponding dimensions and finish details are shown in Table 3.
NOTE 8—Consideration must be given to the sealing surface width for the sealing system being used.
NOTE 9—Many child resistant closures, etc.
FIG. 1 SP 400 Finish Thread Cross Sections
D2911 – 94 (2005)
“L” Style “M” Style
All-Purpose Thread Modified Buttress Thread
(Plastic or Metal Closures) (Plastic Closures)
Threads/in. ab c Threads/in. ab c
6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.040 6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.039
mm 2.39 1.19 1.02 mm 2.39 1.19 0.99
8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.036 8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.035
mm 2.13 1.07 0.91 mm 2.13 1.07 0.89
Example Thread Nomenclature:
“L” Style: L22SP410
“M” Style: M22SP410
NOTE 1—Construction of neck from B to D must be held within the shaded area shown.
NOTE 2—A minimum of 1 ⁄2 turns of thread shall be maintained.
NOTE 3—Unless otherwise specified, I min applies to the full length of the opening.
NOTE 4—Concentricity of I min with respect to diameters T and E is not included. I min is specified for filler tube only.
NOTE 5—T and E dimensions are the average of two measurements across the major and minor axis. The limits of ovality will be determined by the
container supplier and container customer, as necessary.
NOTE 6—Consideration must be given to the sealing surface width for the sealing system being used.
NOTE 7—When valve style closures are used with this finish, special consideration must be given to a specific controlled inside diameter. In addition,
dimensions indicated with asterisk (*) may be varied to ensure adequate material for finishing the inside diameter.
NOTE 8—Corresponding dimensions and details shown in Table 4.
FIG. 2 SP 410 Finish Thread Cross Sections
and the height must be measured from the top of the finish, and a
8.1.7 Report the arithmetic average volume of the speci-
commercial scale is used, one method is to place the bottle on a flat
mens tested as the bottle capacity of the batch or lot from
surface and a straightedge across the top of the bottle finish.Then measure
which the samples were chosen.
the perpendicular distance between the straightedge and the surface upon
8.2 Body Dimensions:
which the bottle is setting. Four measurements should be made, each 90°
8.2.1 Using a suitable micrometer, a vernier height gage, or
apart and the maximum used as the bottle height.
a scale, measure the height of the bottle.
NOTE 4—If the top of the finish is parallel to the base of the container
D2911 – 94 (2005)
“L” Style “M” Style
All-Purpose Thread Modified Buttress Thread
(Plastic or Metal Closures) (Plastic Closures)
Threads/in. ab c d f Threads/in. ab c d f
6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.040 0.020 0.020 6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.039 0.030 0.030
mm 2.39 1.19 1.02 0.51 0.51 mm 2.39 1.19 0.99 0.76 0.76
8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.036 0.020 0.020 8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.035 0.030 0.030
mm 2.13 1.07 0.91 0.51 0.51 mm 2.13 1.07 0.89 0.76 0.76
12 in. 0.045 0.030 0.011 0.015 0.005 12 in. 0.051 0.030 0.016 0.020 0.008
mm 1.14 0.76 0.28 0.38 0.13 mm 1.29 0.76 0.41 0.51 0.22
Example Thread Nomenclature:
“L” Style: L22SP415
“M” Style: M22SP415
NOTE 1—Construction of neck from B to D must be held within the shaded area shown.
NOTE 2—A minimum of 2 turns of thread shall be maintained.
NOTE 3—Unless otherwise specified, I min applies to the full length of the opening.
NOTE 4—Concentricity of I min with respect to diameters T and E is not included. I min is specified for filler tube only.
NOTE 5—T and E dimensions are the average of two measurements across the major and minor axis. The limits of ovality will be determined by the
container supplier and container customer, as necessary.
NOTE 6—Consideration must be given to the sealing surface width for the sealing system being used.
NOTE 7—When valve style closures are used with this finish, special consideration must be given to a specific controlled inside diameter. In addition,
dimensions indicated with asterisk (*) may be varied to ensure adequate material for finishing the inside diameter.
NOTE 8—Corresponding dimensions and finish details are shown in Table 5.
FIG. 3 SP 415 Finish Thread Cross Sections
NOTE 5—If, because of the shape of the container, there is some
8.2.2 Using a suitable micrometer or vernier caliper, mea-
question about where the measurements should be taken, the agreement
sure the width and thickness of the bottle.
should be reached between the purchaser and the seller.
8.2.2.1 In the case of a rectangular container, use the
midpoints of the sides as the measuring points.
8.3 Finish Dimensions—Using suitable micrometers, ver-
8.2.2.2 For a cylindrical container, make one measurement
nier calipers, or telescoping gages, measure the finish dimen-
on the parting line and another measurement 90° from the
sions of the bottle.
parting line. Use the average of these two measurements as the
container width.
D2911 – 94 (2005)
NOTE 1—Contour of bead, undercut, or shoulder is optional.
“L” Style “M” Style
All-Purpose Thread (Plastic or Metal Closures) Modified Buttress Thread (Plastic Closures)
Threads/in. ab Threads/in. ab c
12 in. 0.045 0.030 12 in. 0.051 0.030 0.016
mm 1.14 0.76 mm 1.29 0.76 0.41
12 in. 0.045 0.030
...