ASTM A249/A249M-24

Standard Specification for Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and Condenser Tubes

ABSTRACT
This guide specifies standard specification for nominal-wall-thickness welded tubes and heavily cold worked welded tubes made from the austenitic steels with various grades intended for such use as a boiler, superheater, heat exchanger, or condenser tubes. Heat and product analysis shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorous, sulfur, silicon, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, nitrogen, copper, and others. All materials shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition in accordance with the required solution temperature and quenching method. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, the number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shall be determined from the prescribed size of the tubes. The material shall conform to the prescribed tensile and hardness properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and Rockwell hardness number. The steel shall undergo mechanical tests such as tension test, flattening test, flange test, reverse-bend test, hardness test, and hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test. The grain size of different grades of steel shall be determined in accordance with the test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers nominal-wall-thickness welded tubes and heavily cold worked welded tubes made from the austenitic steels listed in Table 1, with various grades intended for such use as boiler, superheater, heat exchanger, or condenser tubes.  
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications of Grades TP304, TP309S, TP309Cb, TP310S, TP310Cb, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for high-temperature service such as for superheaters and reheaters.  
1.3 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this specification are 1/8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter to 12 in. [304.8 mm] in outside diameter and 0.015 to 0.320 in. [0.4 to 8.1 mm], inclusive, in wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification.  
1.4 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1/8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 in. [0.4 mm] in thickness.  
1.5 Optional supplementary requirements are provided and, when one or more of these are desired, each shall be so stated in the order.  
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.  
1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method described in the Supplementary Requirements of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific warning statement is given in Supplementary Requirement S7, Note S7.1.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 29-Feb-2024
• ICS: 23.040.10 - Iron and steel pipes
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.10 - Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A249/A249M-18a(2023) - Standard Specification for Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and Condenser Tubes
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM E2821-20 - Standard Specification for Compacted Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Cable Used in Industrial Resistance Thermometers
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM A1012-10(2021) - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Ferritic, Austenitic and Duplex Alloy Steel Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM F1387-23 - Standard Specification for Performance of Piping and Tubing Mechanically Attached Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM A1098/A1098M-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Welded Austenitic, Ferritic, Martensitic and Duplex Stainless Steel Boiler, Superheater, Condenser, and Heat Exchanger Tubes with Textured Surface(s)
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM A1016/A1016M-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Tubes
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM E2181/E2181M-19 - Standard Specification for Compacted Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed, Noble Metal Thermocouples and Thermocouple Cable
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM F1155-10(2019) - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Piping System Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM B674-21 - Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum and Iron-Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper Welded Tube
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM E585/E585M-23 - Standard Specification for Compacted Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed, Base Metal Thermocouple Cable
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024

Overview

ASTM A249/A249M-24 is the internationally recognized standard specification for welded austenitic steel tubes, designed specifically for use as boiler tubes, superheater tubes, heat-exchanger tubes, and condenser tubes in critical applications. Issued by ASTM International, this standard provides comprehensive requirements for both nominal-wall-thickness and heavily cold worked welded tubes manufactured from various grades of austenitic stainless steel. The specification covers chemical composition, mechanical properties, heat treatment, dimensional tolerances, and essential mechanical tests to ensure product reliability and performance in high-temperature and corrosive environments.

Compliance with ASTM A249/A249M-24 is essential for manufacturers, suppliers, and engineering teams involved in project specification, procurement, and fabrication of stainless steel tubular products for heat-transfer applications. The standard is widely referenced in the power generation, petrochemical, and process industries.

Key Topics

• Grades Covered: Includes several UNS-designated austenitic stainless steel grades such as TP304, TP304L, TP316, TP347, and high-temperature service modifications like TP304H, TP309H, and TP310H.

• Tubes Dimensions: Covers tubes with inside diameters from 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) to 12 in. (304.8 mm), and wall thicknesses from 0.015 in. (0.4 mm) to 0.320 in. (8.1 mm), with the possibility for other dimensions by agreement.

• Chemical Composition: Sets precise limits on carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, and other alloying elements to ensure corrosion resistance and suitability for high-temperature operation.

• Manufacturing Processes: Tubes are made by automatic welding without filler metal, followed by cold working (for HCW tubes) and controlled heat treatment.

• Mechanical Properties: Specifies minimum tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and hardness values for each grade. Vickers hardness testing may be allowed for small diameter or thin wall tubes.

• Testing Requirements: Includes rigorous mechanical and corrosion tests:

  • Tension test
  • Flattening and flange tests
  • Reverse-bend and hardness tests
  • Hydrostatic or nondestructive electric tests
  • Grain size assessments for certain grades

• Supplementary Requirements: Optional provisions such as stress-relieved annealed tubes, intergranular corrosion testing, pneumatic testing, and special weld decay tests are available when requested.

Applications

ASTM A249/A249M-24 welded austenitic stainless steel tubes are vital for transferring heat in environments with high pressure, high temperature, or corrosive conditions. Common application areas include:

• Boilers: Efficient conveyance of steam and hot fluids in power plants.
• Superheaters and Reheaters: Withstand high temperatures and pressure variation.
• Heat Exchangers: Critical in refining, chemical processing, and pharmaceutical industries for precise heat transfer.
• Condensers: Reliable performance in electricity generation and desalination plants.
• Other Industrial Uses: Suitable for any installation requiring robust, corrosion-resistant piping for heat exchange.

The material’s superior mechanical properties, consistent quality controls, and specific heat treatments make it preferable for projects where safety, durability, and longer service life are non-negotiable.

Related Standards

For manufacturers and users referring to ASTM A249/A249M-24, the following related standards are frequently used in conjunction:

• ASTM A1016/A1016M – General requirements for ferritic alloy, austenitic alloy, and stainless steel tubes.
• ASTM A480/A480M – General requirements for flat-rolled stainless and heat-resisting steel plate, sheet, and strip.
• ASTM A262 – Practices for detecting susceptibility to intergranular attack in austenitic stainless steels.
• ASTM E112 – Test methods for determining average grain size.
• ASME SA-249 – Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code specification adopting ASTM A249/A249M.
• ASTM E213, E273 – Ultrasonic testing practices for metal pipe and weld zones.
• SAE J1086 – Numbering metals and alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS).

Adherence to ASTM A249/A249M-24 and related standards ensures reliability, safety, and interoperability in global industrial projects demanding top-tier welded austenitic stainless steel tubing.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A249/A249M − 24 Used in USDOE-NE Standards
Standard Specification for
Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-
Exchanger, and Condenser Tubes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A249/A249M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
2 designation of this specification is specified in the order.
1.1 This specification covers nominal-wall-thickness
1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
welded tubes and heavily cold worked welded tubes made from
test method described in the Supplementary Requirements of
the austenitic steels listed in Table 1, with various grades
this specification. This standard does not purport to address all
intended for such use as boiler, superheater, heat exchanger, or
of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
condenser tubes.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H,
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A
modifications of Grades TP304, TP309S, TP309Cb, TP310S,
specific warning statement is given in Supplementary Require-
TP310Cb, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended
ment S7, Note S7.1.
for high-temperature service such as for superheaters and
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
reheaters.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.3 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
this specification are ⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter to 12 in.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
[304.8 mm] in outside diameter and 0.015 to 0.320 in. [0.4 to
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
8.1 mm], inclusive, in wall thickness. Tubing having other
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply
2. Referenced Documents
with all other requirements of this specification.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.4 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
tubing smaller than ⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
in. [0.4 mm] in thickness.
A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for
1.5 Optional supplementary requirements are provided and,
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
when one or more of these are desired, each shall be so stated
Sheet, and Strip
in the order.
A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
Steel Tubes
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
E213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe and
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
Tubing
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
E273 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of
Welded Pipe and Tubing
1 E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Unified Numbering System (UNS)
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved March 1, 2024. Published April 2024. Originally
approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as A249/A249M – 18a For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
(2023). DOI: 10.1520/A0249_A0249M-24. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-249 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A249/A249M − 24
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements, %
Composition, %
C
Grade UNS Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Nitrogen Copper Other
B
Designation
TP 201 S20100 0.15 5.50–7.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 3.5–5.5 . 0.25 . .
TP 201LN S20153 0.03 6.4–7.5 0.045 0.015 0.75 16.0–17.5 4.0–5.0 . 0.10–0.25 1.00 .
TP 202 S20200 0.15 7.5–10.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 4.0–6.0 . 0.25 . .
G
TPXM-19 S20910 0.06 4.0–6.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 20.5–23.5 11.5–13.5 1.50–3.00 0.20–0.40 . Nb
0.10–0.30
V
0.10–0.30
TPXM-29 S24000 0.08 11.5–14.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 2.3–3.7 . 0.20–0.40 . .
TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 . . . .
D
TP304L S30403 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–12.0 . . . .
TP304H S30409 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 . . . .
... S30415 0.04–0.06 0.80 0.045 0.030 1.00–2.00 18.0–19.0 9.0–10. ... 0.12–0.18 ... Ce
0.03–0.08
... S30416 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.015 0.80–2.00 17.5–19.5 9.0–11.0 0.40–0.80 0.10 ... ...
TP304N S30451 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 . 0.10–0.16 . .
D
TP304LN S30453 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 . 0.10–0.16 . .
TP305 S30500 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 11.0–13.0 . . . .
... S30615 0.16–0.24 2.00 0.030 0.030 3.2–4.0 17.0–19.5 13.5–16.0 ... ... ... ...
... S30815 0.05–0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.40–2.00 20.0–22.0 10.0–12.0 ... 0.14–0.20 ... Ce
0.03–0.08
TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–15.0 . . . .
TP309H S30909 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–15.0 . . . .
Composition, %
C
Grade UNS Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Nitrogen Copper Other
B
Designation
... S30601 0.015 0.50–0.80 0.030 0.013 5.0–5.6 17.0–18.0 17.0–18.0 0.20 0.05 0.35 ...
TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–16.0 . . . Nb 10x
C-1.10
TP309HCb S30941 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–16.0 . . . Nb 10x
C-1.10
TP310S S31008 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 . . . .
TP310H S31009 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 . . . .
TP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 18.0–22.0 . . . Nb 10x
C-1.10
TP310HCb S31041 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 . . . Nb 10x
C-1.10
... S31050 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.015 0.40 24.0–26.0 21.0–23.0 2.00–3.00 0.10–0.16 ... ...
... S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.5–20.5 17.5–18.5 6.0–6.5 0.18–0.25 0.50–1.00 ...
... S31266 0.030 2.00–4.00 0.035 0.020 1.00 23.0–25.0 21.0–24.0 5.2–6.2 0.35–0.60 1.00–2.50 W
1.50–2.50
... S31277 0.020 3.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 20.5–23.0 26.0–28.0 6.5–8.0 0.30–0.40 0.50–1.50 ...
TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 . . .
D
TP316L S31603 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 . . .
TP316H S31609 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 . . .
TP316N S31651 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–13.0 2.00–3.00 0.10–0.16 . .
D
TP316LN S31653 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–13.0 2.00–3.00 0.10–0.16 . .
S31655 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.5–21.5 8.0–9.5 0.50–1.50 0.14–0.25 1.00 .
TP317 S31700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 11.0–15.0 3.0–4.0 . . .
TP317L S31703 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 11.0–15.0 3.0–4.0 . . .
Composition, %
C
Grade UNS Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Nitrogen Copper Other
B
Designation
... S31725 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 13.5–17.5 4.0–5.0 0.20 ... ...

A249/A249M − 24
TABLE 1 Continued
... S31726 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–20.0 14.5–17.5 4.0–5.0 0.10–0.20 ... ...
... S31727 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.030 1.00 17.5–19.0 14.5–16.5 3.8–4.5 0.15–0.21 2.8–4.0 ...
... S32050 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.020 1.00 22.0–24.0 20.0–23.0 6.0–6.8 0.21–0.32 0.40 ...
... S32053 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 22.0–24.0 24.0–26.0 5.0–6.0 0.17–0.22 ... ...
TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . 0.10 . Ti 5(C+N)-
0.70
TP321H S32109 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . 0.10 . Ti 5(C+N)-
0.70
... S32615 0.07 2.00 0.045 0.030 4.80–6.00 16.5–19.5 19.0–22.0 0.30–1.50 ... 1.50–2.50 ...
... S32654 0.020 2.0–4.0 0.030 0.005 0.50 24.0–25.0 21.0–23.0 7.0–8.0 0.45–0.55 0.30–0.60 ...
... S33228 0.04–0.08 1.00 0.020 0.015 0.30 26.0–28.0 31.0–333.0 ... ... ... Nb
0.60–1.00
Ce
0.05–0.10
Al0.025
... S34565 0.030 5.0–7.0 0.030 0.010 1.00 23.0–25.0 16.0–18.0 4.0–5.0 0.40–0.60 ... Nb 0.10
TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . . . Nb 10xC-
1.10
TP347H S34709 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . . . Nb 8xC-
1.10
TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . . . (Nb+Ta)
10xC-1.10
Ta 0.10
Co 0.20
TP348H S34809 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . . . (Nb+Ta)
8xC-1.10
Ta 0.10
Co 0.20
... S35045 0.06–0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 25.0–29.0 32.0–37.0 ... ... 0.75 Al
0.15–0.60
Ti
0.15–0.60
TPXM-15 S38100 0.08 2.00 0.030 0.030 1.50–2.50 17.0–19.0 17.5–18.5 . . . .
... S38815 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.020 5.5–6.5 13.0–15.0 15.0–17.0 0.75–1.50 ... 0.75–1.50 Al 0.30
max
Alloy 20 N08020 0.070 2.00 0.045 0.035 1.00 19.0–21.0 32.0–38.0 2.00–3.00 . 3.00–4.00 Nb 8 × C
min. to
1.00 max
... N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 20.0–22.0 23.5–25.5 6.0–7.0 0.18–0.25 0.75 ...
800 N08800 0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0–23.0 30.0–35.0 . . 0.75 Al
0.15–0.60
Ti
0.15–0.60
E
Fe 39.5
min
A249/A249M − 24
TABLE 1 Continued
800H N08810 0.05–0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0–23.0 30.0–35.0 . . 0.75 Al
0.15–0.60
Ti
0.15–0.60
E
Fe 39.5
min
... N08811 0.05–0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0–23.0 30.0–35.0 ... ... 0.75 Al
F
0.25–0.60
Ti
F
0.25–0.60
E
Fe 39.5
min
... N08926 0.020 2.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 19.0–21.0 24.0–26.0 6.0–7.0 0.15–0.25 0.50–1.50 ...
... N08904 0.020 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 19.0–23.0 23.0–28.0 4.0–5.0 0.10 1.00–2.00 ...
A
Maximum, unless otherwise indicated.
B
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.
C
The method of analysis for nitrogen shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer.
D
For small diameter or thin walls, or both, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon maximum of 0.040 % is necessary in Grades TP 304L and TP 316L. Small outside diameter tubes are defined as those
less than 0.500 in. [12.7 mm] in outside diameter and light wall are those less than 0.049 in. [1.2 mm] in minimum wall thickness.
E
Iron shall be determined arithmetically by difference of 100 minus the sum of the other specified elements.
F
(Al + Ti) = 0.85 to 1.20.
G
The term Niobium (Nb) and Columbium (Cb) are alternate names for the same element.

A249/A249M − 24
2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: 6.2 A solution annealing temperature above 1950 °F [1065
Section VIII °C] may impair the resistance to intergranular corrosion after
2.3 Other Standard: subsequent exposure to sensitizing conditions in TP309HCb,
SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys TP310HCb, TP321, TP321H, TP347, TP347H, TP348, and
(UNS) TP348H. When specified by the purchaser, a lower temperature
stabilization or re-solution anneal shall be used subsequent to
3. Ordering Information
the initial high temperature solution anneal (see Supplementary
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
Requirement S4).
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
6.3 N08020 shall be supplied in the stabilization treatment
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not
condition.
limited to, the following:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
7. Chemical Composition
3.1.2 Name of material welded tubes (WLD) or heavily cold
7.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements as
worked tubes (HCW),
to chemical composition given in Table 1.
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside diameter and nominal wall thickness),
8. Product Analysis
3.1.5 Length (specific or random),
8.1 An analysis of either one length of flat-rolled stock or
3.1.6 Optional requirements (13.6),
one tube shall be made for each heat. The chemical composi-
3.1.7 Test report required (see Certification Section of
tion thus determined shall conform to the requirements given in
Specification A1016/A1016M),
Section 7.
3.1.8 Specification designation, and
3.1.9 Special requirements and any supplementary require- 8.2 A product analysis tolerance of Table A1.1 in Specifi-
cation A480/A480M shall apply. The product analysis toler-
ments selected.
3.1.9.1 If Supplementary Requirement S7 is specified, in- ance is not applicable to the carbon content for material with a
specified maximum carbon of 0.04 % or less.
clude weld decay ratio per S11.1.1.
8.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of
4. General Requirements
two additional lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes shall be
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
made. Both retests for the elements in question shall meet the
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
requirements of the specification; otherwise all remaining
Specification A1016/A1016M, unless otherwise provided
material in the heat or lot (See 13.9.1) shall be rejected or, at
herein.
the option of the producer, each length of flat-rolled stock or
tube may be individually tested for acceptance. Lengths of
5. Manufacture
flat-rolled stock or tubes that do not meet the requirements of
5.1 The welded (WLD) tubes shall be made from flat-rolled
the specification shall be rejected.
steel by an automatic welding process with no addition of filler
metal.
9. Tensile Requirements
5.1.1 Subsequent to welding and prior to final heat
9.1 The material shall conform to the tensile properties
treatment, the tubes shall be cold worked either in both weld
prescribed in Table 3.
and base metal or in weld metal only. The method of cold
working may be specified by the purchaser. When cold drawn,
10. Hardness Requirements
the purchaser may specify the minimum amount of reduction in
10.1 The tubes shall have a Rockwell hardness number not
cross-sectional area or wall thickness, or both.
exceeding the values specified in Table 3.
5.1.2 Heavily cold worked (HCW) tubes shall be made by
applying cold working of not less than 35 % reduction in both 10.2 For tubing less than 0.354 in. [9.00 mm] in inside
wall and weld to a welded tube prior to the final anneal. No diameter and for tubing less than 0.065 in. [1.65 mm] in wall
filler metal shall be used in the making of the weld. Prior to thickness, it is permissible to use the Vickers hardness test in
cold working, the weld shall be 100 % radiographically in- lieu of the Rockwell test. Tubes shall have a Vickers hardness
spected in accordance with the requirements of ASME Boiler number not exceeding the values specified in Table 3.
and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, latest
11. Reverse-Bend Test Requirement
revision, Paragraph UW 51.
11.1 A section 4 in. [100 mm] minimum in length shall be
6. Heat Treatment
split longitudinally 90° on each side of the weld. The sample
6.1 All material shall be furnished in the heat-treated
shall then be opened and bent around a mandrel with a
condition in accordance with the requirements of Table 2.
maximum thickness of four times the wall thickness, with the
mandrel parallel to the weld and against the original outside
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
surface of the tube. The weld shall be at the point of maximum
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
bend. There shall be no evidence of cracks, or of overlaps
www.asme.org.
resulting from the reduction in thickness of the weld areas by
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org. cold working. When the geometry or size of the tubing make it
A249/A249M − 24
TABLE 2 Heat Treatment Requirements
Grade UNS Number Solutioning Temperature, min or range Quenching Method
A
All grades not 1900 °F [1040 °C]
individually listed
below
B
... S30601 2010 to 2140 °F [1100 to 1170 °C]
B
... S30815 1920 °F [1050 °C]
C B
TP309HCb S30941 1900 °F [1040 °C]
B
TP310H S31009 1900 °F [1040 °C]
C B
TP310HCb S31041 1900 °F [1040 °C]
B
... S31254 2100 °F [1150 °C]
B
... S31266 2100 °F [1150 °C]
B
... S31277 2050 °F [1120 °C]
B
TP316H S31609 1900 °F [1040 °C]
B
... S31727 1975 °F [1080 °C]–
B
2155 °F [1180 °C]
B
... S32053 1975 °F [1080 °C]–
B
2155 °F [1180 °C]
C B
TP321 S32100 1900 °F [1040 °C]
C B
TP321H S32109 2000 °F [1100 °C]
B
... S32654 2100 °F [1150 °C]
B
... S33228 2050 °F [1120 °C]
B
... S34565 2050 °F [1120 °C]–
B
2140 °F [1170 °C]
C B
TP347 S34700 1900 °F [1040 °C]
C B
TP347H S34709 2000 °F [1100 °C]
C B
TP348 S34800 1900 °F [1040 °C]
C B
TP348H S34809 2000 °F [1100 °C]
D
... S35045 2000 °F [1100 °C]
B
... S38815 1950 °F [1065 °C]
B
Alloy 20 N08020 1700–1850 °F [925–1010 °C] stabilization treatment
B
... N08367 2025 °F [1110 °C]
B
800 N08800 1900 °F [1040 °C]
B
800H N08810 2050 °F [1120 °C]
B
... N08811 2100 °F [1150 °C]
B
... N08904 2000 °F [1100 °C]
B
... N08926 2010 °F [1105 °C]
A
Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other methods, at a rate sufficient to prevent reprecipitation of chromium carbides, as demonstrated by the capability of passing
Practices A262, Practice E. The manufacturer is not required to run the test unless it is specified on the purchase order (See Supplementary Requirement S6). Note that
Practices A262 requires the test to be performed on sensitized specimens in the low carbon and stabilized types and on specimens representative of the as-shipped
condition of the other types. In the case of low-carbon types containing 3 % or more molybdenum, the applicability of the sensitizing treatment prior to testing shall be a
matter for negotiation between the seller and purchaser.
B
Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other methods.
C
A solution treating temperature above 1950 °F [1065 °C] may impair resistance to intergranular corrosion after subsequent exposure to sensitizing conditions in the
indicated grades. When specified by the purchaser, a lower temperature stabilization or re-solution anneal shall be used subsequent to the higher-temperature solution
anneal prescribed in this table (See Supplementary Requirement S4).
D
Cooled in still air, or faster.
difficult to test the sample as a single piece, the sample may be 13. Mechanical Tests and Grain Size Determinations
sectioned into smaller pieces provided a minimum of 4 in. of Required
weld is subjected to reverse bending.
13.1 Tension Test—One tension test shall be made on a
NOTE
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A249/A249M − 18a (Reapproved 2023) A249/A249M − 24 Used in USDOE-NE Standards
Standard Specification for
Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-
Exchanger, and Condenser Tubes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A249/A249M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers nominal-wall-thickness welded tubes and heavily cold worked welded tubes made from the
austenitic steels listed in Table 1, with various grades intended for such use as boiler, superheater, heat exchanger, or condenser
tubes.
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications of
Grades TP304, TP309S, TP309Cb, TP310S, TP310Cb, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for high-temperature
service such as for superheaters and reheaters.
1.3 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this specification are ⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter to 12 in. [304.8
mm] in outside diameter and 0.015 to 0.320 in. [0.4 to 8.1 mm], inclusive, in wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions may
be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification.
1.4 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than ⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 in. [0.4 mm]
in thickness.
1.5 Optional supplementary requirements are provided and, when one or more of these are desired, each shall be so stated in the
order.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The
inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method described in the Supplementary Requirements of this
specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific warning statement is given in Supplementary Requirement S7, Note
S7.1.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.10
on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved March 1, 2023March 1, 2024. Published March 2023April 2024. Originally approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 20182023 as
A249/A249M – 18a.A249/A249M – 18a (2023). DOI: 10.1520/A0249_A0249M-18AR23.10.1520/A0249_A0249M-24.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-249 in Section II of that Code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A249/A249M − 24
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements, %
Composition, %
C
Grade UNS Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Nitrogen Copper Other
B
Designation
TP 201 S20100 0.15 5.50–7.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 3.5–5.5 . 0.25 . .
TP 201LN S20153 0.03 6.4–7.5 0.045 0.015 0.75 16.0–17.5 4.0–5.0 . 0.10–0.25 1.00 .
TP 202 S20200 0.15 7.5–10.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 4.0–6.0 . 0.25 . .
G
TPXM-19 S20910 0.06 4.0–6.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 20.5–23.5 11.5–13.5 1.50–3.00 0.20–0.40 . Nb
0.10–0.30
V
0.10–0.30
TPXM-29 S24000 0.08 11.5–14.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 2.3–3.7 . 0.20–0.40 . .
TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 . . . .
D
TP304L S30403 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–12.0 . . . .
TP304H S30409 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 . . . .
... S30415 0.04–0.06 0.80 0.045 0.030 1.00–2.00 18.0–19.0 9.0–10. ... 0.12–0.18 ... Ce
0.03–0.08
... S30416 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.015 0.80–2.00 17.5–19.5 9.0–11.0 0.40–0.80 0.10 ... ...
TP304N S30451 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 . 0.10–0.16 . .
D
TP304LN S30453 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 . 0.10–0.16 . .
TP305 S30500 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 11.0–13.0 . . . .
... S30615 0.16–0.24 2.00 0.030 0.030 3.2–4.0 17.0–19.5 13.5–16.0 ... ... ... ...
... S30815 0.05–0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.40–2.00 20.0–22.0 10.0–12.0 ... 0.14–0.20 ... Ce
0.03–0.08
TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–15.0 . . . .
TP309H S30909 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–15.0 . . . .
Composition, %
C
Grade UNS Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Nitrogen Copper Other
B
Designation
... S30601 0.015 0.50–0.80 0.030 0.013 5.0–5.6 17.0–18.0 17.0–18.0 0.20 0.05 0.35 ...
TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–16.0 . . . Nb 10x
C-1.10
TP309HCb S30941 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–16.0 . . . Nb 10x
C-1.10
TP310S S31008 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 . . . .
TP310H S31009 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 . . . .
TP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 18.0–22.0 . . . Nb 10x
C-1.10
TP310HCb S31041 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 . . . Nb 10x
C-1.10
... S31050 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.015 0.40 24.0–26.0 21.0–23.0 2.00–3.00 0.10–0.16 ... ...
... S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.5–20.5 17.5–18.5 6.0–6.5 0.18–0.25 0.50–1.00 ...
... S31266 0.030 2.00–4.00 0.035 0.020 1.00 23.0–25.0 21.0–24.0 5.2–6.2 0.35–0.60 1.00–2.50 W
1.50–2.50
... S31277 0.020 3.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 20.5–23.0 26.0–28.0 6.5–8.0 0.30–0.40 0.50–1.50 ...
TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 . . .
D
TP316L S31603 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 . . .
TP316H S31609 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 . . .
TP316N S31651 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–13.0 2.00–3.00 0.10–0.16 . .
D
TP316LN S31653 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–13.0 2.00–3.00 0.10–0.16 . .
S31655 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.5–21.5 8.0–9.5 0.50–1.50 0.14–0.25 1.00 .
TP317 S31700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 11.0–15.0 3.0–4.0 . . .
TP317L S31703 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 11.0–15.0 3.0–4.0 . . .
Composition, %
C
Grade UNS Carbon Manganese Phosphorous Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Nitrogen Copper Other
B
Designation
... S31725 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 13.5–17.5 4.0–5.0 0.20 ... ...

A249/A249M − 24
TABLE 1 Continued
... S31726 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–20.0 14.5–17.5 4.0–5.0 0.10–0.20 ... ...
... S31727 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.030 1.00 17.5–19.0 14.5–16.5 3.8–4.5 0.15–0.21 2.8–4.0 ...
... S32050 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.020 1.00 22.0–24.0 20.0–23.0 6.0–6.8 0.21–0.32 0.40 ...
... S32053 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 22.0–24.0 24.0–26.0 5.0–6.0 0.17–0.22 ... ...
TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . 0.10 . Ti 5(C+N)-
0.70
TP321H S32109 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . 0.10 . Ti 5(C+N)-
0.70
... S32615 0.07 2.00 0.045 0.030 4.80–6.00 16.5–19.5 19.0–22.0 0.30–1.50 ... 1.50–2.50 ...
... S32654 0.020 2.0–4.0 0.030 0.005 0.50 24.0–25.0 21.0–23.0 7.0–8.0 0.45–0.55 0.30–0.60 ...
... S33228 0.04–0.08 1.00 0.020 0.015 0.30 26.0–28.0 31.0–333.0 ... ... ... Nb
0.60–1.00
Ce
0.05–0.10
Al0.025
... S34565 0.030 5.0–7.0 0.030 0.010 1.00 23.0–25.0 16.0–18.0 4.0–5.0 0.40–0.60 ... Nb 0.10
TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . . . Nb 10xC-
1.10
TP347H S34709 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . . . Nb 8xC-
1.10
TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . . . (Nb+Ta)
10xC-1.10
Ta 0.10
Co 0.20
TP348H S34809 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . . . (Nb+Ta)
8xC-1.10
Ta 0.10
Co 0.20
... S35045 0.06–0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 25.0–29.0 32.0–37.0 ... ... 0.75 Al
0.15–0.60
Ti
0.15–0.60
TPXM-15 S38100 0.08 2.00 0.030 0.030 1.50–2.50 17.0–19.0 17.5–18.5 . . . .
... S38815 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.020 5.5–6.5 13.0–15.0 15.0–17.0 0.75–1.50 ... 0.75–1.50 Al 0.30
max
Alloy 20 N08020 0.070 2.00 0.045 0.035 1.00 19.0–21.0 32.0–38.0 2.00–3.00 . 3.00–4.00 Nb 8 × C
min. to
1.00 max
... N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 20.0–22.0 23.5–25.5 6.0–7.0 0.18–0.25 0.75 ...
800 N08800 0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0–23.0 30.0–35.0 . . 0.75 Al
0.15–0.60
Ti
0.15–0.60
E
Fe 39.5
min
A249/A249M − 24
TABLE 1 Continued
800H N08810 0.05–0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0–23.0 30.0–35.0 . . 0.75 Al
0.15–0.60
Ti
0.15–0.60
E
Fe 39.5
min
... N08811 0.05–0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0–23.0 30.0–35.0 ... ... 0.75 Al
F
0.25–0.60
Ti
F
0.25–0.60
E
Fe 39.5
min
... N08926 0.020 2.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 19.0–21.0 24.0–26.0 6.0–7.0 0.15–0.25 0.50–1.50 ...
... N08904 0.020 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 19.0–23.0 23.0–28.0 4.0–5.0 0.10 1.00–2.00 ...
A
Maximum, unless otherwise indicated.
B
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.
C
The method of analysis for nitrogen shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer.
D
For small diameter or thin walls, or both, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon maximum of 0.040 % is necessary in Grades TP 304L and TP 316L. Small outside diameter tubes are defined as those
less than 0.500 in. [12.7 mm] in outside diameter and light wall are those less than 0.049 in. [1.2 mm] in minimum wall thickness.
E
Iron shall be determined arithmetically by difference of 100 minus the sum of the other specified elements.
F
(Al + Ti) = 0.85 to 1.20.
G
The term Niobium (Nb) and Columbium (Cb) are alternate names for the same element.

A249/A249M − 24
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel
Tubes
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe and Tubing
E273 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section VIII
2.3 Other Standard:
SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
3. Ordering Information
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not limited to, the following:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material welded tubes (WLD) or heavily cold worked tubes (HCW),
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside diameter and nominal wall thickness),
3.1.5 Length (specific or random),
3.1.6 Optional requirements (13.6),
3.1.7 Test report required (see Certification Section of Specification A1016/A1016M),
3.1.8 Specification designation, and
3.1.9 Special requirements and any supplementary requirements selected.
3.1.9.1 If Supplementary Requirement S7 is specified, include weld decay ratio per S11.1.1.
4. General Requirements
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification
A1016/A1016M, unless otherwise provided herein.
5. Manufacture
5.1 The welded (WLD) tubes shall be made from flat-rolled steel by an automatic welding process with no addition of filler metal.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
A249/A249M − 24
5.1.1 Subsequent to welding and prior to final heat treatment, the tubes shall be cold worked either in both weld and base metal
or in weld metal only. The method of cold working may be specified by the purchaser. When cold drawn, the purchaser may specify
the minimum amount of reduction in cross-sectional area or wall thickness, or both.
5.1.2 Heavily cold worked (HCW) tubes shall be made by applying cold working of not less than 35 % reduction in both wall and
weld to a welded tube prior to the final anneal. No filler metal shall be used in the making of the weld. Prior to cold working, the
weld shall be 100 % radiographically inspected in accordance with the requirements of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section VIII, Division 1, latest revision, Paragraph UW 51.
6. Heat Treatment
6.1 All material shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition in accordance with the requirements of Table 2.
6.2 A solution annealing temperature above 1950 °F [1065 °C] may impair the resistance to intergranular corrosion after
subsequent exposure to sensitizing conditions in TP309HCb, TP310HCb, TP321, TP321H, TP347, TP347H, TP348, and TP348H.
When specified by the purchaser, a lower temperature stabilization or re-solution anneal shall be used subsequent to the initial high
temperature solution anneal (see Supplementary Requirement S4).
6.3 N08020 shall be supplied in the stabilization treatment condition.
TABLE 2 Heat Treatment Requirements
Grade UNS Number Solutioning Temperature, min or range Quenching Method
A
All grades not 1900 °F [1040 °C]
individually listed
below
B
... S30601 2010 to 2140 °F [1100 to 1170 °C]
B
... S30815 1920 °F [1050 °C]
C B
TP309HCb S30941 1900 °F [1040 °C]
B
TP310H S31009 1900 °F [1040 °C]
C B
TP310HCb S31041 1900 °F [1040 °C]
B
... S31254 2100 °F [1150 °C]
B
... S31266 2100 °F [1150 °C]
B
... S31277 2050 °F [1120 °C]
B
TP316H S31609 1900 °F [1040 °C]
B
... S31727 1975 °F [1080 °C]–
B
2155 °F [1180 °C]
B
... S32053 1975 °F [1080 °C]–
B
2155 °F [1180 °C]
C B
TP321 S32100 1900 °F [1040 °C]
C B
TP321H S32109 2000 °F [1100 °C]
B
... S32654 2100 °F [1150 °C]
B
... S33228 2050 °F [1120 °C]
B
... S34565 2050 °F [1120 °C]–
B
2140 °F [1170 °C]
C B
TP347 S34700 1900 °F [1040 °C]
C B
TP347H S34709 2000 °F [1100 °C]
C B
TP348 S34800 1900 °F [1040 °C]
C B
TP348H S34809 2000 °F [1100 °C]
D
... S35045 2000 °F [1100 °C]
B
... S38815 1950 °F [1065 °C]
B
Alloy 20 N08020 1700–1850 °F [925–1010 °C] stabilization treatment
B
... N08367 2025 °F [1110 °C]
B
800 N08800 1900 °F [1040 °C]
B
800H N08810 2050 °F [1120 °C]
B
... N08811 2100 °F [1150 °C]
B
... N08904 2000 °F [1100 °C]
B
... N08926 2010 °F [1105 °C]
A
Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other methods, at a rate sufficient to prevent reprecipitation of chromium carbides, as demonstrated by the capability of passing
Practices A262, Practice E. The manufacturer is not required to run the test unless it is specified on the purchase order (See Supplementary Requirement S6). Note that
Practices A262 requires the test to be performed on sensitized specimens in the low carbon and stabilized types and on specimens representative of the as-shipped
condition of the other types. In the case of low-carbon types containing 3 % or more molybdenum, the applicability of the sensitizing treatment prior to testing shall be a
matter for negotiation between the seller and purchaser.
B
Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other methods.
C
A solution treating temperature above 1950 °F [1065 °C] may impair resistance to intergranular corrosion after subsequent exposure to sensitizing conditions in the
indicated grades. When specified by the purchaser, a lower temperature stabilization or re-solution anneal shall be used subsequent to the higher-temperature solution
anneal prescribed in this table (See Supplementary Requirement S4).
D
Cooled in still air, or faster.
A249/A249M − 24
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition given in Table 1.
8. Product Analysis
8.1 An analysis of either one length of flat-rolled stock or one tube shall be made for each heat. The chemical composition thus
determined shall conform to the requirements given in Section 7.
8.2 A product analysis tolerance of Table A1.1 in Specification A480/A480M shall apply. The product analysis tolerance is not
applicable to the carbon content for material with a specified maximum carbon of 0.04 % or less.
8.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of two additional lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes shall be made. Both
retests for the elements in question shall meet the requirements of the specification; otherwise all remaining material in the heat
or lot (See 13.9.1) shall be rejected or, at the option of the producer, each length of flat-rolled stock or tube may be individually
tested for acceptance. Lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes that do not meet the requirements of the specification shall be rejected.
9. Tensile Requirements
9.1 The material shall conform to the tensile properties prescribed in Table 3.
10. Hardness Requirements
10.1 The tubes shall have a Rockwell hardness number not exceeding the values specified in Table 3.
10.2 For tubing less than 0.354 in. [9.00 mm] in inside diameter and for tubing less than 0.065 in. [1.65 mm] in wall thickness,
it is permissible to use the Vickers hardness test in lieu of the Rockwell test. Tubes shall have a Vickers hardness number not
exceeding the values specified in Table 3.
11. Reverse-Bend Test Requirement
11.1 A section 4 in. [100 mm] minimum in length shall be split longitudinally 90° on each side of the weld. The sample shall then
be opened and bent around a mandrel with a maximum thickness of four times the wall thickness, with the mandrel parallel to the
weld and against the original outside surface of the tube. The weld shall be at the point of maximum bend. There shall be no
evidence of cracks, or of overlaps resulting from the reduction in thickness of the weld areas by cold working. When the geometry
or size of the tubing make it difficult to test the sample as a single piece, the sample may be sectioned into smaller pieces provided
a minimum of 4 in. of weld is subjected to reverse bending.
NOTE 1—The reverse bend test is not applicable when the specified wall is 10 % or more of the specified outside diameter, or the wall thickness is 0.134
in. [3.4 mm] or greater, or the outside diameter size is less than 0.375 in. [9.5 mm]. Under these conditions the reverse flattening test of Spec
...