ASTM F1978-00
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Metallic Thermal Spray Coatings by Using the TaberTM Abraser
Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Metallic Thermal Spray Coatings by Using the Taber<sup>TM</sup> Abraser
SCOPE
1.1 This test method quantifies the abrasion resistance of metallic coatings produced by thermal spray processes on flat metallic surfaces. It is intended as a means of characterizing coatings used on surgical implants.
1.2 This test uses the TaberTM abraser, which generates a combination of rolling and rubbing to cause wear to the coating surface. Wear is quantified as cumulative mass loss.
1.3 This test method is limited to flat, rigid specimens that do not react significantly with water and do not undergo a phase transformation or chemical reaction between room temperature and 100oC in air.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F 1978 – 00
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Metallic Thermal Spray
1
Coatings by Using the TaberY Abraser
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1978; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope apparatus over the course of testing.
1.1 This test method quantifies the abrasion resistance of
4. Summary of Test Method
metallic coatings produced by thermal spray processes on flat
4.1 This test method uses a Tabery abraser with H-22
metallic surfaces. It is intended as a means of characterizing
2
Calibradey wheels and the 250-g mass of the abrading head
coatings used on surgical implants.
2 without added weights. Specimens are abraded repeatedly and
1.2 This test uses the Tabery abraser, which generates a
cleaned ultrasonically for a set number of rotational cycles (2
combination of rolling and rubbing to cause wear to the coating
to 100 cycles). The specimens are weighed after each cleaning,
surface. Wear is quantified as cumulative mass loss.
and the mass loss is the measure of abrasive wear to the
1.3 This test method is limited to flat, rigid specimens that
specimen.
do not react significantly with water and do not undergo a
phase transformation or chemical reaction between room
5. Significance and Use
temperature and 100°C in air.
5.1 This test method provides a means to evaluate the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
resistance to particle shedding of a thermal sprayed coating.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Such particle shedding might occur during surgical insertion of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
an implant or as the result of micromotion of the implant after
priate safety and health practices and determine the applicable
surgical insertion.
regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 This abrasion test method may be useful for quality
2. Referenced Documents control analysis of a coating, and it can be used to evaluate the
effects of processing variables, such as substrate preparation
2.1 ASTM Standards:
prior to coating, surface texture, coating technique variables, or
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
3 post-coating treatments, any of which may influence the
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
susceptibility of the coating to particle shedding.
3. Terminology 5.3 This abrasion test method is for flat plate shaped
specimens of a size sufficient that the wheels of the abrader do
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
not leave the surface of the specimen. It is not recommended,
3.1.1 abraser, n—an instrument that is designed to deter-
however, for devices with other shapes or sizes.
mine the resistance of surfaces to composite rolling and
rubbing action.
6. Apparatus
3.1.2 particle shedding, n—the loss of surface particles and
6.1 Tabery Abraser Model 5150, or equivalent.
fragments from a coating.
6.2 Two H-22 Tabery Calibradey Wheels, or equivalent,
3.1.3 thermal spray coating, n—coating produced by spray-
with abrading head of 250-g mass and no added weights.
ing melted or softened powder or wire by means of combus-
2
6.3 Tabery Vacuum Unit, made by Shop-Vacy, 7.4 amps,
tible gases, plasma, or two-wire arc.
or equivalent.
3.1.4 weight loss, n—amount of mass removed by the test
2
6.4 Tabery Wheel Refacer Model 200 .
6.5 Ultrasonic Cleaning Unit, for cleaning specimens after
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F04 on Medical
abrading.
and Surgical Materials and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6.6 Drying Oven, capable of operation at 100°C 6 2°C, for
F04.15 on Material Test Methods.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2000. Published February 2001. Originally
drying specimens.
published as F 1978 – 99. Last previous edition F 1978 – 99.
6.7 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing specimens to
2
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
an accuracy of 0.0001 g.
is Taber Industries, North Tonawanda, NY 14120 USA. If you are aware of
alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Headquarters. Your
7. Test Specimen
comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
technical committee, which you may attend.
7.1 Abrasion test specimens shall be 10-cm (4-in.) squares
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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F 1978
or 10-cm diameter circles
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