ASTM D6062-19

Standard Guide for Personal Samplers of Health-Related Aerosol Fractions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to provide the conventions adopted by the International Standards Organization (ISO 7708), the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN EN 481), and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) (1). The definition of respirable aerosol is the basis for recommended exposure levels (REL) of respirable coal mine dust as promulgated by NIOSH (Criteria for a Recommended Standard, Occupational Exposure to Respirable Coal Mine Dust (15)). The respirable aerosol definition also forms the basis of the NIOSH sampling method for respirable particulates not otherwise regulated (NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods   (16)).  
4.2 The convention can be used for those who are preparing to evaluate a workplace environment by collecting samples of aerosolized particles, or who wish to obtain an understanding of what information can be obtained by such sampling. The convention to be used is not always straightforward, but generally depends on what part of the respiratory system is affected by the aerosol particles. The conventions are often applied for approximating mass fractions, but they may also be used in the evaluation of total surface area or the number of particles in the collected material.  
4.3 The conventions constitute a part of the performance characteristics required of aerosol samplers for collecting aerosol according to the relevant health effects. This guide therefore does not specify particular samplers for measuring the aerosol fractions defined here. Detailed guidelines for evaluating any given sampler relative to the conventions are available (CEN EN 13205, six parts). Several advantages over instrument specification can be attributed to the adoption of these performance-associated conventions:  
4.3.1 The conventions have a recognized relationship to health effects.  
4.3.2 Performance criteria permit instrument designers to seek practical sampler improvements.  
4.3.3 Performance criteria promote continued ex...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide defines conventions for personal samplers of specific particle-size-dependent fractions of any given non-fibrous airborne aerosol. Such samplers are used for assessing health effects and in the setting of and testing for compliance with permissible exposure limits in the workplace and ambient environment. The conventions have been adopted by the International Standards Organization (ISO 7708), the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN EN 481), and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) (1).2 The conventions were developed (2) in part from health-effects studies reviewed (3) by the ACGIH and in part as a compromise between definitions proposed by the ACGIH (3) and by the British Medical Research Council (BMRC) (4). Conventions are given here for inhalable, thoracic, and respirable fractions.  
1.2 This guide is complementary to Test Method D4532, which describes the performance of respirable dust cyclones and operational procedures for use. The procedures, specifically the optimal flow rate, are still valid although the estimated accuracy differs somewhat from use with previous aerosol fraction definitions. Details on these instruments have been published (5-11).  
1.3 Limitations:  
1.3.1 The definitions given here were adopted by the agencies listed in 1.1 in part on the basis of expected health effects of the different size fractions, but in part allowing for available sampling equipment. The original adoption by CEN was, in fact, for the eventual setting of common standards by the EC countries while permitting the use of a variety of instrumentation. Deviations of the sampling conventions from health-related effects are as follows:
1.3.1.1 The inhalable fraction actually depends on the specific air speed and direction, on the breathing rate, and on whether breathing is by nose or mouth. The values given in the inhalable convention are for representative values of bre...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2019
• ICS: 13.040.20 - Ambient atmospheres
• Technical Committee: D22 - Air Quality
• Drafting Committee: D22.04 - Workplace Air Quality

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6062-07(2012) - Standard Guide for Personal Samplers of Health-Related Aerosol Fractions
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM D1356-20a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2020
• Refers: ASTM D1356-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2020
• Refers: ASTM D1356-15a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2015
• Refers: ASTM D1356-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2015
• Refers: ASTM D1356-14b - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Refers: ASTM D1356-14a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 01-May-2014
• Refers: ASTM D1356-14 - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2014
• Refers: ASTM D4532-10 - Standard Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace Atmospheres Using Cyclone Samplers
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Refers: ASTM D1356-05(2010) - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Refers: ASTM D1356-05 - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 01-May-2005
• Refers: ASTM D4532-97(2003) - Standard Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Refers: ASTM D1356-00a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2000
• Refers: ASTM D4532-97 - Standard Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D7035-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Metals and Metalloids in Airborne Particulate Matter by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019

Overview

ASTM D6062-19: Standard Guide for Personal Samplers of Health-Related Aerosol Fractions provides essential conventions and guidance for evaluating and selecting personal samplers for airborne, non-fibrous aerosols in occupational and ambient environments. This standard is integral to industrial hygiene and occupational health practices as it supports the assessment of workplace exposure to hazardous particles based on their health-related size fractions - inhalable, thoracic, and respirable.

These size-selective conventions help frame exposure assessments in compliance testing and health risk evaluations, with harmonization across major international organizations, including ISO (ISO 7708), CEN (EN 481), and ACGIH. ASTM D6062 does not prescribe specific instruments but sets forth criteria that performance-based aerosol sampler designs must fulfill to ensure relevance to health effect studies and regulatory requirements.

Key Topics

• Size-Selective Aerosol Sampling: Defines standard conventions for inhalable, thoracic, and respirable aerosol fractions, ensuring consistency across various sampling methodologies worldwide.
• Health Effect Relevance: Each convention targets the region of the respiratory tract most susceptible to particle deposition, crucial for understanding exposure and supporting permissible exposure limits.
• Instrument Performance: Emphasizes performance criteria rather than instrument specifications, encouraging sampler innovation and practical improvements.
• Assessment Flexibility: Recognizes variability in individual respiratory patterns and environmental conditions, providing average-case conventions that approximate real-world exposures.
• Compliance and Regulation: Supports compliance with occupational exposure limits and recommended exposure levels established by agencies such as NIOSH.
• Cross-Standard Alignment: Harmonizes with significant international standards and guidelines for air quality and aerosol sampling, promoting global comparability of exposure data.

Applications

• Workplace Air Quality Assessment: Used by industrial hygienists to collect personal samples and determine compliance with occupational health regulations relating to airborne particulates.
• Occupational Exposure Limit Setting: Provides the framework for defining sampling strategies necessary for setting and validating permissible exposure limits for diverse industries where dust, fumes, or other aerosols are present.
• Health Risk Assessment: Facilitates robust exposure characterization necessary for epidemiological studies and health-effect correlation for various inhaled aerosol types.
• Sampler Evaluation: Serves as a baseline for testing and validating the performance of personal aerosol samplers (such as cyclone samplers) in the field and laboratory.
• Standardized Reporting: Ensures that results and data from aerosol sampling are consistent, reproducible, and internationally recognized, supporting regulatory compliance and scientific research.

Related Standards

• ASTM D1356: Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
  sets definitions for terms used in aerosol sampling and analysis.
• ASTM D4532: Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace Atmospheres Using Cyclone Samplers
  offers procedures for specific sampler performance, particularly for respirable dust fractions.
• ISO 7708: Air Quality - Particle Size Fraction Definitions for Health-Related Sampling
  provides international particle size definitions for inhalable, thoracic, and respirable fractions.
• CEN EN 481: Workplace Atmospheres - Size Fraction Definitions for Measurement of Airborne Particles
  details European conventions adopted for occupational exposure monitoring.
• CEN EN 13205: Workplace Exposure - Assessment of Sampler Performance
  includes detailed methodologies for evaluating the performance of aerosol samplers.

Key Benefits

• Promotes harmonized, health-relevant air sampling practices.
• Supports global occupational health and safety regulations.
• Provides the foundation for advanced aerosol sampler development.
• Ensures accurate and comparable workplace exposure assessments.

Keywords: aerosol sampling, health-related aerosol fractions, respirable fraction, inhalable fraction, thoracic fraction, workplace exposure, personal samplers, air quality, occupational hygiene, compliance, ASTM D6062-19

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6062 − 19
Standard Guide for
Personal Samplers of Health-Related Aerosol Fractions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6062; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope inhalable convention are for representative values of breathing
rate and represent averages over all wind directions.
1.1 This guide defines conventions for personal samplers of
1.3.1.2 The respirable and thoracic fractions vary from
specific particle-size-dependent fractions of any given non-
individual to individual and with the breathing pattern. The
fibrous airborne aerosol. Such samplers are used for assessing
conventions are approximations to the average case.
health effects and in the setting of and testing for compliance
1.3.1.3 Each convention applies strictly to a fraction pen-
with permissible exposure limits in the workplace and ambient
etrating to a region, rather than depositing. Therefore, samples
environment. The conventions have been adopted by the
collected according to the conventions may only approximate
International Standards Organization (ISO 7708), the Comité
correlationswithbiologicaleffects.Forexample,therespirable
Européen de Normalisation (CEN EN 481), and the American
convention overestimates the fraction of very small particles
Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
2 deposited in the alveolar region of the respiratory system
(1). The conventions were developed (2) in part from health-
because some of the particles are actually exhaled without
effects studies reviewed (3) by the ACGIH and in part as a
being deposited (12). In many workplaces, these very small
compromise between definitions proposed by the ACGIH (3)
particles contribute insignificantly to the sampled mass.
and by the British Medical Research Council (BMRC) (4).
Furthermore, the large variability between individuals and the
Conventions are given here for inhalable, thoracic, and respi-
details of clearance may be as important as this type of effect.
rable fractions.
1.3.1.4 The thoracic convention applies to mouth breathing,
1.2 This guide is complementary to Test Method D4532,
for which aerosol collection is greater than during nose
which describes the performance of respirable dust cyclones
breathing.
and operational procedures for use. The procedures, specifi-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
cally the optimal flow rate, are still valid although the esti-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
mated accuracy differs somewhat from use with previous
standard.
aerosol fraction definitions. Details on these instruments have
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
been published (5-11).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.3 Limitations:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.3.1 The definitions given here were adopted by the agen-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
cies listed in 1.1 in part on the basis of expected health effects
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of the different size fractions, but in part allowing for available
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
sampling equipment. The original adoption by CEN was, in
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
fact, for the eventual setting of common standards by the EC
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
countries while permitting the use of a variety of instrumenta-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tion. Deviations of the sampling conventions from health-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
related effects are as follows:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.3.1.1 The inhalable fraction actually depends on the spe-
cific air speed and direction, on the breathing rate, and on
2. Referenced Documents
whether breathing is by nose or mouth.The values given in the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
Atmospheres
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on WorkplaceAir Quality.
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published June 2019. Originally
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6062 – 07 (2012). For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/D6062-19. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
this standard. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6062 − 19
D4532 Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace At- 3.2.4.2 Discussion—For protecting the sick or infirm or
mospheres Using Cyclone Samplers children, a quantity D = 2.5 µm has been suggested (ISO
R
7708). This accounts for the fact that in children and in adults
2.2 International Standards:
withcertainchestdiseases,thetracheobronchialregionismore
ISO7708 AirQuality—ParticleSizeFractionDefinitionsfor
4 effective at collecting particles of small aerodynamic diameter
Health-Related Sampling, 1995
than it is in healthy adults. The respirable convention E is
R
CEN EN 481 Standard on Workplace Atmospheres. Size
illustrated in Fig. 1. Note that 50 % of total airborne particles
Fraction Definitions for the Measurement of Airborne
with D = 4.0 µm are in the respirable fraction.
Particles, 1993
3.2.5 respirable fraction—themassfractionoftotalairborne
CEN EN 13205 Standards on Workplace Exposure. Assess-
ment of Sampler Performance for Measurement of Air- particles penetrating to the alveolar region of the respiratory
system.
borne Particle Concentration, 2014
3.2.6 sampling convention—a target specification that ap-
3. Terminology
proximates to a specific health-related fraction of aerosol of
given aerodynamic diameter. A sampling convention is speci-
3.1 Definitions:
fied in terms of the sampling efficiency E, the fraction of
3.1.1 For terms that are not defined herein, refer to Termi-
particles at given aerodynamic diameter collected by an ideal
nology D1356.
instrument.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.7 thoracicconvention,E —thetargetsamplingcurvefor
3.2.1 aerodynamic diameter, D, (µm)—the diameter of a T
3 3
instruments approximating the thoracic fraction. E is defined
T
sphere of density of 10 kg/m with the same settling velocity
(ISO 7708, CEN EN 481, and the present ACGIH Threshold
as a particle of interest.
Limit Values (1)) in terms of the cumulative normal function
3.2.2 inhalable convention, E —the target specification for
I
(14) Φ as:
sampling instruments when the inhalable fraction is the frac-
E 5 E ·Φ 1n D /D /σ (4)
@ @ # #
tion of interest. D1356
T I T T
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Specifically, E is taken (ISO 7708,
I
where the indicated constant parameters are D = 11.64
T
CEN EN 481, and the ACGIH threshold limit values (1))as
µm and σ = ln[1.5].
T
follows:
3.2.7.1 Discussion—The thoracic convention E is illus-
T
E 5 0.50 11exp 20.06 D , D,100 µm (1) trated in Fig. 1. Note that 50 % of total airborne particles with
~ @ #!
I
D = 10 µm are in the thoracic fraction.
defined in terms of aerodynamic diameter, D.
3.2.8 thoracic fraction—the mass fraction of total airborne
3.2.2.2 Discussion—The inhalable convention E is illus-
I
particles penetrating beyond the larynx.
trated in Fig. 1. Note that E → 0.50 (50 %) at large D. Eq 1
I
approximates the inhalable fraction when averaged over all
3.3 Symbols and Abbreviations:
wind directions for windspeeds v < 4 m/s. At higher wind
3.3.1 D (µm)—aerosol aerodynamic diameter.
speeds, the following convention has been tentatively sug-
3.3.2 D (µm) —respirable sampling convention parameter
R
gested as follows (13):
equalto4.25µminthecaseofhealthyadults,or2.5µmforthe
25 2.75
E 5 0.50 11exp 20.06 D 110 v exp 0.055 D , (2)
~ @ #! @ # sick or infirm or children.
I
3.3.3 D (µm) —thoracic sampling convention parameter
T
4 m/s,v,9 m/s
equal to 11.64 µm.
3.2.3 inhalable fraction—the total airborne particle mass
3.3.4 E—sampling convention in general.
fraction inhaled through the nose and mouth, that is, which
3.3.5 E —inhalable sampling convention.
enters the respiratory system. D1356
I
3.3.6 E —respirable sampling convention.
3.2.4 respirable convention, E —the target sampling curve
R
R
for instruments approximating the respirable fraction. D1356
3.3.7 E —thoracic sampling convention.
T
3.2.4.1 Discussion—E is defined (ISO 7708, CEN EN 481,
R
3.3.8 v (m/s)—wind speed.
andthepresentACGIHThresholdLimitValues (1))intermsof
3.3.9 σ —respirable sampling conventio
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6062 − 07 (Reapproved 2012) D6062 − 19
Standard Guide for
Personal Samplers of Health-Related Aerosol Fractions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6062; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide defines conventions for personal samplers of specific particle-size-dependent fractions of any given non-fibrous
airborne aerosol. Such samplers are used for assessing health effects and in the setting of and testing for compliance with
permissible exposure limits in the workplace and ambient environment. The conventions have been adopted by the International
Standards Organization (Technical Report ISO TR (ISO 7708), the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN Standard EN 481),
and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) (1). The conventions were developed (2) in part
from health-effects studies reviewed (3) by the ACGIH and in part as a compromise between definitions proposed by the ACGIH
(3) and by the British Medical Research Council (BMRC) (4). Conventions are given here for inhalable, thoracic, and respirable
fractions.
1.2 This guide is complementary to Test Method D4532, which describes the performance of a particular instrument, the 10-mm
cyclone, respirable dust cyclones and operational procedures for use. The procedures, specifically the optimal flow rate, are still
valid although the estimated accuracy differs somewhat from use with previous aerosol fraction definitions. Details on this
instrument and also the Higgins-Dewell cyclone have recently these instruments have been published (5-711).
1.3 Limitations:
1.3.1 The definitions given here were adopted by the agencies listed in 1.1 in part on the basis of expected health effects of the
different size fractions, but in part allowing for available sampling equipment. The original adoption by CEN was, in fact, for the
eventual setting of common standards by the EC countries while permitting the use of a variety of instrumentation. Deviations of
the sampling conventions from health-related effects are as follows:
1.3.1.1 The inhalable fraction actually depends on the specific air speed and direction, on the breathing rate, and on whether
breathing is by nose or mouth. The values given in the inhalable convention are for representative values of breathing rate and
represent averages over all wind directions.
1.3.1.2 The respirable and thoracic fractions vary from individual to individual and with the breathing pattern. The conventions
are approximations to the average case.
1.3.1.3 Each convention applies strictly to a fraction penetrating to a region, rather than depositing. Therefore, samples collected
according to the conventions may only approximate correlations with biological effects. For example, the respirable convention
overestimates the fraction of very small particles deposited in the alveolar region of the respiratory system because some of the
particles are actually exhaled without being deposited (812). In many workplaces, these very small particles contribute
insignificantly to the sampled mass. Furthermore, the large variability between individuals and the details of clearance may be as
important as this type of effect.
1.3.1.4 The thoracic convention applies to mouth breathing, for which aerosol collection is greater than during nose breathing.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air Quality.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012April 1, 2019. Published July 2012June 2019. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 as
D6062 – 07.D6062 – 07 (2012). DOI: 10.1520/D6062-07R12.10.1520/D6062-19.
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6062 − 19
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D4532 Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace Atmospheres Using Cyclone Samplers
2.2 International Standards:
ISO TR 7708 Technical Report on Air Quality—Particle Size Fraction Definitions for Health-Related Sampling, Brussels,
CEN EN 481 Standard on Workplace Atmospheres. Size Fraction Definitions for the Measurement of Airborne Particles in the
Workplace, Brussels, Particles, 1993
CEN EN 13205 Standards on Workplace Exposure. Assessment of Sampler Performance for Measurement of Airborne Particle
Concentration, 2014
3. Terminology
3.1 Many terms used in this guide are defined in Terminology D1356.Definitions:
3.1.1 For terms that are not defined herein, refer to Terminology D1356.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3 3
3.2.1 aerodynamic diameter, D, (μm)—the diameter of a sphere of density of 10 kg/m with the same stopping timesettling
velocity as a particle of interest.
3.2.2 inhalable convention, E —the target specification for sampling instruments when the inhalable fraction is the fraction of
I
interest. Specifically, E is taken (Technical Report ISO TR 7708, CEN Standard EN 481, and the ACGIH threshold limit values
I
(1)) as follows:
E 5 0.50 ~11exp@20.06 D#!, D,100 µm (1)
I
defined in terms of aerodynamic diameter, D. D1356
3.2.2.1 Discussion—
Specifically, E is taken (ISO 7708, CEN EN 481, and the ACGIH threshold limit values (1)) as follows:
I
E 5 0.50 11exp 20.06 D , D,100 µm (1)
~ @ #!
I
defined in terms of aerodynamic diameter, D.
3.2.2.2 Discussion—
The inhalable convention E is illustrated in Fig. 1. Note that E → 0.50 (50 %) at large D.Eq 1 approximates the inhalable fraction
I I
when averaged over all wind directions for windspeeds v < 4 m/s. At higher wind speeds, the following convention has been
tentatively suggested as follows (913):
25 2.75
E 5 0.50 ~11exp@20.06 D#!110 v exp@0.055 D#, (2)
I
4 m/s,v,9 m/s
3.2.3 inhalable fraction—the total airborne particle mass fraction inhaled through the nose and mouth, that is, which enters the
respiratory system. D1356
3.2.4 respirable convention, E —the target sampling curve for instruments approximating the respirable fraction. E is defined
R R
(Technical Report ISO TR 7708, CEN Standard EN 481, and the present ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (1)) in terms of the
cumulative normal function (10) Φ as follows:
E 5 E ·Φ@1n@D /D#/σ # (3)
R I R R
where the indicated constants are D = 4.25 μm and σ = ln[1.5]. The cumulative normal function Φ is easily approximated
R R
using the algorithm given in Appendix X1. D1356
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from International Organization for Standardization, Caisse Postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.Standardization (ISO), ISO Central Secretariat, BIBC
II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
Available from CEN Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000,
Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cen.eu.
D6062 − 19
3.2.4.1 Discussion—
E is defined (ISO 7708, CEN EN 481, and the present ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (1)) in terms of the cumulative normal
R
function (14) Φ as follows:
E 5 E ·Φ@1n@D /D#/σ # (3)
R I R R
where the indicated constants are D = 4.25 μm and σ = ln[1.5]. The cumulative normal function Φ is easily approxi-
R R
mated using the algorithm given in Appendix X1.
3.2.4.2 Discussion—
For protecting the sick or infirm or children, a quantity D = 2.5 μm has been suggested (Technical Report ISO TR (ISO 7708).
R
This accounts for the fact that in children and in adults with certain chest diseases, the tracheobronchial region is more effective
at collecting particles of small aerodynamic diameter than it is in healthy adults. The respirable convention E is illustrated in Fig.
R
1. Note that 50 % of total airborne particles with D = 4.0 μm are in the respirable fraction.
3.2.5 respirable fraction—the mass fraction of total airborne particles penetrating to the alveolar region of the respiratory
system.
3.2.6 sampling convention—a target specification that approximates to a specific health-related fraction of aerosol of given
aerodynamic diameter. A sampling convention is specified in terms of the sampling efficiency E, the fraction of particles at given
aerodynamic diameter collected by an ideal instrument.
3.2.7 thoracic convention, E —the target sampling curve for instruments approximating the thoracic fraction. E is defined
T T
(Technical Report ISO TR (ISO 7708, CEN Standard EN 481, and the present ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (1)) in terms of the
cumulative normal function (1014) Φ as:
E 5 E ·Φ 1n D /D /σ (4)
@ @ # #
T I T T
where the indicated constant parameters
...