ASTM D4092-01
(Terminology)Standard Terminology: Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
Standard Terminology: Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions and descriptions of technical terms used in dynamic mechanical property measurements on polymeric materials, including solutions, melts, and solids. Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources are either not included or sources identified.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the ASTM committee; for example, ICTA is the International Conference on Thermal Analysis and- ISO is the International Standards Organization, Specifically ISO 472: 1988 (E/F) document.
1.4 Descriptions of terms specific to dynamic mechanical measurements are identified with an italicized introductory phrase.
Note 1—This terminology is similar to ISO 6721-1 1994 in title only. The ISO document cites only 13 terms and this terminology defines 49 relevant terms.
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Designation:D4092–01
Standard Terminology for
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Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4092; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* ISO 6721-1 1994 (E) Plastics-Determination of Dynamic
Mechanical Properties, Part 1, General Principles
1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions and
descriptions of technical terms used in dynamic mechanical
3. Terminology Definitions and Descriptions
property measurements on polymeric materials, including so-
alpha (a) loss peak (in dynamic mechanical measurement)—
lutions, melts, and solids. Terms that are generally understood
or defined adequately in other readily available sources are the first peak in the damping curve below the melt, in order
of decreasing temperature or increasing frequency. (1981)
either not included or sources identified.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor- beta (b) loss peak (in dynamic mechanical measurement)—
the second peak in the damping curve below the melt, in
mation included in notes. It is reviewed every five years and
the year of the last review or revision is appended. order of decreasing temperature or increasing frequency.
(1981)
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another
standards organization orASTM committee are identified with complex modulus,E* orG*—the ratio of the stress to strain
whereeachisavectorthatmayberepresentedbyacomplex
the abbreviation of the name of the organization or theASTM
committee; for example, ICTAis the International Conference number.
on ThermalAnalysis and— ISO is the International Standards
E*= E8+ iE9
Organization, Specifically ISO 472: 1988 (E/F) document.
G*= G8+ iG9
1.4 Descriptions of terms specific to dynamic mechanical
K*= K8+ iK9
measurements are identified with an italicized introductory
where:
phrase. E* = complex modulus, measured in tension or flexure,
E8 = storage modulus, measured in tension or flexure,
NOTE 1—This terminology is similar to ISO 6721-1 1994 in title only.
E9 = loss modulus, measured in tension or flexure,
The ISO document cites only 13 terms and this terminology defines 49
G* = complex modulus, measured in shear,
relevant terms.
G8 = storage modulus, measured in shear,
G9 = loss modulus, measured in shear,
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards: K* = complex modulus, measured in compression,
K8 = storage modulus, measured in compression
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
K9 = loss modulus, measured in compression, and
2
Fluids
i= –1 , measured in compression.
=
3
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
DISCUSSION—The complex modulus may be measured in tension (
4
D2231 Practice for Rubber Properties in Forced Vibration
E*), compression (K*), flexure ( E*), or in shear (G*). (1981)
E6 Definitions of Terms Relating to Methods of Mechani-
5
cal Testing complex shear compliance, J *—the reciprocal of complex
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2.2 ISO Standards: shear modulus. (1981)
ISO 472: 1988 (E/F) Definitions
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J* 5
G*
1
complex tensile compliance, D*—the reciprocal of complex
ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties. tensile modulus. (1981)
Current edition approved September 10, 2001. Published November 2001.
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Originally published as D4092–82. Last previous edition D4092–96.
D* 5
2
E*
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
4
−1
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
compliance,C (Pa )—the quotient of strain and stress.
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
6
c 1
Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd St., 4th
C 5 5
Floor, New York, NY 10036. s M
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4092–01
mation has also been used instead of transition. When more than one
D is the tensile compliance; J is the shear compliance; B
amorphous transition occurs in a polymer, the one associated with
is the bulk compliance; O is the longitudinal compression
segmental motions of the polymer backbone chain, or accompanied by
compliance.
the largest change in properties, is usually considered to be the glass
criticaldamping(indynamicmechanicalmeasurement)—that
transition. (D20) (1981)
damping required for the borderline condition betwee
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