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ASTM B70-90(2019)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Change of Resistance With Temperature of Metallic Materials for Electrical Heating

Standard Test Method for Change of Resistance With Temperature of Metallic Materials for Electrical Heating

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 The change in resistance with temperature for heating element materials is a major design factor and may influence material selection. The measurement of this change is essential to ensure that heating elements perform as designed. This test method was designed to minimize the effect different manufacturing processes have on resistance change, thereby yielding results that are reproducible.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the change of resistance with temperature of metallic materials for electrical heating, and is applicable over the range of service temperatures.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2019
ICS
77.040.01 - Testing of metals in general
Technical Committee
B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
Drafting Committee
B02.10 - Thermostat Metals and Electrical Resistance Heating Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM B70-90(2013) - Standard Test Method for Change of Resistance With Temperature of Metallic Materials for Electrical Heating
Effective Date
01-Apr-2019
Referred By
ASTM B344-20 - Standard Specification for Drawn or Rolled Nickel-Chromium and Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys for Electrical Heating Elements
Effective Date
01-Apr-2019
Referred By
ASTM B603-07(2018) - Standard Specification for Drawn or Rolled Iron-Chromium-Aluminum Alloys for Electrical Heating Elements
Effective Date
01-Apr-2019

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ASTM B70-90(2019) - Standard Test Method for Change of Resistance With Temperature of Metallic Materials for Electrical HeatingASTM B70-90(2019) - Standard Test Method for Change of Resistance With Temperature of Metallic Materials for Electrical Heating
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ASTM B70-90(2019) - Standard Test Method for Change of Resistance With Temperature of Metallic Materials for Electrical Heating
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: B70 − 90 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
Change of Resistance With Temperature of Metallic
Materials for Electrical Heating
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B70; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope shall be welded to each end of the specimen in such a manner
that there will be no change of current distribution in the
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the change
specimen during measurements. Potential leads, one at each
of resistance with temperature of metallic materials for elec-
end, shall be attached by welding, at a distance from the
trical heating, and is applicable over the range of service
corresponding current lead not less than one tenth of the length
temperatures.
of the specimen between the potential leads.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2 When the resistance is to be measured with a Wheat-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
stone bridge, only the current leads are required.The resistance
standard.
of the leads in this case shall not exceed 1 % of the resistance
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of the specimen, and the leads shall be made of the same type
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of alloy as the test specimen. For both methods of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
measurement, the leads shall have a length within the heated
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
zone of the furnace of at least 50 times their minimum
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
transverse dimension, in order to avoid disturbance of the
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
temperature of the specimen by conduction of heat to the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
colder parts of the furnace.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. Electric Furnace
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 The furnace for heating the specimen shall be of such a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
type that the temperature can be controlled over the range from
room temperature to the maximum desired. It shall be so
2. Significance and Use
constructed that the specimens and the thermocouples can be
2.1 The change in resistance with temperature for heating
maintained at a uniform and constant temperature at desired
element materials is a major design factor and may influence
points within the working range. The specimen and thermo-
material selection. The measurement of this change is essential
couples shall be so shielded as to prevent direct radiation from
to ensure that heating elements perform as designed. This test
hotter, or to colder, parts of the furnace.
method was designed to minimize the effect different manu-
4.2 In order to test the uniformity of the temperature in the
facturingprocesseshaveonresistancechange,therebyyielding
region to be occupied by the test specimen, a typical specimen
results that are reproducible.
and thermocouple shall be prepared and mounted in the center
of this region.The furnace shall then be heated to its maximum
3. Test Specimen and Leads
temperature and maintained at this temperature until equilib-
3.1 Thetestspecimenshallbepreparedfrommaterialasleft
rium is reached. The specimen shall then be moved in the
by the manufacturing process, and in a form suitable for
furnace in the direction of the maximum temperature gradient
measuring its resistance in an electric furnace. When the
through a distance equal to the maximum dimension of the
resistance is to be measured with a Kelvin bridge,
largest specimen and thermocouple assembly which is to be
potentiometer, digital ohmmeter, or equivalent, a current lead
usedinthisfurnace.Thetemperatureofthetypicalspecimenin
this position shall not differ from that in the normal position by
1 more than 10 °C.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B02.10 on Thermostat Metals and Electrical Resistance Heating Materials. 5. Resistance Measurements
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published April 2019. Originally
5.1 A Kelvin bridge, potentiometer, digital ohmmeter, or
approved in 1927. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as B70 – 90 (2013). DOI:
10.1520/B0070-90R19. equivalent shall be used when measuring specimens having
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B70 − 90 (2019)
resistances less than 10Ω. A Wheatstone bridge may be used 7. Procedure
with specimens having resistances greater than 10 Ω. The
7.1 Mount the test specimen in the furnace, bring the
resistance of the specimen shall be measured with an accuracy
temperature of the furnace to the maximum specified temp
...

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