ASTM D5418-15

Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Flexure (Dual Cantilever Beam)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic compositions using a very small amount of material. Since small test specimen geometries are used, it is essential that the specimens be representative of the material being tested. The data obtained can be used for quality control and/or research and development purposes. For some classes of materials, such as thermosets, it can also be used to establish optimum processing conditions.  
5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive means for determining thermomechanical characteristics by measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of frequency, temperature, or time. Plots of moduli and tan delta of a material versus these variables can be used to provide a graphic representation indicative of functional properties, effectiveness of cure (thermosetting-resin systems), and damping behavior under specified conditions.  
5.3 This test method can be used to assess the following:  
5.3.1 The modulus as a function of temperature or aging, or both,  
5.3.2 The modulus as a function of frequency,  
5.3.3 The effects of processing treatment, including orientation, induced stress, and degradation of physical and chemical structure,  
5.3.4 Relative resin behavioral properties, including cure and damping,  
5.3.5 The effects of substrate types and orientation (fabrication) on elastic modulus,  
5.3.6 The effects of formulation additives that might affect processability or performance,  
5.3.7 The effects of annealing on modulus and glass transition temperature,  
5.3.8 The effect of aspect ratio on the modulus of fiber reinforcements, and  
5.3.9 The effect of fillers, additives on modulus and glass transition temperature.  
5.4 Before proceeding with this test method, refer to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relev...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method outlines the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for determining and reporting the viscoelastic properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and composite systems in the form of rectangular bars molded directly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The elastic modulus data generated may be used to identify the thermomechanical properties of a plastics material or composition.  
1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for determining the viscoelastic properties of a wide variety of plastics using nonresonant, forced-vibration techniques as outlined in Practice D4065. In particular, this method identifies the procedures used to measure properties using what is known as a dual-cantilever beam flexure arrangement. Plots of the elastic (storage) modulus, loss (viscous) modulus, and complex modulus, and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material systems.  
1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.  
1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differences from results observed in another study can usually be reconciled, without changing the observed data, by reporting in full (as described in this test method) the conditions under which the data were obtained.  
1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is ...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2015
• ICS: 83.140.01 - Rubber and plastics products in general
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.10 - Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D5418-07 - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Flexure (Dual Cantilever Beam)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2015
• Replaced By: ASTM D5418-23 - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Flexure (Dual Cantilever Beam)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2023
• Refers: ASTM D618-08 - Standard Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Refers: ASTM D5279-08 - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Torsion
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2008
• Refers: ASTM D4092-07 - Standard Terminology: Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2007
• Refers: ASTM D4065-06 - Standard Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Refers: ASTM D618-05 - Standard Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2005
• Refers: ASTM D4065-95 - Standard Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Refers: ASTM D4065-01 - Standard Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Refers: ASTM D4092-01 - Standard Terminology: Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Refers: ASTM D5279-01 - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Torsion
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Refers: ASTM D4092-96 - Standard Terminology: Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Refers: ASTM D5279-99 - Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Torsion
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Refers: ASTM D618-00 - Standard Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D4065-20 - Standard Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5418 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Flexure (Dual
1
Cantilever Beam)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 Thistestmethodoutlinestheuseofdynamicmechanical
instrumentation for determining and reporting the viscoelastic
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and com-
2. Referenced Documents
posite systems in the form of rectangular bars molded directly
2
or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The elastic
2.1 ASTM Standards:
modulus data generated may be used to identify the thermo-
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
mechanical properties of a plastics material or composition.
D4065 Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Proper-
ties: Determination and Report of Procedures
1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical
determining the viscoelastic properties of a wide variety of
Properties
plastics using nonresonant, forced-vibration techniques as
D5279 Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Prop-
outlined in Practice D4065. In particular, this method identifies
erties: In Torsion
the procedures used to measure properties using what is known
as a dual-cantilever beam flexure arrangement. Plots of the
3. Terminology
elastic(storage)modulus,loss(viscous)modulus,andcomplex
3.1 For definitions applicable to this practice see Terminol-
modulus, and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or
ogy Standard D4092.
temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the
thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material sys-
4. Summary of Test Method
tems.
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the elastic
1.3 Thistestmethodisvalidforawiderangeoffrequencies,
modulus of plastics using dynamic mechanical techniques. A
typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.
bar of rectangular cross section is tested as a beam in dynamic
1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained
linear displacement or bending. The dual-cantilever beam
under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differ-
specimen is gripped between two clamps. The specimen of
ences from results observed in another study can usually be
known geometry is placed in mechanical linear displacement,
reconciled, without changing the observed data, by reporting in
with the displacement strain or deformation applied at the
full (as described in this test method) the conditions under
center of the dual-cantilever beam. The forced-strain displace-
which the data were obtained.
ment is at either a fixed frequency or variable frequencies, and
at either isothermal conditions or with a linear temperature
1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and
variation.Theelasticorlossmodulus,orboth,ofthepolymeric
appropriate for use in engineering design.
3
material system are measured in flexure.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard.
5. Significance and Use
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 This test method provides a simple means of character-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
izing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic compositions
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
using a very small amount of material. Since small test
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Originally approved the ASTM website.
3
in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5418 - 07. DOI: 10.1520/ The particular method for measurement of the elastic and loss moduli and tan
D5418-15. delta depends upon the individual instrument’s operating principles.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Cons
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5418 − 07 D5418 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Flexure (Dual
1
Cantilever Beam)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method outlines the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for determining and reporting the viscoelastic
properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and composite systems in the form of rectangular bars molded directly or cut
from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The elastic modulus data generated may be used to identify the thermomechanical properties
of a plastics material or composition.
1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for determining the viscoelastic properties of a wide variety of plastics using
nonresonant, forced-vibration techniques as outlined in Practice D4065. In particular, this method identifies the procedures used
to measure properties using what is known as a dual-cantilever beam flexure arrangement. Plots of the elastic (storage) modulus,
loss (viscous) modulus, and complex modulus, and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of
significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material systems.
1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.
1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differences
from results observed in another study can usually be reconciled, without changing the observed data, by reporting in full (as
described in this test method) the conditions under which the data were obtained.
1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D4065 Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
D5279 Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Torsion
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions applicable to this practice see Terminology Standard D4092.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the elastic modulus of plastics using dynamic mechanical techniques. A bar
of rectangular cross section is tested as a beam in dynamic linear displacement or bending. The dual-cantilever beam specimen
is gripped between two clamps. The specimen of known geometry is placed in mechanical linear displacement, with the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved March 15, 2007July 1, 2015. Published April 2007July 2015. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20012007 as
D5418 - 01.D5418 - 07. DOI: 10.1520/D5418-07.10.1520/D5418-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5418 − 15
displacement strain or deformation applied at the center of the dual-cantilever beam. The forced-strain displacement is at either
a fixed frequency or variable frequencies, and at either isothermal conditions or with a linear temperature variation. The elastic or
3
loss modulus, or both, of the polymeric material system are measured in flexure.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This
...

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5418 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Flexure (Dual
1
Cantilever Beam)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This test method outlines the use of dynamic mechanical
instrumentation for determining and reporting the viscoelastic NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and com-
2. Referenced Documents
posite systems in the form of rectangular bars molded directly
2
or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The elastic
2.1 ASTM Standards:
modulus data generated may be used to identify the thermo-
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
mechanical properties of a plastics material or composition.
D4065 Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Proper-
ties: Determination and Report of Procedures
1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for
D4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical
determining the viscoelastic properties of a wide variety of
Properties
plastics using nonresonant, forced-vibration techniques as
D5279 Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Prop-
outlined in Practice D4065. In particular, this method identifies
erties: In Torsion
the procedures used to measure properties using what is known
as a dual-cantilever beam flexure arrangement. Plots of the
3. Terminology
elastic (storage) modulus, loss (viscous) modulus, and complex
3.1 For definitions applicable to this practice see Terminol-
modulus, and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or
ogy Standard D4092.
temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the
thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material sys-
4. Summary of Test Method
tems.
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the elastic
1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies,
modulus of plastics using dynamic mechanical techniques. A
typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz.
bar of rectangular cross section is tested as a beam in dynamic
1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained
linear displacement or bending. The dual-cantilever beam
under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differ-
specimen is gripped between two clamps. The specimen of
ences from results observed in another study can usually be
known geometry is placed in mechanical linear displacement,
reconciled, without changing the observed data, by reporting in
with the displacement strain or deformation applied at the
full (as described in this test method) the conditions under
center of the dual-cantilever beam. The forced-strain displace-
which the data were obtained.
ment is at either a fixed frequency or variable frequencies, and
at either isothermal conditions or with a linear temperature
1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and
variation. The elastic or loss modulus, or both, of the polymeric
appropriate for use in engineering design.
3
material system are measured in flexure.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard.
5. Significance and Use
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 This test method provides a simple means of character-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
izing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic compositions
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
using a very small amount of material. Since small test
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Originally approved the ASTM website.
3
in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5418 - 07. DOI: 10.1520/ The particular method for measurement of the elastic and loss moduli and tan
D5418-15. delta depends upon the individual instrument’s operating principles.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5418 − 15
spe
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