ASTM D4806-11

Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel

ABSTRACT
This specification covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended for blending with unleaded or leaded gasolines for use as a spark-ignition automotive engine fuel. Denatured fuel ethanol shall conform to the specified performance requirements for the following: ethanol content, methanol, solvent-washed gum, water content, denaturant content, inorganic chloride content, copper content, acidity, pHe, sulfur content, sulfate content, appearance, and specific gravity. The only denaturants used for fuel ethanol shall be natural gasoline, gasoline components, or unleaded gasoline at the minimum concentration prescribed. Prohibited denaturants include methanol which does not meet the specified requirement, pyrroles, turpentine, ketones, and tars (high-molecular weight pyrolysis products of fossil or nonfossil vegetable matter). Sampling, containers, and sample handling techniques, and the test methods for determining conformance to the specified requirements are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended to be blended with unleaded or leaded gasolines at 1 to 10 volume % for use as automotive spark-ignition engine fuel covered by Specification D4814. The significance of this specification is shown in Appendix X1.
1.2 The user is advised to check with the national regulatory agencies where the ethanol is denatured and used. The sulfur limit and denaturing formulas in this specification are acceptable for the U.S. market. Other countries or jurisdictions may allow or require other denaturing formulas and sulfur limits.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the method modification in 8.7 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2010
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.A0.02 - Oxygenated Fuels and Components

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4806-10b - Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Replaced By: ASTM D4806-11a - Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D4814-23 - Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E3050-22 - Standard Specification for Denatured Ethanol for Use as Cooking and Appliance Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D8181-19 - Standard Specification for Microemulsion Blendstock for Preparing Microemulsion Test Fuel Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D5501-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethanol and Methanol Content in Fuels Containing Greater than 20 % Ethanol by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D7717-11(2021) - Standard Practice for Preparing Volumetric Blends of Denatured Fuel Ethanol and Gasoline Blendstocks for Laboratory Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D6423-20a - Standard Test Method for Determination of pHe of Denatured Fuel Ethanol and Ethanol Fuel Blends
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D7757-22 - Standard Test Method for Silicon in Gasoline and Related Products by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D1613-17(2023) - Standard Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D5797-21 - Standard Specification for Methanol Fuel Blends (M51–M85) for Methanol-Capable Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D7794-21 - Standard Practice for Blending Mid-Level Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Vehicles with Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D7923-19 - Standard Test Method for Water in Ethanol and Hydrocarbon Blends by Karl Fischer Titration
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D7577-12(2021) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Accelerated Iron Corrosion Rating of Denatured Fuel Ethanol and Ethanol Fuel Blends
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D7563-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Ability of Engine Oil to Emulsify Water and Simulated Ed85 Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4806 – 11
Standard Specification for
Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use
1
as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4806; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer,
and Related Products
1.1 This specification covers nominally anhydrous dena-
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
tured fuel ethanol intended to be blended with unleaded or
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
leaded gasolines at 1 to 10 volume % for use as automotive
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
spark-ignition engine fuel covered by Specification D4814.
D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light
ThesignificanceofthisspecificationisshowninAppendixX1.
Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcou-
1.2 Theuserisadvisedtocheckwiththenationalregulatory
lometry
agencies where the ethanol is denatured and used. The sulfur
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
limit and denaturing formulas in this specification are accept-
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
able for the U.S. market. Other countries or jurisdictions may
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
allow or require other denaturing formulas and sulfur limits.
Petroleum Products
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Products, and Lubricants
standard.
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
Petroleum Products
method modification in 8.7 of this specification: This standard
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
Fuel
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in
to use.
Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel
2. Referenced Documents Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
2
D5501 Test Method for Determination of Ethanol Content
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of Denatured Fuel Ethanol by Gas Chromatography
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
D5580 Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Tolu-
Atmospheric Pressure
ene, Ethylbenzene, p/m-Xylene, o-Xylene, C and Heavier
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo- 9
Aromatics, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by
ration
Gas Chromatography
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
D5854 PracticeforMixingandHandlingofLiquidSamples
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
D6423 Test Method for Determination of pHe of Ethanol,
D1613 Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and
Denatured Fuel Ethanol, and Fuel Ethanol (Ed75-Ed85)
D6550 Test Method for Determination of Olefin Content of
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Gasolines by Supercritical-Fluid Chromatography
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D7039 Test Method for Sulfur in Gasoline and Diesel Fuel
D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components.
by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluores-
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011. Published February 2011. Originally
cence Spectrometry
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4806–10b. DOI:
10.1520/D4806-11.
D7318 Test Method for Total Inorganic Sulfate in Ethanol
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
by Potentiometric Titration
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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D4806 – 11
TABLE 1 Performance Requirements
Property Limit Method
Ethanol, volume %, min 92.1 D5501
Methanol, volume %, max 0.5 D5501
Solvent-washed gum content, mg/100 mL
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D4806–10b Designation: D4806 – 11
Standard Specification for
Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use
1
as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4806; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended to be blended with unleaded or leaded
gasolines at 1 to 10 volume % for use as automotive spark-ignition engine fuel covered by Specification D4814. The significance
of this specification is shown in Appendix X1.
1.2 The user is advised to check with the national regulatory agencies where the ethanol is denatured and used. The sulfur limit
and denaturing formulas in this specification are acceptable for the U.S. market. Other countries or jurisdictions may allow or
require other denaturing formulas and sulfur limits.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat applies pertains only to the test method modification in 8.7 : of this specification: This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), orAPI Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum
Products by Hydrometer Method
D1613 Test Method forAcidity in Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
Products
D1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcoulometry
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel,
and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
D5501 Test Method for Determination of Ethanol Content of Denatured Fuel Ethanol by Gas Chromatography
D5580 Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, p/m-Xylene, o-Xylene, C and HeavierAromatics,
9
and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6423 Test Method for Determination of pHe of Ethanol, Denatured Fuel Ethanol, and Fuel Ethanol (Ed75-Ed85)
D6550 Test Method for Determination of Olefin Content of Gasolines by Supercritical-Fluid Chromatography
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.A0.02
on Oxygenated Fuels and Components.
Current edition approved Oct.Jan. 1, 2010.2011. Published November 2010.February 2011. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as
D4806–10ab. DOI: 10.1520/D4806-10B.10.1520/D4806-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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D4806 – 11
D7039 Test
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