ASTM D975-08ae1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
ABSTRACT
This specification covers seven grades of diesel fuel oils suitable for various types of diesel engines. These grades are: Grade No. 1-D S15; Grade No. 1-D S500; Grade No. 1-D S5000; Grade No. 2-D S15; Grade No. 2-D S500; Grade No. 2-D S5000; and Grade No. 4-D. The requirements specified for diesel fuel oils shall be determined in accordance with the following test methods: flash point; cloud point; water and sediment; carbon residue; ash; distillation; viscosity; sulfur; copper corrosion; cetane number; cetane index; aromaticity; lubricity; and conductivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seven grades of diesel fuel oils suitable for various types of diesel engines. These grades are described as follows:
1.1.1 Grade No. 1-D S15—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S15 fuel.
1.1.2 Grade No. 1-D S500—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S500 fuel.
1.1.3 Grade No. 1-D S5000—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 5000 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S5000 fuels.
1.1.4 Grade No. 2-D S15—A general purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and load.
1.1.5 Grade No. 2-D S500—A general-purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and load.
1.1.6 Grade No. 2-D S5000—A general-purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 5000 ppm sulfur (maximum), especially in conditions of varying speed and load.
1.1.7 Grade No. 4-D—A heavy distillate fuel, or a blend of distillate and residual oil, for use in low- and medium-speed diesel engines in applications involving predominantly constant speed and load.
Note 1—A more detailed description of the grades of diesel fuel oils is given in X1.2.
Note 2—The Sxxx designation has been adopted to distinguish grades by sulfur rather than using words such as “Low Sulfur” as previously because the number of sulfur grades is growing and the word descriptions were thought to be not precise. S5000 grades correspond to the so-called “regular” sulfur grades, the previous No. 1-D and No. 2-D. S500 grades correspond to the previous “Low Sulfur” grades. S15 grades were not in the previous grade system and are commonly referred to as “Ultra-Low Sulfur” grades or ULSD.
1.2 This specification, unless otherwise provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, prescribes the required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery.
1.2.1 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more restrictive.
Note 3—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate diesel fuel oils. For more information on the subject, see Guide D 4865.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
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An American National Standard
´1
Designation: D 975 – 08a
Standard Specification for
1
Diesel Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D975; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
´ NOTE—Removed effective date from Table1 editorially in December 2008.
1. Scope* 1.1.7 Grade No. 4-D—Aheavy distillate fuel, or a blend of
distillate and residual oil, for use in low- and medium-speed
1.1 Thisspecificationcoverssevengradesofdieselfueloils
diesel engines in applications involving predominantly con-
suitable for various types of diesel engines. These grades are
stant speed and load.
described as follows:
1.1.1 Grade No. 1-D S15—A special-purpose, light middle
NOTE 1—Amoredetaileddescriptionofthegradesofdieselfueloilsis
distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a
given in X1.2.
NOTE 2—The Sxxx designation has been adopted to distinguish grades
fuel with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than
2
by sulfur rather than using words such as “Low Sulfur” as previously
that provided by Grade No. 2-D S15 fuel.
becausethenumberofsulfurgradesisgrowingandtheworddescriptions
1.1.2 Grade No. 1-D S500—Aspecial-purpose,lightmiddle
were thought to be not precise. S5000 grades correspond to the so-called
distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a
“regular” sulfur grades, the previous No. 1-D and No. 2-D. S500 grades
fuelwith500ppmsulfur(maximum)andhighervolatilitythan
correspond to the previous “Low Sulfur” grades. S15 grades were not in
2
that provided by Grade No. 2-D S500 fuel.
the previous grade system and are commonly referred to as “Ultra-Low
1.1.3 Grade No. 1-D S5000—A special-purpose, light Sulfur” grades or ULSD.
middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications
1.2 This specification, unless otherwise provided by agree-
requiring a fuel with 5000 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher
ment between the purchaser and the supplier, prescribes the
volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S5000 fuels.
required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of
1.1.4 Grade No. 2-D S15—A general purpose, middle
delivery.
distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a
1.2.1 Nothinginthisspecificationshallprecludeobservance
fuelwith15ppmsulfur(maximum).Itisespeciallysuitablefor
of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more
2
useinapplicationswithconditionsofvaryingspeedandload.
restrictive.
1.1.5 Grade No. 2-D S500—A general-purpose, middle
NOTE 3—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create
distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a
problems in the handling of distillate diesel fuel oils. For more informa-
fuel with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable
tion on the subject, see Guide D4865.
for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and
2
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
load.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1.6 Grade No. 2-D S5000—A general-purpose, middle
standard.
distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a
fuelwith5000ppmsulfur(maximum),especiallyinconditions
2. Referenced Documents
of varying speed and load.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D56 TestMethodforFlashPointbyTagClosedCupTester
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
Atmospheric Pressure
D02.E0.02 on Diesel Fuel Oils.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D975–08.
2
This fuel complies with 40 CFR Part 80—Control ofAir Pollution from New
3
Motor Vehicles: Heavy–Duty Engines and Vehicle Standards and Highway Diesel For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Fuel Sulfur Control Requirements: Final Rule. Regulation of Fuels and Fuel contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Additives: Fuel Quality Regulations for Highway Diesel Fuel Sold in 1993 and Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Later Calendar Years. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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´1
D 975
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately,ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
´1
Designation:D975–08 Designation: D 975 – 08a
Standard Specification for
1
Diesel Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D975; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
´ NOTE—Removed effective date from Table1 editorially in December 2008.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers seven grades of diesel fuel oils suitable for various types of diesel engines. These grades are
described as follows:
1.1.1 Grade No. 1-D S15—Aspecial-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel
2
with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S15 fuel.
1.1.2 Grade No. 1-D S500—Aspecial-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel
2
with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S500 fuel.
1.1.3 Grade No. 1-D S5000—Aspecial-purpose,lightmiddledistillatefuelforuseindieselengineapplicationsrequiringafuel
with 5000 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S5000 fuels.
1.1.4 Grade No. 2-D S15—Ageneral purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with
2
15 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and load.
1.1.5 Grade No. 2-D S500—Ageneral-purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with
2
500 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and load.
1.1.6 Grade No. 2-D S5000—Ageneral-purpose,middledistillatefuelforuseindieselengineapplicationsrequiringafuelwith
5000 ppm sulfur (maximum), especially in conditions of varying speed and load.
1.1.7 Grade No. 4-D—Aheavy distillate fuel, or a blend of distillate and residual oil, for use in low- and medium-speed diesel
engines in applications involving predominantly constant speed and load.
NOTE 1—A more detailed description of the grades of diesel fuel oils is given in X1.2.
NOTE 2—The Sxxx designation has been adopted to distinguish grades by sulfur rather than using words such as “Low Sulfur” as previously because
thenumberofsulfurgradesisgrowingandtheworddescriptionswerethoughttobenotprecise.S5000gradescorrespondtotheso-called“regular”sulfur
grades,thepreviousNo.1-DandNo.2-D.S500gradescorrespondtotheprevious“LowSulfur”grades.S15gradeswerenotinthepreviousgradesystem
and are commonly referred to as “Ultra-Low Sulfur” grades or ULSD.
1.2 This specification, unless otherwise provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, prescribes the required
properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery.
1.2.1 Nothinginthisspecificationshallprecludeobservanceoffederal,state,orlocalregulationswhichmaybemorerestrictive.
NOTE 3—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate diesel fuel oils. For more information on
the subject, see Guide D4865.
1.3
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.E0.02
on Diesel Fuel Oils.
Current edition approved April 15,Oct. 1, 2008. Published MayOctober 2008. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 20072008 as
D975–07b.D975–08.
2
This fuel complies with 40 CFR Part 80—Control of Air Pollution from New Motor Vehicles: Heavy–Duty Engines and Vehicle Standards and Highway Diesel Fuel
Sulfur Control Requirements: Final Rule. Regulation of Fuels and FuelAdditives: Fuel Quality Regulations for Highway Diesel Fuel Sold in 1993 and Later CalendarYears.
3
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’
...
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