ASTM B160-05(2019)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Nickel Rod and Bar
Standard Specification for Nickel Rod and Bar
ABSTRACT
This specification covers nickel (UNS N02200), low carbon nickel (UNS N02201), and solution strengthened nickel (UNS N02211) in the form of hot-worked, cold-worked, or annealed rods and bars of round, square, hexagonal, or rectangular solid section. The material shall conform to the chemical composition limits specified for nickel, copper, iron, manganese, carbon, silicon, and sulfur. Mechanical requirements including tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are given for specific conditions and diameter or distance between parallel surfaces. Chemical analysis, tension test, and hardness test shall be performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers nickel (UNS N02200),3 low-carbon nickel (UNS N02201),3 and solution-strengthened nickel (UNS N02211) in the form of hot-worked and cold-worked rod and bar in the conditions shown in Table 1.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:B160 −05 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Nickel Rod and Bar
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B160; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
2 3
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.1 This specification covers nickel (UNS N02200), low-
3 E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship
carbon nickel (UNS N02201), and solution-strengthened
Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell
nickel (UNS N02211) in the form of hot-worked and cold-
Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Sclero-
worked rod and bar in the conditions shown in Table 1.
scope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
E1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel, Co-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
balt and High-Temperature Alloys
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1 bar, n—material of rectangular (flats), hexagonal, or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
square solid section up to and including 10 in. (254 mm) in
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
width and ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thickness in straight
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
lengths.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
NOTE 1—Hot-worked rectangular bar in widths 10 in. (254 mm) and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
under may be furnished as hot-rolled plate with sheared or cut edges in
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
accordance with Specification B162, provided the mechanical property
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
requirements of Specification B160 are met.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.2 rod, n—material of round solid section furnished in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
straight lengths.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Ordering Information
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
B162 Specification for Nickel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
requirements that are necessary for the safe and satisfactory
B880 Specification for General Requirements for Chemical
performance of material ordered under this specification.
Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and
Examples of such requirements include, but are not limited to,
Cobalt Alloys
the following:
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue.
terials
4.1.2 UNS number.
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
4.1.3 Section—Rod (round) or bar (square, hexagonal, or
terials
rectangular).
4.1.4 Dimensions—Dimensions including length.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
4.1.5 Condition.
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.6 Finish.
B02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
4.1.7 Quantity—Feet or number of pieces.
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published April 2019. Originally
approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as B160 – 05 (2014).
4.1.8 Certification—State if certification or a report of test
DOI: 10.1520/B0160-05R19.
results is required (Section 15).
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
4.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—State whether
cation SB-160 in Section II of that Code.
samples for product (check) analysis should be furnished.
New designations established in accordance withASTM E527 and SAE J1086,
Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).
4.1.10 Purchaser Inspection—If purchaser wishes to wit-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ness tests or inspection of material at place of manufacture, the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
purchase order must so state indicating which test or inspec-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tions are to be witnessed.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B160−05 (2019)
TABLE 1 Mechanical Properties
Condition and Diameter or Distance Tensile Strength, min, Yield Strength (0.2 % offset), Elongation in 2 in. or 50
A
Between Parallel Surfaces, in. (mm) psi (MPa) min. psi (MPa) mm or 4D, min %
Nickel (UNS N02200)
Cold-worked (as worked):
B
Rounds, 1 (25.4) and under 80 000 (550) 60 000 (415) 10
Rounds over 1 to 4 (25.4 to 101.6) incl. 75 000 (515) 50 000 (345) 15
B
Squares, hexagons, and rectangles, all sizes 65 000 (450) 40 000 (275) 25
Hot-worked:
C
All sections, all sizes 60 000 (415) 15 000 (105) 35
D
Rings and disks —— —
Annealed:
B
Rods and bars, all sizes 55 000 (380) 15 000 (105) 40
E
Rings and disks —— —
Forging quality
FF F
All sizes
Low-Carbon Nickel (UNS N02201) and Solution Strengthened Nickel (UNS N02211)
Hot-worked:
C
All sections, all sizes 50 000 (345) 10 000 (70) 40
Annealed:
B
All products, all sizes 50 000 (345) 10 000 (70) 40
A
See 12.2.
B
Not applicable to diameters or cross sections under ⁄32 in. (2.4 mm).
C
For hot-worked flats ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) and under in thickness the elongation shall be 25 %, min.
D
Hardness B45 to B80, or equivalent.
E
Hardness B45 to B70 or equivalent.
F
Forging quality is furnished to chemical requirements and surface inspection only. No tensile properties are required.
TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance Between
5. Chemical Composition
Parallel Surfaces of Cold-Worked Rod and Bar
5.1 The material shall conform to the composition limits
Permissible Variations from
A
specified in Table 2. Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
+−
5.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the
Rounds:
purchaser, the material shall be done per Specification B880
1 3
⁄16 (1.6) to ⁄16 (4.8), excl 0 0.002 (0.05)
3 1
and the material shall conform to the product (check) analysis
⁄16 (4.8) to ⁄2 (12.7), excl 0 0.003 (0.08)
1 15
⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄16 (23.8), incl 0.001 (0.03) 0.002 (0.05)
variations defined in Check Analysis Variation table of Speci-
15 15
Over ⁄16 (23.8) to 1 ⁄16 (49.2), incl 0.0015 (0.04) 0.003 (0.08)
fication B880.
15 1
Over 1 ⁄16 (49.2) to 2 ⁄2 (63.5), incl 0.002 (0.05) 0.004 (0.10)
Over 2 ⁄2 (63.5) to 3 (76.2), incl 0.0025 (0.06) 0.005 (0.13)
6. Mechanical and Other Requirements
Over 3 (76.2) to 3 (88.9), incl 0.003 (0.08) 0.006 (0.15)
Over 3 ⁄2 (88.9) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.0035 (0.09) 0.007 (0.18)
6.1 Mechanical Properties—The material shall conform to
Hexagons, squares, rectangles:
the mechanical properties specified in Table 1.
⁄2 (12.7) and less 0 0.004 (0.10)
1 7
Over ⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄8 (22.2), incl 0 0.005 (0.13)
7 1
Over ⁄8 (22.2) to 1 ⁄4 (31.8), incl 0 0.007 (0.18)
7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
1 1
Over 1 ⁄4 (31.8) to 2 ⁄4 (57.2), incl 0 0.009 (0.23)
Over 2 ⁄4 (57.2) to 3 (76.2), incl 0 0.011 (0.28)
7.1 Diameter, Thickness, or Width—The permissible varia-
Over 3 (76.2) to 3 ⁄2 (88.9), incl 0 0.015 (0.38)
tions from the specified dimensions as measured on the
Over 3 ⁄2 (88.9) to 4 (101.6), incl 0 0.017 (0.43)
diameter or between parallel surfaces of cold-worked rod and
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rounds, to distance between parallel surfaces of
barshallbeasprescribedinTable3,andofhot-workedrodand
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
bar as prescribed in Table 4.
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
7.2 Out-of-Round—Hot-worked rods and cold-worked rods
Composition Limits, %
(except “forging quality”), all sizes, in straight lengths, shall
Solution-
Low-Carbon
not be out-of-round by more than one half the total permissible
Element
Nickel (UNS Strengthened
Nickel (UNS
N02200) Nickel (UNS
variations in diameter shown in Tables 3 and 4, except for
N02201)
N02211)
hot-workedrods ⁄2in.(12.7mm)indiameterandunder,which
A
Nickel, min 99.0 99.0 93.7
may be out-of-round by the total permissible variations in
Copper, max 0.25 0.25 0.25
diameter shown in Table 4.
Iron, max 0.40 0.40 0.75
Manganese, max 0.35 0.35 4.25 – 5.25
7.3 Corners—Cold-worked bars will have practically exact
Carbon, max 0.15† 0.02 0.20†
angles and sharp corners.
Silicon, max 0.35 0.35 0.15
Sulfur, max 0.01 0.01 0.015
7.4 Machining Allowances for Hot-Worked Materials—
A
Element shall be determined arithmetically by difference.
When the surfaces of hot-worked products are to be machined,
the allowances prescribed in Table 5 are recommended for
† Carbon max value for UNS N02200 was corrected editorially.
† Carbon max value for UNS N02211 was corrected editorially. normal machining operations.
B160−05 (2019)
TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance Between
9.2.1 Alot for mechanical properties testing shall consist of
Parallel Surfaces of Hot-Worked Rod and Bar
all material from the same heat, nominal diameter of thickness,
Permissible Variations from
and condition.
A
Specified Dimensions, in. (mm)
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
9.2.1.1 Where material cannot be identified by heat, a lot
+−
shall consist of not more than 500 lb (227 kg) of material in the
Rod and bar, hot-worked:
same size and condition.
1 (25.4) and under 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41)
Over 1 (25.4) to 2 (50.8), incl 0.031 (0.79) 0.016 (0.41)
9.3 Test Material Selection:
Over 2 (50.8) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.047 (1.19) 0.031 (0.79)
9.3.1 Chemical Analysis—Representative samples from
Over 4 (101.6) 0.125 (3.18) 0.063 (1.60)
Rod, rough-turned or rough-ground: each lot shall be taken during pouring or subsequent process-
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
ing.
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
B 9.3.1.1 Product (check) analysis shall be wholly the respon-
Forging quality rod:
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
sibility of the purchaser.
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
9.3.2 Mechanical Properties—Samples of the material to
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of
providetestspecimensformechanicalpropertiesshallbetaken
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
B from such locations in each lot as to be representative of that
Spot grinding is permitted to remove minor surface imperfections. The depth of
lot.
these spot ground areas shall not exceed 3 % of the diameter of the rod.
10. Number of Tests
10.1 Chemical Analysis—One test per lot.
7.5 Length—The permissible variations in length of cold-
10.2 Tension—One test per lot.
worked and hot-worked rod and bar shall be as prescribed in
10.3 Hardness—One test per lot.
Table 6.
7.5.1 Rods and bars ordered to random or nominal lengths
11. Specimen Preparation
will be furnished with either cropped or saw-cut ends; material
ordered to cut lengths will be furnished with square saw-cut or 11.1 Tension test specimens shall be taken from material in
machined ends.
the final condition and tested in the direction of fabrication.
11.1.1 All rod and bar shall be tested in full cross-section
7.6 Straightness:
size when possible. When a full cross-section size test cannot
7.6.1 The permissible variations in straightness of cold-
be performed, the largest possible round specimen shown in
worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
Test Methods E8/E8M shall be used. Longitudinal strip speci-
straightness shall be as prescribed in Table 7.
mens shall be prepared in accordance with Test Methods
7.6.2 The permissible variations in straightness of
E8/E8M for rectangular bar up to ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm), inclusive,
precision-straightened, cold-worked rod as determined by the
in thicknesses that are too wide to be pulled full size.
departure from straightness shall be as prescribed in Table 8.
7.6.2.1 In determining straightness in the standard 42-in.
11.2 Hardnesstestspecimensshallbetakenfrommaterialin
(1.07-m) distance between supports or, when specified, in the final condition.
determining straightness in lengths not in excess of those
11.3 In order that the hardness determinations may be in
shown in Table 8, the rod shall be placed on a precision table
reasonably close agreement, the following procedure is sug-
equipped with ballbearing rollers and a micrometer or dial
gested:
indicator. The rod shall then be rotated slowly against the
11.3.1 For rod under ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter, hardness
indicator, and the deviation from straightness in any portion of
readings shall be taken on a flat surface prepared by filing or
the rod between the supports shall not exceed the permissible
grinding approximately ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) from the outside
variations prescribed in Table 8. The deviation from straight-
surface of the rod.
ness (throw in one revolution) is defined as the difference
11.3.2 For rod ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and larger, and
between the maximum and minimum readings of the dial
for hexagonal, square, and rectangular bar, all sizes, hardness
indicator in one complete revolution of the rod.
readings shall be taken on a cross section midway between the
7.6.3 The permissible variations in straightness of hot-
surface and center of the section.
worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
straightness shall be as specified in Table 9.
12. Test Methods
12.1 The chemical composition, mechanical, and other
8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
properties of the material as enumerated in this specification
8.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and condition,
shall be determined, in case of disagreement, in accordance
smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injurious
with the following methods:
imperfections.
Test ASTM Designation
Chemical Analysis E1473
9. Sampling
Tension E8/E8M
Rockwell Hardness E18
9.1 Lot—Definition:
Hardness Conversion E140
Rounding Procedure E29
9.2 A lot for chemical analysis shall consist of one heat.
B160−05 (2019)
TABLE 5 Normal Machining Allowances for Hot-wor
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B160 − 05 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Nickel Rod and Bar
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B160; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
2 3 Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.1 This specification covers nickel (UNS N02200), low-
3 E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship
carbon nickel (UNS N02201), and solution-strengthened
Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell
nickel (UNS N02211) in the form of hot-worked and cold-
Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Sclero-
worked rod and bar in the conditions shown in Table 1.
scope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
E1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel, Co-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
balt and High-Temperature Alloys
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1 bar, n—material of rectangular (flats), hexagonal, or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
square solid section up to and including 10 in. (254 mm) in
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
width and ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thickness in straight
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
lengths.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
NOTE 1—Hot-worked rectangular bar in widths 10 in. (254 mm) and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
under may be furnished as hot-rolled plate with sheared or cut edges in
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
accordance with Specification B162, provided the mechanical property
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- requirements of Specification B160 are met.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.2 rod, n—material of round solid section furnished in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
straight lengths.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Ordering Information
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
B162 Specification for Nickel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
requirements that are necessary for the safe and satisfactory
B880 Specification for General Requirements for Chemical
performance of material ordered under this specification.
Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and
Examples of such requirements include, but are not limited to,
Cobalt Alloys
the following:
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue.
terials
4.1.2 UNS number.
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
4.1.3 Section—Rod (round) or bar (square, hexagonal, or
terials
rectangular).
4.1.4 Dimensions—Dimensions including length.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
4.1.5 Condition.
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.6 Finish.
B02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
4.1.7 Quantity—Feet or number of pieces.
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published April 2019. Originally
approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as B160 – 05 (2014). 4.1.8 Certification—State if certification or a report of test
DOI: 10.1520/B0160-05R19.
results is required (Section 15).
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
4.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—State whether
cation SB-160 in Section II of that Code.
samples for product (check) analysis should be furnished.
New designations established in accordance with ASTM E527 and SAE J1086,
Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).
4.1.10 Purchaser Inspection—If purchaser wishes to wit-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ness tests or inspection of material at place of manufacture, the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
purchase order must so state indicating which test or inspec-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tions are to be witnessed.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B160 − 05 (2019)
TABLE 1 Mechanical Properties
Condition and Diameter or Distance Tensile Strength, min, Yield Strength (0.2 % offset), Elongation in 2 in. or 50
A
Between Parallel Surfaces, in. (mm) psi (MPa) min. psi (MPa) mm or 4D, min %
Nickel (UNS N02200)
Cold-worked (as worked):
B
Rounds, 1 (25.4) and under 80 000 (550) 60 000 (415) 10
Rounds over 1 to 4 (25.4 to 101.6) incl. 75 000 (515) 50 000 (345) 15
B
Squares, hexagons, and rectangles, all sizes 65 000 (450) 40 000 (275) 25
Hot-worked:
C
All sections, all sizes 60 000 (415) 15 000 (105) 35
D
Rings and disks — — —
Annealed:
B
Rods and bars, all sizes 55 000 (380) 15 000 (105) 40
E
Rings and disks — — —
Forging quality
F F F
All sizes
Low-Carbon Nickel (UNS N02201) and Solution Strengthened Nickel (UNS N02211)
Hot-worked:
C
All sections, all sizes 50 000 (345) 10 000 (70) 40
Annealed:
B
All products, all sizes 50 000 (345) 10 000 (70) 40
A
See 12.2.
B
Not applicable to diameters or cross sections under ⁄32 in. (2.4 mm).
C
For hot-worked flats ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) and under in thickness the elongation shall be 25 %, min.
D
Hardness B45 to B80, or equivalent.
E
Hardness B45 to B70 or equivalent.
F
Forging quality is furnished to chemical requirements and surface inspection only. No tensile properties are required.
TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance Between
5. Chemical Composition
Parallel Surfaces of Cold-Worked Rod and Bar
5.1 The material shall conform to the composition limits
Permissible Variations from
A
specified in Table 2. Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
+ −
5.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the
Rounds:
purchaser, the material shall be done per Specification B880
1 3
⁄16 (1.6) to ⁄16 (4.8), excl 0 0.002 (0.05)
and the material shall conform to the product (check) analysis 3 1
⁄16 (4.8) to ⁄2 (12.7), excl 0 0.003 (0.08)
1 15
⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄16 (23.8), incl 0.001 (0.03) 0.002 (0.05)
variations defined in Check Analysis Variation table of Speci-
15 15
Over ⁄16 (23.8) to 1 ⁄16 (49.2), incl 0.0015 (0.04) 0.003 (0.08)
fication B880.
15 1
Over 1 ⁄16 (49.2) to 2 ⁄2 (63.5), incl 0.002 (0.05) 0.004 (0.10)
Over 2 ⁄2 (63.5) to 3 (76.2), incl 0.0025 (0.06) 0.005 (0.13)
6. Mechanical and Other Requirements
Over 3 (76.2) to 3 (88.9), incl 0.003 (0.08) 0.006 (0.15)
Over 3 ⁄2 (88.9) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.0035 (0.09) 0.007 (0.18)
6.1 Mechanical Properties—The material shall conform to
Hexagons, squares, rectangles:
the mechanical properties specified in Table 1. ⁄2 (12.7) and less 0 0.004 (0.10)
1 7
Over ⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄8 (22.2), incl 0 0.005 (0.13)
7 1
Over ⁄8 (22.2) to 1 ⁄4 (31.8), incl 0 0.007 (0.18)
7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
1 1
Over 1 ⁄4 (31.8) to 2 ⁄4 (57.2), incl 0 0.009 (0.23)
7.1 Diameter, Thickness, or Width—The permissible varia- Over 2 ⁄4 (57.2) to 3 (76.2), incl 0 0.011 (0.28)
Over 3 (76.2) to 3 ⁄2 (88.9), incl 0 0.015 (0.38)
tions from the specified dimensions as measured on the
Over 3 ⁄2 (88.9) to 4 (101.6), incl 0 0.017 (0.43)
diameter or between parallel surfaces of cold-worked rod and
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rounds, to distance between parallel surfaces of
bar shall be as prescribed in Table 3, and of hot-worked rod and
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
bar as prescribed in Table 4.
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
7.2 Out-of-Round—Hot-worked rods and cold-worked rods
Composition Limits, %
(except “forging quality”), all sizes, in straight lengths, shall
Solution-
Low-Carbon
not be out-of-round by more than one half the total permissible
Element
Nickel (UNS Strengthened
Nickel (UNS
N02200) Nickel (UNS variations in diameter shown in Tables 3 and 4, except for
N02201)
N02211)
hot-worked rods ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and under, which
A
Nickel, min 99.0 99.0 93.7
may be out-of-round by the total permissible variations in
Copper, max 0.25 0.25 0.25
diameter shown in Table 4.
Iron, max 0.40 0.40 0.75
Manganese, max 0.35 0.35 4.25 – 5.25
7.3 Corners—Cold-worked bars will have practically exact
Carbon, max 0.15† 0.02 0.20†
Silicon, max 0.35 0.35 0.15 angles and sharp corners.
Sulfur, max 0.01 0.01 0.015
7.4 Machining Allowances for Hot-Worked Materials—
A
Element shall be determined arithmetically by difference.
When the surfaces of hot-worked products are to be machined,
the allowances prescribed in Table 5 are recommended for
† Carbon max value for UNS N02200 was corrected editorially.
† Carbon max value for UNS N02211 was corrected editorially. normal machining operations.
B160 − 05 (2019)
TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance Between
9.2.1 A lot for mechanical properties testing shall consist of
Parallel Surfaces of Hot-Worked Rod and Bar
all material from the same heat, nominal diameter of thickness,
Permissible Variations from
and condition.
A
Specified Dimensions, in. (mm)
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
9.2.1.1 Where material cannot be identified by heat, a lot
+ −
shall consist of not more than 500 lb (227 kg) of material in the
Rod and bar, hot-worked:
same size and condition.
1 (25.4) and under 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41)
Over 1 (25.4) to 2 (50.8), incl 0.031 (0.79) 0.016 (0.41)
9.3 Test Material Selection:
Over 2 (50.8) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.047 (1.19) 0.031 (0.79)
9.3.1 Chemical Analysis—Representative samples from
Over 4 (101.6) 0.125 (3.18) 0.063 (1.60)
Rod, rough-turned or rough-ground:
each lot shall be taken during pouring or subsequent process-
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
ing.
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
B
9.3.1.1 Product (check) analysis shall be wholly the respon-
Forging quality rod:
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
sibility of the purchaser.
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
9.3.2 Mechanical Properties—Samples of the material to
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of
provide test specimens for mechanical properties shall be taken
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
from such locations in each lot as to be representative of that
B
Spot grinding is permitted to remove minor surface imperfections. The depth of
these spot ground areas shall not exceed 3 % of the diameter of the rod. lot.
10. Number of Tests
10.1 Chemical Analysis—One test per lot.
7.5 Length—The permissible variations in length of cold-
10.2 Tension—One test per lot.
worked and hot-worked rod and bar shall be as prescribed in
10.3 Hardness—One test per lot.
Table 6.
7.5.1 Rods and bars ordered to random or nominal lengths
11. Specimen Preparation
will be furnished with either cropped or saw-cut ends; material
ordered to cut lengths will be furnished with square saw-cut or
11.1 Tension test specimens shall be taken from material in
machined ends. the final condition and tested in the direction of fabrication.
11.1.1 All rod and bar shall be tested in full cross-section
7.6 Straightness:
size when possible. When a full cross-section size test cannot
7.6.1 The permissible variations in straightness of cold-
be performed, the largest possible round specimen shown in
worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
Test Methods E8/E8M shall be used. Longitudinal strip speci-
straightness shall be as prescribed in Table 7.
mens shall be prepared in accordance with Test Methods
7.6.2 The permissible variations in straightness of
E8/E8M for rectangular bar up to ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm), inclusive,
precision-straightened, cold-worked rod as determined by the
in thicknesses that are too wide to be pulled full size.
departure from straightness shall be as prescribed in Table 8.
7.6.2.1 In determining straightness in the standard 42-in. 11.2 Hardness test specimens shall be taken from material in
(1.07-m) distance between supports or, when specified, in
the final condition.
determining straightness in lengths not in excess of those
11.3 In order that the hardness determinations may be in
shown in Table 8, the rod shall be placed on a precision table
reasonably close agreement, the following procedure is sug-
equipped with ballbearing rollers and a micrometer or dial
gested:
indicator. The rod shall then be rotated slowly against the
11.3.1 For rod under ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter, hardness
indicator, and the deviation from straightness in any portion of
readings shall be taken on a flat surface prepared by filing or
the rod between the supports shall not exceed the permissible
grinding approximately ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) from the outside
variations prescribed in Table 8. The deviation from straight-
surface of the rod.
ness (throw in one revolution) is defined as the difference
11.3.2 For rod ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and larger, and
between the maximum and minimum readings of the dial
for hexagonal, square, and rectangular bar, all sizes, hardness
indicator in one complete revolution of the rod.
readings shall be taken on a cross section midway between the
7.6.3 The permissible variations in straightness of hot-
surface and center of the section.
worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
straightness shall be as specified in Table 9.
12. Test Methods
12.1 The chemical composition, mechanical, and other
8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
properties of the material as enumerated in this specification
8.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and condition,
shall be determined, in case of disagreement, in accordance
smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injurious
with the following methods:
imperfections.
Test ASTM Designation
Chemical Analysis E1473
9. Sampling
Tension E8/E8M
Rockwell Hardness E18
9.1 Lot—Definition:
Hardness Conversion E140
Rounding Procedure E29
9.2 A lot for chemical analysis shall consist of one heat.
B160 − 05 (2019)
TABLE 5 Normal Machining Allowances for Hot-worked Material
Normal Machining Allowance, in. (mm)
Distance Betwe
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B160 − 05 (Reapproved 2014) B160 − 05 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Nickel Rod and Bar
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B160; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
2 3 3
1.1 This specification covers nickel (UNS N02200), low carbon low-carbon nickel (UNS N02201), and solution strengthened
solution-strengthened nickel (UNS N02211) in the form of hot-worked and cold-worked rod and bar in the conditions shown in
Table 1.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health
practices,establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B162 Specification for Nickel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
B880 Specification for General Requirements for Chemical Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and Cobalt Alloys
E8E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials [Metric] E0008_E0008M
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness,
Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
E1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel, Cobalt and High-Temperature Alloys
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 bar, n—material of rectangular (flats), hexagonal, or square solid section up to and including 10 in. (254 mm) in width
and ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thickness in straight lengths.
NOTE 1—Hot-worked rectangular bar in widths 10 in. (254 mm) and under may be furnished as hot-rolled plate with sheared or cut edges in accordance
with Specification B162, provided the mechanical property requirements of Specification B160 are met.
3.1.2 rod, n—material of round solid section furnished in straight lengths.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.07 on Refined
Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014April 1, 2019. Published October 2014April 2019. Originally approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
ε1
B160 – 05 (2009)(2014). . DOI: 10.1520/B0160-05R14.10.1520/B0160-05R19.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SB-160 in Section II of that Code.
New designations established in accordance with ASTM E527 and SAE J1086, Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B160 − 05 (2019)
TABLE 1 Mechanical Properties
Condition and Diameter or Distance Tensile Strength, min, Yield Strength (0.2 % offset), Elongation in 2 in. or 50
A
Between Parallel Surfaces, in. (mm) psi (MPa) min. psi (MPa) mm or 4D, min %
Nickel (UNS N02200)
Cold-worked (as worked):
B
Rounds, 1 (25.4) and under 80 000 (550) 60 000 (415) 10
Rounds over 1 to 4 (25.4 to 101.6) incl. 75 000 (515) 50 000 (345) 15
B
Squares, hexagons, and rectangles, all sizes 65 000 (450) 40 000 (275) 25
Hot-worked:
C
All sections, all sizes 60 000 (415) 15 000 (105) 35
D
Rings and disks — — —
Annealed:
B
Rods and bars, all sizes 55 000 (380) 15 000 (105) 40
E
Rings and disks — — —
Forging quality
F F F
All sizes
Low-Carbon Nickel (UNS N02201) and Solution Strengthened Nickel (UNS N02211)
Hot-worked:
C
All sections, all sizes 50 000 (345) 10 000 (70) 40
Annealed:
B
All products, all sizes 50 000 (345) 10 000 (70) 40
A
See 12.2.
B
Not applicable to diameters or cross sections under ⁄32 in. (2.4 mm).
C
For hot-worked flats ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) and under in thickness the elongation shall be 25 %, min.
D
Hardness B45 to B80, or equivalent.
E
Hardness B45 to B70 or equivalent.
F
Forging quality is furnished to chemical requirements and surface inspection only. No tensile properties are required.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for the safe and satisfactory
performance of material ordered under this specification. Examples of such requirements include, but are not limited to, the
following:
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue.
4.1.2 UNS number.
4.1.3 Section—Rod (round) or bar (square, hexagonal, or rectangular).
4.1.4 Dimensions—Dimensions including length.
4.1.5 Condition.
4.1.6 Finish.
4.1.7 Quantity—feetFeet or number of pieces.
4.1.8 Certification—State if certification or a report of test results is required (Section 15).
4.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—State whether samples for product (check) analysis should be furnished.
4.1.10 Purchaser Inspection—If purchaser wishes to witness tests or inspection of material at place of manufacture, the
purchase order must so state indicating which test or inspections are to be witnessed.
5. Chemical Composition
5.1 The material shall conform to the composition limits specified in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
Composition Limits, %
Solution
Strengthened
Low-Carbon
Element
Nickel (UNS Solution-
Nickel (UNS
N02200) Strengthened
N02201)
Nickel (UNS
N02211)
A
Nickel, min 99.0 99.0 93.7
Copper, max 0.25 0.25 0.25
Iron, max 0.40 0.40 0.75
Manganese, max 0.35 0.35 4.25 – 5.25
Carbon, max 0.15† 0.02 0.20†
Silicon, max 0.35 0.35 0.15
Sulfur, max 0.01 0.01 0.015
A
Element shall be determined arithmetically by difference.
† Carbon max value for UNS N02200 was corrected editorially.
† Carbon max value for UNS N02211 was corrected editorially.
B160 − 05 (2019)
5.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the purchaser, the material shall be done per Specification B880 and the
material shall conform to the product (check) analysis variations defined in Check Analysis Variation table of Specification B880.
6. Mechanical and Other Requirements
6.1 Mechanical Properties—The material shall conform to the mechanical properties specified in Table 1.
7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
7.1 Diameter, Thickness, or Width—The permissible variations from the specified dimensions as measured on the diameter or
between parallel surfaces of cold-worked rod and bar shall be as prescribed in Table 3, and of hot-worked rod and bar as prescribed
in Table 4.
7.2 Out-of-Round—Hot-worked rods and cold-worked rods (except “forging quality”), all sizes, in straight lengths, shall not be
out-of-round by more than one half the total permissible variations in diameter shown in Tables 3 and 4, except for hot-worked
rods ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and under, which may be out-of-round by the total permissible variations in diameter shown in
Table 4.
7.3 Corners—Cold-worked bars will have practically exact angles and sharp corners.
7.4 Machining Allowances for Hot-Worked Materials—When the surfaces of hot-worked products are to be machined, the
allowances prescribed in Table 5 are recommended for normal machining operations.
7.5 Length—The permissible variations in length of cold-worked and hot-worked rod and bar shall be as prescribed in Table
6.
7.5.1 Rods and bars ordered to random or nominal lengths will be furnished with either cropped or saw-cut ends; material
ordered to cut lengths will be furnished with square saw-cut or machined ends.
7.6 Straightness:
7.6.1 The permissible variations in straightness of cold-worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from straightness
shall be as prescribed in Table 7.
7.6.2 The permissible variations in straightness of precision straightened precision-straightened, cold-worked rod as determined
by the departure from straightness shall be as prescribed in Table 8.
7.6.2.1 In determining straightness in the standard 42-in. (1.07-m) distance between supports or, when specified, in determining
straightness in lengths not in excess of those shown in Table 8, the rod shall be placed on a precision table equipped with
ballbearing rollers and a micrometer or dial indicator. The rod shall then be rotated slowly against the indicator, and the deviation
from straightness in any portion of the rod between the supports shall not exceed the permissible variations prescribed in Table
8. The deviation from straightness (throw in one revolution) is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum
readings of the dial indicator in one complete revolution of the rod.
7.6.3 The permissible variations in straightness of hot-worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from straightness shall
be as specified in Table 9.
TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance Between
Parallel Surfaces of Cold-Worked Rod and Bar
Permissible Variations from
A
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
+ −
Rounds:
1 3
⁄16 (1.6) to ⁄16 (4.8), excl 0 0.002 (0.05)
3 1
⁄16 (4.8) to ⁄2 (12.7), excl 0 0.003 (0.08)
1 15
⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄16 (23.8), incl 0.001 (0.03) 0.002 (0.05)
15 15
Over ⁄16 (23.8) to 1 ⁄16 (49.2), incl 0.0015 (0.04) 0.003 (0.08)
15 1
Over 1 ⁄16 (49.2) to 2 ⁄2 (63.5), incl 0.002 (0.05) 0.004 (0.10)
Over 2 ⁄2 (63.5) to 3 (76.2), incl 0.0025 (0.06) 0.005 (0.13)
Over 3 (76.2) to 3 (88.9), incl 0.003 (0.08) 0.006 (0.15)
Over 3 ⁄2 (88.9) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.0035 (0.09) 0.007 (0.18)
Hexagons, squares, rectangles:
⁄2 (12.7) and less 0 0.004 (0.10)
1 7
Over ⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄8 (22.2), incl 0 0.005 (0.13)
7 1
Over ⁄8 (22.2) to 1 ⁄4 (31.8), incl 0 0.007 (0.18)
1 1
Over 1 ⁄4 (31.8) to 2 ⁄4 (57.2), incl 0 0.009 (0.23)
Over 2 ⁄4 (57.2) to 3 (76.2), incl 0 0.011 (0.28)
Over 3 (76.2) to 3 ⁄2 (88.9), incl 0 0.015 (0.38)
Over 3 ⁄2 (88.9) to 4 (101.6), incl 0 0.017 (0.43)
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rounds, to distance between parallel surfaces of
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
B160 − 05 (2019)
TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance Between
Parallel Surfaces of Hot-Worked Rod and Bar
Permissible Variations from
A
Specified Dimensions, in. (mm)
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
+ −
Rod and bar, hot-worked:
1 (25.4) and under 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41)
Over 1 (25.4) to 2 (50.8), incl 0.031 (0.79) 0.016 (0.41)
Over 2 (50.8) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.047 (1.19) 0.031 (0.79)
Over 4 (101.6) 0.125 (3.18) 0.063 (1.60)
Rod, rough-turned or rough-ground:
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
B
Forging quality rod:
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
B
Spot grinding is permitted to remove minor surface imperfections. The depth of
these spot ground areas shall not exceed 3 % of the diameter of the rod.
8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and condition, smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injurious
imperfections.
9. Sampling
9.1 Lot—Definition:
9.2 A lot for chemical analysis shall consist of one heat.
9.2.1 A lot for mechanical properties testing shall consist of all material from the same heat, nominal diameter of thickness, and
condition.
9.2.1.1 Where material cannot be identified by heat, a lot shall consist of not more than 500 lb (227 kg) of material in the same
size and condition.
9.3 Test Material Selection:
9.3.1 Chemical Analysis—Representative samples from each lot shall be taken during pouring or subsequent processing.
9.3.1.1 Product (check) analysis shall be wholly the responsibility of the purchaser.
9.3.2 Mechanical Properties—Samples of the material to provide test specimens for mechanical properties shall be taken from
such locations in each lot as to be representative of that lot.
10. Number of Tests
10.1 Chemical Analysis—One test per lot.
10.2 Tension—One test per lot.
10.3 Hardness—One test per lot.
11. Specimen Preparation
11.1 Tension test specimens shall be taken from material in the final condition and tested in the direction of fabrication.
11.1.1 All rod and bar shall be tested in full cross-section size when possible. When a full cross-section size test cannot be
performed, the largest possible round specimen shown in Test Methods E8E8/E8M shall be used. Longitudinal strip specimens
shall be prepared in accordance with Test Methods E8E8/E8M for rectangular bar up to ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm), inclusive, in thicknesses
that are too wide to be pulled full size.
11.2 Hardness test specimens shall be taken from material in the final condition.
11.3 In order that the hardness determinations may be in reasonablereasonably close agreement, the following procedure is
suggested:
11.3.1 For rod,rod under ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter, hardness readings shall be taken on a flat surface prepared by filing or
grinding approximately ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) from the outside surface of the rod.
11.3.2 For rod,rod ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and la
...
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