ASTM D2582-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Puncture-Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting
Standard Test Method for Puncture-Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The puncture-propagation of tear test measures the resistance of a material to snagging, or more precisely, to dynamic puncture and propagation of that puncture resulting in a tear. Failures due to snagging occur in a variety of end uses, including industrial bags, liners, and tarpaulins. The units reported in this test method are Newtons (tear resistance).
Experience has shown that for many materials puncture does not contribute significantly to the force value determined, due to the sharpness of the propagating probe used. However, comparing the results of prepunctured test specimens with normal nonpunctured specimens will give an indication of the extent of any puncture resistance in the reported result.
For many materials, there may be a specification that requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural modifications that take precedence when adhering to the specification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that material specification before using this test method. Table 1 of Classification System D 4000 lists the current ASTM materials standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dynamic tear resistance of plastic film and thin sheeting subjected to end-use snagging-type hazards.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—Film has been arbitrarily defined as sheeting having nominal thickness not greater than 0.25 μm (0.010 in.).
Note 2—There is no equivalent ISO test method.
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Designation: D2582 − 09
StandardTest Method for
Puncture-Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and
1
Thin Sheeting
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2582; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3.1.1 slit tear—a single tear parallel to the direction of the
falling carriage.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dy-
3.1.2 “V” tear—a tear that has two individual tear legs (not
namictearresistanceofplasticfilmandthinsheetingsubjected
necessarily of equal length) radiating approximately 645°
to end-use snagging-type hazards.
from the point the tear was initiated.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Significance and Use
only.
4.1 The puncture-propagation of tear test measures the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
resistance of a material to snagging, or more precisely, to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
dynamicpunctureandpropagationofthatpunctureresultingin
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
a tear. Failures due to snagging occur in a variety of end uses,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
including industrial bags, liners, and tarpaulins. The units
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
reported in this test method are Newtons (tear resistance).
NOTE 1—Film has been arbitrarily defined as sheeting having nominal 4.2 Experience has shown that for many materials puncture
thickness not greater than 0.25 µm (0.010 in.).
does not contribute significantly to the force value determined,
NOTE 2—There is no equivalent ISO test method.
due to the sharpness of the propagating probe used. However,
comparing the results of prepunctured test specimens with
2. Referenced Documents
normal nonpunctured specimens will give an indication of the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
extent of any puncture resistance in the reported result.
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
4.3 For many materials, there may be a specification that
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural
D4000Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
modifications that take precedence when adhering to the
als
specification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that material
D5947Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
specification before using this test method. Table1 of Classi-
Plastics Specimens
fication System D4000 lists the current ASTM materials
D6988GuideforDeterminationofThicknessofPlasticFilm
standards.
Test Specimens
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
3
5. Apparatus
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
5.1 As shown in Fig. 1, the instrument consists of:
3. Terminology
5.1.1 Carriages of different weight, each with a pointed
probe. Each carriage weight shall have a tolerance of 61%of
3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the weight desired.
5.1.2 A test stand including:
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
5.1.2.1 Carriage release mechanism,
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and
5.1.2.2 Scale marked in millimetres,
Molded Products.
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally
approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D2582–08. DOI:
3
10.1520/D2582-09. The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or is Testing Machines, Inc., 2910 Expressway Drive, South, Islandia, NY 11749. If
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
1
the ASTM website. meeting of the responsible technical committee , which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2582 − 09
FIG. 2 Short Base Probe
specimens shall be cut in each direction to provide for a
minimum of five tears.
7. Preparation and Calibration of Apparatus
7.1 Level the ba
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2582–08 Designation:D2582–09
Standard Test Method for
Puncture-Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and
1
Thin Sheeting
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2582; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dynamic tear resistance of plastic film and thin sheeting subjected to
end-use snagging-type hazards.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE1—There is no equivalent ISO test method. 1—Film has been arbitrarily defined as sheeting having nominal thickness not greater than 0.25 µm
(0.010 in.).
NOTE 2—There is no equivalent ISO test method.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
D 5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens
D 6988 Guide for Determination of Thickness of Plastic Film Test Specimens
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 slit tear—a single tear parallel to the direction of the falling carriage.
3.1.2 “V” tear— a tear that has two individual tear legs (not necessarily of equal length) radiating approximately 645° from
the point the tear was initiated.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The puncture-propagation of tear test measures the resistance of a material to snagging, or more precisely, to dynamic
puncture and propagation of that puncture resulting in a tear. Failures due to snagging occur in a variety of end uses, including
industrial bags, liners, and tarpaulins. The units reported in this test method are Newtons (tear resistance).
4.2 Experience has shown that for many materials puncture does not contribute significantly to the force value determined, due
to the sharpness of the propagating probe used. However, comparing the results of prepunctured test specimens with normal
nonpunctured specimens will give an indication of the extent of any puncture resistance in the reported result.
4.3 For many materials, there may be a specification that requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural
modifications that take precedence when adhering to the specification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that material
specification before using this test method. Table 1 of Classification System D 4000 lists the current ASTM materials standards.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film and Sheeting .
Current edition approved Nov.May 1, 2008.2009. Published November 2008.June 2009. Originally approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 20072008 as
D 2582 – 078.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2582–09
3
5. Apparatus
5.1 As shown in Fig. 1, the instrument consists of:
5.1.1 Carriages of different weight, each with a pointed probe. Each carriage weight shall have a tolerance of 61 % of the
weight desired.
5.1.2 A test stand including:
5.1.2.1 Carriage release mechanism,
5.1.2.2 Scale marked in millimetres,
5.1.2.3 Curved specimen holder with a tear slot and five clamps,
5.1.2.4 Drop base with a guide channel to accommodate the carriage wheels, and
5.1.2.5 Bubble level to level the base.
5.2 The st
...
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